CLILI C C CARMINATI Prof Pagliaro Antonietta GREETINGS

CLIL-I. C. “C. CARMINATI” Prof. Pagliaro Antonietta

GREETINGS! Hi! Hello! Nice to meet you!/How do you do? Good morning/afternoon/ evening/night! Goodbye!

FAMILY… parents: father/mother husband/wife child/children son/daughter brother/sister twins an only child grandparents: grandfather/ grandmother grandchildren: grandson/ grandaughter stepparents: stepfather/ stepmother stepchild/stepchildren stepson/stepsister relatives uncle/aunt nephew/niece cousin father-in-law/mother-in-law brother-in-law/sister-in-law

… AND FRIENDS! an old friend a close friend my best friend my soulmate! adj: loyal honest funny cheerful reliable generous clever outgoing envious VERBS: to meet to make friendship to get in touch to stay/keep in touch to spend time together to talk to sb to chat to sb to call a friend for a chat

VERBS (FAMILY) to meet to know to get engaged to be engaged to sb to get married to be married to sb/to marry sb to get on to adopt a child to separate from one’s husband/wife to get divorced to divorce one’s husband/wife

FEELINGS amused/amusing annoyed/annoying bored/boring disappointed/disapponting embarrassed/embarrassing excited/exciting fascinated/fascinating frightened/frightening interested/interesting scared/scaring surprised/surprising terrified/terrifying tired/tiring worried/worrying happy/glad unhappy/sad miserable upset cross angry

hungry calm furious afraid proud ashamed sensitive VERBS: to feel to blush to yawn to cheer up to laugh to smile to be scared to death to scream to shout to cry/to burst into tears to be in a good/bad mood to lose one’s temper

JOBS What’s your job? painter fireman lorry driver/taxi driver/bus driver hairdresser/barber tailor typist travel agent tour guide waiter/waitress cook fisherman pilot/steward electrician musician mechanic accountant/clerk judge/lawyer shop assistant I’m a …/ I work in a …as a …/ I work for…

computer programmer factory worker carpenter bricklayer plumber nurse writer farmer vet pensioner/retired person teacher student scientist doctor artist…

CONTRASTIVE ADJECTIVES big/small straight/crooked new/old cheap/expensive open/closed easy/difficult thick/thin fat/thin wide/narrow interesting/boring high/low tall/short long/short deep/shallow strong/weak fast/slow quiet/noisy good/bad tidy/untidy dry/wet full/empty light/heavy

soft/hard smooth/rough clean/dirty loose/tight warm/cold polite/rude generous/mean relaxed/tense hard-working/lazy

FALSE FRIENDS annoy attend actual brave camera canteen comprehensive eventually fabric factory magazine parent pretend rumour sensible support =disturbare VS bore =frequentare VS wait for =reale VS current =coraggioso VS good =fotocamera VS (bed)room =mensa =che include VS sympathetic =alla fine =stoffa =fabbrica VS farm =rivista VS warehouse =genitore VS relative =fingere VS claim =diceria VS noise =ragionevole VS sensitive =sostenere VS stand

COLOURS & IDIOMS catch red handed=catch someone in the act of doing something wrong or illegal Ex: The kids were caught red handed stealing chocolate bars. in the red=in debt When we were in the red we almost had to sell the house. see red=be very angry I saw red when that guy grabbed my sister's purse.

the green light= permission The builders were given the green light to begin the tower. green with envy= very jealous I am green with envy over Julio's new wardrobe. (have a) green thumb= be skillful in the garden You can tell by her flower garden that Sheila has a green thumb.

have the blues= be sad or depressed I always have the blues during the winter time. once in a blue moon= very rarely We only go out for dinner once in a blue moon. out of the blue= unexpectedly I got a phone call from a long lost cousin out of the blue last week.

rose/pink coloured glasses= unrealistic view Paula imagines Hollywood with rose coloured glasses.

white lie= an innocent white lie to protect another person's feelings We told Grandma that her cake was delicious, which was actually a white lie.

golden opportunity= the perfect chance The models' conference was a golden opportunity for me to sell my beauty products.

black and blue= bruised and beaten We found the poor guy black and blue near the train tracks black and white= straight forward, very clear The rules we gave the kids were black and white. No answering the phone or the door. black out= faint I always black out at the sight of blood. black sheep= the odd or bad member of the group My oldest brother was the black sheep in our family. He dropped out of school at fifteen.

