EEOR Enzyme Enhanced Oil Recovery Meeting Agenda Safety

E-EOR Enzyme Enhanced Oil Recovery

Meeting Agenda • Safety Moment & Introductions • Product Demonstration • Green. Zyme – Technology Introduction • Product History & Performance • Well Selection & Operations • Mad. Mackenzie Solutions • Market-Entry Strategy, USA • Questions & Discussion

Mad. Mackenzie is proud to be the Exclusive Distributor of USA for Green. Zyme®, the most experienced and successful enzyme-EOR product available for enhanced oil recovery. Green. Zyme® is proud to be an American-made product, manufactured in Houston, Texas.

Mad. Mackenzie Product Demonstration with Green. Zyme®

Before Green. Zyme® Green. Zyme was invented by Dr. Philip Lau. Dr. Lau obtained his Ph. D in Chemical Engineering from Texas A&M University, and began his career working with Dow Chemical where he invented 6 products during his eight years as Research Group Leader. In 1986 Dr. Lau left Dow to create his own product invention and after four years of development Green. Zyme was born. Today, Green. Zyme has successfully treated thousands of wells and is responsible for millions of barrels of incremental oil production.

Green. Zyme® Product Introduction Green. Zyme is engineered through a proprietary process that involves impregnating a high-protein nutrient solution with the selective DNA of oil-digesting microbes. The process produces a non-living biological liquid enzyme specifically designed to act as an oil releasing catalyst. Green. Zyme is the evolution of microbe technology for the purpose of EOR.

EOR Chemistry Biology Physics • Fracturing • Microbes – Living • Water-flooding • Hot oils • Enzymes – Non-living • Steam -injection • Acid and caustic • Microwave • ASP, polymers • Radio Frequency • Nano Technology

Enzyme-EOR ? Living Organism Microbe – single-cell organisms so tiny that millions can fit into the eye of a needle. Oil-Eating microbe converts oil into carbon dioxide and water. Non-Living Organism Enzyme – substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about specific biochemical reaction. True Biological Catalyst – substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

What is Green. Zyme® ? Green. Zyme is the evolution of microbe technology for the purpose of EOR. A natural biological catalyst designed to increase oil mobility, enhance microscopic sweep efficiency, and improve relativepermeability. A 100% biodegradable solution that is more powerful and longer lasting in the reservoir.

How does Green. Zyme work?

Releasing Oil GZ catalytically releases oil in the form of tiny droplets that dramatically improve the oil’s mobility to flow throughout the formation. Catalyst for changing wettability How does Green. Zyme® behave? GZ changes wettability. Oil-wetted and water-wetted surfaces are turned into Green. Zyme-wetted surfaces, releasing residual oils and enhancing the formation’s ability to flow. IFT and Permeability GZ works as a catalyst to reduce IFT and increase relative -permeability, helping to promote hydrocarbon migration from rock. Working with paraffin GZ is not a solvent, however as a result of its behavior GZ is able to help mobilize paraffin with the residual oils it encounters.

Oil releasing process with Green. Zyme catalyst From a solid covered in crude, to catalytic oil released surface, to finally a protected Green. Zyme-wetted surface.

Oil releasing process with Green. Zyme catalyst From a solid covered in crude, to catalytic oil released surface, to finally a protected Green. Zyme-wetted surface.

Green. Zyme at work with heavy oil in formation Oil in formation Green. Zyme changing wettability, changing oil mobility Rock framework Figure 7: Data Source: Qing-xian Feng, SPE 107128, Feb. 2009.

Green. Zyme molecules working inside pores of oil reservoir Figure 5 & 6: Data Source: Qing-xian Feng, SPE 107128, Feb. 2009.

Green. Zyme® at work Click above to watch embedded video.

Applications • Improve start-up well performance • Mature wells with continuous decline • New wells with rapid decline • Waterflooding systems • Mobilize oils of various viscosities • Wells with paraffin problems • Single huff-and-puff wells • Steam Injection wells • Chemical Fracturing wells

Unaffected by adverse well conditions such as: • Temperature • p. H • Salinity • Radioactive Isotopes • NORM • Sulfur • Hydrogen Sulfide content • Paraffin

How can Green. Zyme enhance my oil production?

Is your well a strong candidate for Green. Zyme®? Required Equipment Ideal Candidate • Oil service pumping truck • New well start-up treatment OR • High pressure piston, plunger or triplex pump • Currently producing at ≥ 20% of initial start-up daily production average • Porosity > 15% How much Green. Zyme? Shut-in Time • Vertical Well with <10 bbl/day requires 1 -2 drums • 48 hours if well porosity >15%, with little paraffin. • Vertical wells with >20 bbl/day require 2 -12 drums • 3 -4 days if <15% porosity or higher paraffin. • Horizontal wells require 8 -20 drums • 5 -8 days if reduced porosity and high paraffin. • Waterflood system requirements vary, 4 -16 drums

Targeting applications for Green. Zyme Key Points 1) Green. Zyme® Rescue Point Target < 80% drop from Initial Production. 2) Intervention and effective time period between V 1, V 3, V 5, V 7, V 9, V 11 etc. can be anywhere from 6 months to 36+ months, depending on formations favorable or nonfavorable conditions. Most average oil wells experience enhanced oil productions for durations lasting between one to two years. 3) Green. Zyme® intervention can benefit in oil production in 3 areas: A) Large volume of extra oil production increase after each E-EOR treatment. B) Enhanced oil migration due to reduction of IFT and increase in relative-permeability. C) Extend the life-cycle of a typical oil well.

