Architectures for Manufacturing Richard A Wysk IE 551

Architectures for Manufacturing Richard A. Wysk IE 551 - Computer Control of Manufacturing Systems

Agenda • Types of manufacturing architectures • Architectural linkages • Integration/hooks

Introduction What is an Architecture? –“a style or method of design and construction” –“a design or orderly arrangement perceived by man” l. Why are architectures important? l. Relevant for CIM control

Types of Architectures Different architectures in a manufacturing facility n n n Physical Logical Organizational

The Physical Layout • • Adjacency Floor space utilization Accessibility Flexibility

Integrated CIM Cell

Unit D Rotational Machining Workstation Storage Workstation Kardex AS/RS Horizon V Vertical Mill Material Transport Cart Part Inverter IBM 7535 B C rid N ge C p M or ill t Prismatic Machining Workstation Fanuc A 0 Material Transport Cartrac Unit Conveyor Transport System Faunc M 1 -L Buffer Daewoo Puma Turning Center Assembly Workstation Material Transport Cart IBM 7545

Functional Architecture How tasks relate to each other Sales Marketing Order entry Production control Process planning Etc.

Communication Architecture • Linkages between entities that allow for the transmission of information • Physical layer • Protocols and packeting of information • See Chapter 6 of Chang et al

Information System Architecture • Data repositiories • Access method (DMA, TCP/IP, etc. ) • Assess protocol (SQL, ODBC, fixed read, etc. ) • Ownership/privilege

Example DHS - Data Handler Server DHC - Data Handler Client DHC DHC DHS . . . DHC Database Controller

Control Architecture • Considers all other architectures • Organization architecture n n n Responsibility Ownership Functions

A Controller Planning Scheduling Execution

An Equipment Controller Data Handler Equipment process plan (e. g. CAD file) Equipment Controller Convert Device specific data (e. g. NC file, CL data, etc. ) Machine Controller Individual spindle/joint activation commands Physical Machine

A Collection of Controllers Shop Resource Manager Wkstn Equip Wkstn Equip

Control Architecture Hierarchical control (Master/Slave) n n Decomposition of functions into a tree structure Logical layers of control Heterarchical control n n Democracy at work Cooperative control Several specifications of both n n ICAM 7 layer hierarchy NIST hierarchy

What do we need to know? • • Computer control Communications Functional control Information access and processing

Where we go from here? • • Overview of architectures Functional architectures Information architectures Communication architectures Rapid. CIM Simulation-based Control Holonic Manufacturing

Resources • Hoberecht, W. C. , Smith, J. S. , and Joshi, S. B. , “Architectures for factory control”, AUTOFACT, Conference Proceedings, AUTOFACT'92 Conference Proceedings, Sep 10 -12 1992, Detroit, MI, USA. , Sponsored by: Society of Manufacturing Engineers; Computer and Automated Systems Association of SME Publ by SME, Dearborn, MI, USA, p 13 -2739. • Joshi, S. B. , Mettala, E. G. , Smith J. S. , and Wysk, R. A. , “Formal models for control of flexible manufacturing cells: physical and system model”, IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, v 11, n 4, Aug, 1995 IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA, p 558 -570. • Smith, J. S. , Hoberecht, W. C. , and Joshi, S. B. “Shop-floor control architecture for computer-integrated manufacturing” IIE Transactions (Institute of Industrial Engineers), v 28, n 10, Oct, 1996 Chapman & Hall Ltd, London, U. K. , p 783 -794.