TRAVELLING By train locomotive, coach, compartment ticket timetable arrival/departure waiting room luggage VERBS: to get on/get off to leave to arrive at/in to get to How long does it take? By plane terminal check-in desk hand luggage, trolley passport departure lounge gate passengers cabin crew/air stewards VERBS: to board to take off to land

HOLIDAY travel journey trip voyage tour historical monuments cathedral temple statue castle ancient ruins historic sites museum art gallery ADJ: lovely, nice crowded amazing VERBS: to go abroad to visit to take photographs to get lost

seaside resort sandy beach/pebbly b. rocks cliff VERBS: to swim to sunbathe to get a suntan/sunburnt to stay to rent four-star hotel guesthouse bed-and-breakfast villa campsite tent caravan camper ADJ: comfortable quiet/noisy

PAST TENSE TO DESCRIBE EVENTS IN POSTCARDS… Base Form Be-was-been be Past Simple Past Participle was been blow blew blown burnt/burned buy bought come came cost dig dug do did done dreamed/dreamt

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feel felt find found fly flew flown give gave given hide hidden

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle keep kept leave left lose lost meet met read run ran run see saw seen sell sold send sent

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle sing sang sung sleep slept speak spoken spend spent swim swam swum tell told wear wore worn write wrote written …

ANIMALS & IDIOMS To work like a dog Straight from horse’s mouth Fight like cat and dog A memory like an elephant Like a fish out of water Blind as a bat Like a bull in a china shop When pigs fly! the

SPORTS gymnastics athletics aerobics football basketball/netball volleyball baseball tennis horse riding ice-skating rock-climbing skiing water skiing swimming cycling canoeing sailing parachuting fencing

bungee-jumping, skateboarding snowboarding, skydiving surfing windsurfing karate judo yoga rugby hockey cricket VERBS: to play to go to do to compete to score to win a match to beat/defeat a team to lose to draw

WEATHER ADJ: cold hot dry wet changeable unpredictable sunny cloudy rainy showery humid snowy windy foggy hot stormy

VERBS: to shine to rain to pour to snow to blow NOUNS: wind hurricane rain heavy rain storm thunderstorm snowstorm fog thick fog What’s the weather like? It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy!…

(BELOW ZERO/ABOVE ZERO) VERY COLD CHILLY COOL WARM HOT BOILING HOT NATURAL DISASTERS volcanic eruption flood drought air/water pollution global warming greenhouse effect deforestation litter/rubbish SEASONS: winter spring summer autumn/fall

CLOTHES coat jacket raincoat jumper/pullover cardigan skirt shirt T-shirt blouse dress suit swimmingtrunks/swimsuit trousers jeans shorts tracksuit

socks stockings pyjamas scarf gloves tie belt hat cap sun-glasses wallet purse umbrella shoes/sandals/trainers/ slippers/flip-flops/boots

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

Whe NATIONALITIES re ar e from you ? European Austrian Finnish French German British (English, Scottish, Welsh, Northern Irish) Greek Dutch Hungarian Irish Italian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Rumanian Russian Spanish Swedish Swiss African Egyptian South African Moroccan m o r f I’m tland Sco

American Canadian Mexican Peruvian Brazilian Argentinian Asian Chinese Japanese Indian Iraqi Pakistani Australian…

BIAS/CLICHÉS Italians = they eat spaghetti French = snobbish German = tough, warlike English = terrible at cooking Spanish = singers American = they eat hamburgers Japanese = hard-working Scandinavian = introverted Brazilian = dancers and footballers Arab = traders Scottish = stingy Swiss = precise Chinese = short Slavic = drinker

ANIMALS FROM THE WORLD Pets cat/kitten dog/puppy hamster rabbit Birds hen chick cock turkey duck goose ostrich eagle hawk crow owl pigeon penguin swallow parrot Farm animals cow/calf sheep/lamb horse/foal donkey bull pony

Fish, reptiles and amphibians shark salmon octopus lobster shrimp mussel oyster crab snake lizard frog/toad crocodile/alligator turtle/tortoise Sea mammals seal whale dolphin Insects fly mosquito bee wasp butterfly dragonfly caterpillar worm spider/beetle ant ladybird grasshopper/cricket scorpion

Wild animals fox wolf deer bear panda kangaroo camel zebra monkey gorilla lion tiger leopard buffalo rhino hippo giraffe elephant VERBS: to miaow to bark to roar to slither to fly to sting

LANDSCAPES

POSTCARDS

27 July 2016 My dearest aunt Nancy… Nancy White, 123 street City State Zip code

TENSES: present continuous, present perfect, past simple, future… Ex: We’re having a great/ wonderful/ fantastic/ fabolous time here in… The food is spicy/pretty good… People are friendly [BTW= by the way LOL= laugh out loud] VOCABULARY: Apartment/hotel Beach/pool/swimming Tours/sight-seeing/trips Duty free/shopping/souvenirs Pub Airport Weather Experience: Climbing a mountain Skiing in Austria Shopping in N. Y. Riding an elephant in India Walking along the….