Typical results after Green. Zyme applications API 14 -32 // Average Tracking: 18 Months to 3 Years, Phase 1

Extension of well life with multiple treatments Tracking Duration: 10 years, Phases 1 -6 4 years 14 months 1 year 1. 5 years 2. 5 years

Client Referrals and Publication references about Green. Zyme® New Frontiers in EOR Pilot Tests with Modified Olivia Carey, Methodologies by Application Enzyme [Green. Zyme] – Dangang Asset Manager, Operator of Enzymes Field, China EEOR Success in Mann Field, Myanmar “The environment-friendly enzyme, a Author: Petro. China Oilfield Co. “Green. Zyme® is the EOR of the biological catalyst, can significantly SPE 154690: Tarang Jain and “… [Green. Zyme] was applied to the future: cleaner, safer, and accelerate (several million reactions per Akash Sharma “The enzyme Shengli field in China and smarter. It is a biodegradable, second) release of oil from grain surfaces function of the product is due to increased production was biological enzyme derivative. It in an oil reservoir. In addition, it can the fact that the enzymes release sustained for 180 days producing digests nothing, dissolves change rock wettability from oil-wet to oil, but are not consumed in the an additional 10, 961 bbl. …With nothing, and causes nothing to water-wet to Green. Zyme-wet, thus releasing mechanism. After the continued development over the grow. Green. Zyme performs its reducing interfacial tension of solids and release of hydrocarbons the next two years, more than 100 biological function in every oil-flow resistance through formation pore enzymes will be attached to the wells saw enzyme applications with reservoir. ” spaces. The enzyme works biologically, solid surfaces and… are a success ratio of greater than theoretically never being consumed, available to interact with new 88%. ” reapplied until diluted by produced water. ” hydrocarbons and cause the release of oil. ”

Exclusive Distributor - USA Market Assessment Can our product help improve recovery or more OOIP? Market-Entry Strategy Field Trials across multiple applications, conventional & unconventional Collaboration Working together to achieve maximum product effectiveness

Mad. Mackenzie Strategy Marginal / Mature Fields Service Co. 's & Chemical Providers E&P Operators Our solution is an economical operation By creating relationships with other Educating new clients takes time and designed to achieve increased providers we can work together to effort, but the rewards are worth it. We production for longer durations. implement new solutions to meet client want our clients to discover the science challenges. behind our solution.

Working Together Well Treatment & Stimulation New Applications & New Solutions Solving Client Challenges Flow Assurance Improve Operating Efficiency

Green. Zyme® is effective & efficient Enzyme EOR Catalyst Product Simplicity Solution designed to create a natural biochemical No special equip needed operationally; product can be reaction that enhances oil production. injected directly through the well’s casing-tubing or down the backside. Product History & Experience Environmentally Friendly Proven product injected in thousands of wells worldwide Green. Zyme solution is non-pathogenic, nontoxic, and with 25+ years of experience. 100% biodegradable. Product Applications Can accommodate a wide array of well formations and life cycle’s, with many strong advantages over other EOR methods.

Questions & Discussion

Thank you For your time. Please contact us for more information and learn if Green. Zyme is the right choice for your oil wells. Mad. Mackenzie Solutions 9119 Hwy 6 Suite 230 Missouri City, TX 77459 info@madmackenzie. com Office: 281 -778 -8128

References Table 1: Green. Zyme vs Interfacial Tension. Data source: (Y. Wang) SPE 112355, 2008. Table 2: Green. Zyme vs Contact Angle on surface wettability. Date Source: (Y. Wang) SPE 112355, 2008. Figure 2: Wettability changes with Time for Limestone and Sandstone. Source: SPE 112355 New Agent for Formation Damage Mitigation in Heavy-Oil Reserve: Mechanism & Application. Table 3 & 4: Effect of 10% Green. Zyme on contact angle changes at sandy surface. Data Source: “Laboratory analysis & evaluation report for Apollo Green. Zyme in oilfield recovery”, CNPC Report, April 20, 2002, by Research Institute of China Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing China. Table 5 & 6: Source CNPC report from Research Institute of China Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing China. Figures 5 -7: Data Source: Qing-xian Feng, SPE 107128, Feb. 2009. Table 7: Source (Y. Wang) SPE 112355, 2008. Figure 8: Data Source Client Well “TJ-1319”.