EXAMPLES OF POSTCARDS Dear john… [body of the postcard] Write soon/wish you were here!/see you soon!/(with)love/with best wishes/lots of love from Jimmy (Greetings: Hi everybody/greetings from…/having the best time Sign off: Love/see you soon/lots of love/that’s all the news for now/best wishes)

Bonjour/aloha, Nick! Greetings from… I am sending you a postcard/today I feel (tired/happy…). The weather is hot/sunny/perfect…I tried cous, it was really delicious! Tonight I’m going to… Can you believe that? Hi everyone (greetings) (message)I’m having a great time here in Spain. The hotel in which I stay is lovely. Food and drink are really cheap here! The weather is very hot and sunny. I met some people from Dublin. I’m going to water park tomorrow. See you soon (sign off) (signature)Jack

WORLD ENGLISH

UK, USA, AUSTRALIA

UK Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, is one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England. It is the cathedral of the Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the Church of England symbolic leader of the worldwide Anglican Communion. Founded in 597, the cathedral was completely rebuilt from 1070 to 1077. The east end was greatly enlarged at the beginning of the twelfth century, and largely rebuilt in the Gothic style following a fire in 1174, with significant eastward extensions to accommodate the flow of pilgrims visiting the shrine of Thomas Becket, the archbishop who was murdered in the cathedral in 1170. The Norman nave and transepts survived until the late fourteenth century, when they were demolished to make way for the present structures.

The Beefeaters The Yeomen Warders of Her Majesty’s Royal Palace and Fortress the Tower of London, popularly known as the Beefeaters, are ceremonial guardians of the Tower of London. In principle they are responsible for looking after any prisoners in the Tower and safeguarding the British crown jewels, but in practice they act as tour guides and are a tourist attraction. In 2011, there were 37 Yeomen Warders and one Chief Warder. All warders are retired from the Armed Forces of Commonwealth realms and must be former senior non-commissioned officers or petty officers with at least 22 years of service. They must also hold the Long Service and Good Conduct medal.

Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London, and often extended to refer to the clock and the clock tower. The tower is officially known as Elizabeth Tower, renamed to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2012; previously it was known simply as the Clock Tower. The tower holds the second largest four-faced chiming clock in the world. The tower was completed in 1859 and had its 150 th anniversary on 31 May 2009, during which celebratory events took place. The tower has become one of the most prominent symbols of the United Kingdom and is often in the establishing shot of films set in London.

Changing of (the Queen's Life) Guard The Old Guard, formed from the Blues and Royals passing Buckingham Palace. At the time of Guard Changing, the Old Guard forms up on the north side of the enclosure on Horse Guards Parade and the New Guard on the south side. As the New Guard arrives, each Guard carries the Standard and the Trumpeters of both Old and New Guards sound the Royal Salute on the arrival of the New Guard and on the departure of the Old Guard. When both Guards have formed up in the enclosure, the Corporal Major, Senior NCO and the sentries of the first relief of the New Guard leave for the Guard Room which is then handed over. The sentries of the Old Guard, after being relieved, rejoin the remainder of the Old Guard on the north side of the enclosure. The Standard and Trumpeters are only on parade with a Long Guard.

London Eye The London Eye is a giant wheel on the South Bank of the River Thames in London. Also known as the Millennium Wheel, it has also been called by its owners the British Airways London Eye. . . Since mid. January 2015, it has been known as the Coca-Cola London Eye, following an agreement signed in September 2014. It is the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom with over 3. 75 million visitors annually, and has made many appearances in popular culture.

THE TOWER OF LONDON Officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, it is a historic castle, located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It was founded towards the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest of England. The White Tower, which gives the entire castle its name, was built by William the Conqueror in 1078, and was a resented symbol of oppression, inflicted upon London by the new ruling elite. The castle was used as a prison from 1100 until 1952, although that was not its primary purpose. A grand palace early in its history, it served as a royal residence. As a whole, the Tower is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat. There were several phases of expansion, mainly under Kings Richard the Lionheart, Henry III, and Edward I in the 12 th and 13 th centuries. The general layout established by the late 13 th century remains despite later activity on the site. The Tower of London has played a prominent role in English history. It was besieged several times, and controlling it has been important to controlling the country. The Tower has served variously as an armoury, a treasury and the home of the Crown Jewels of England. From the early 14 th century until the reign of Charles II, a procession would be led from the Tower to Westminster Abbey on the coronation of a monarch. This was a powerful and trusted position in the medieval period. Under the Tudors, the Tower became used less as a royal residence, and despite attempts to refortify and repair the castle its defences lagged behind developments to deal with artillery.

The peak period of the castle's use as a prison was the 16 th and 17 th centuries, when many figures who had fallen into disgrace, such as Elizabeth I before she became queen. This use has led to the phrase "sent to the Tower". Despite its enduring reputation as a place of torture and death, popularised by 16 th-century religious propagandists and 19 th-century writers, only seven people were executed within the Tower before the World Wars of the 20 th century. Executions were more commonly held on the notorious Tower Hill to the north of the castle, with 112 occurring there over a 400 -year period. In the First and Second World Wars, the Tower was again used as a prison, and witnessed the executions of 12 men for espionage. After the Second World War, damage caused during the Blitz was repaired, and the castle reopened to the public. Today the Tower of London is one of the country's most popular tourist attractions.

Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire-England. Stonehenge's ring of standing stones are set within earthworks in the middle of the most dense complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England. Archaeologists believe it was constructed from 3000 BC to 2000 BC. The surrounding circular earth bank and ditch, which constitute the earliest phase of the monument, have been dated to about 3100 BC. Stonehenge could have been a burial ground from its earliest beginnings.

USA THE STATUE OF LIBERTY Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, designed by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, a French sculptor, was built by Gustave Eiffel and dedicated on October 28, 1886. It was a gift to the United States from the people of France. The statue is of a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess, who bears a torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet evoking the law) upon which is inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue is an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.

The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate strait, the one-mile-wide (1. 6 km), three-mile-long (4. 8 km) channel between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The structure links the American city of San Francisco, California– the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula– to Marin County. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and the United States. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Frommer's travel guide describes the Golden Gate Bridge as "possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world. " It opened in 1937 and was, until 1964, the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4, 200 feet (1, 300 m).

The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the state of Arizona in the United States. The Grand Canyon is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 18 miles (29 km) wide and attains a depth of over a mile (6, 093 feet or 1, 857 meters). Nearly two billion years of Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted. While some aspects about the history of incision of the canyon are debated by geologists, several recent studies support the hypothesis that the Colorado River established its course through the area about 5 to 6 million years ago. Since that time, the Colorado River has driven the down-cutting of the tributaries and retreat of the cliffs, simultaneously deepening and widening the canyon. For thousands of years, the area has been continuously inhabited by Native Americans, who built settlements within the canyon and its many caves. The Pueblo/ people considered the Grand Canyon a holy site, and made pilgrimages to it. The first European known to have viewed the Grand Canyon was García López de Cárdenas from Spain, who arrived in 1540.

The Washington Monument is an obelisk on the National Mall in Washington, D. C. . Located almost due east of the Reflecting Pool and the Lincoln Memorial, the monument, made of marble, granite, and bluestone gneiss is both the world's tallest stone structure and the world's tallest obelisk, standing 554 feet 7 11⁄32 inches (169. 046 m) tall. Construction of the monument began in 1848, and was halted from 1854 to 1877 due to a lack of funds, a struggle for control over the Washington National Monument Society, and the intervention of the American Civil War. It officially opened October 9, 1888. Upon completion, it became the world's tallest structure. The monument held this designation until 1889, when the Eiffel Tower was completed in Paris, France. The monument was damaged during the 2011 Virginia earthquake and Hurricane Irene in the same year and remained closed to the public while the structure was assessed and repaired. After 32 months of repairs, the National Park Service and the Trust for the National Mall reopened the Washington Monument to visitors on May 12, 2014.

AUSTRALIA The Sydney Opera House is a multivenue performing arts centre in Sydney, Australia. It is one of the 20 th century's most famous and distinctive buildings. Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon, the building was formally opened on 20 October 1973 . The building and its surrounds occupy the whole of Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour. Though its name suggests a single venue, the building comprises multiple performance venues which together are among the busiest performing arts centres – hosting well over 1, 500 performances annually, attended by more than 1. 2 million people. Performances are presented by numerous performing artists, including four resident companies: Opera Australia, The Australian Ballet, the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. As one of the most popular visitor attractions in Australia, more than eight million people visit the site annually, and approximately 350, 000 visitors take a guided tour of the building each year. On 28 June 2007, the Sydney Opera House became a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock is a large sandstone rock formation in the southern part of the Northern Territory in central Australia. It lies 335 km (208 mi) south west of the nearest large town, Alice Springs, 450 km (280 mi) by road. Uluru is sacred to the Pitjantjatjara Anangu, the Aboriginal people of the area. The area around the formation is home to an abundance of springs, waterholes, rock caves, and ancient paintings. Uluru is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

…AND NOW…IT’S YOUR TURN!