PRODUCTION MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING Manufacturing is the process of

PRODUCTION

MANUFACTURING

MANUFACTURING Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials, components, or parts into finished goods that meet a customers expectations or specifications.

Casting: ” Foundry or casting is the process of producing metal/alloy component parts of desired shapes by pouring the molten metal/alloy into a prepared mould (of that shape) and then allowing the metal/alloy to cool and

Applications of Casting: ØTransportation vehicles ØTurbine vanes ØPower generators ØRailway crossings ØAgricultural parts ØAircraft jet engine parts ØSanitary fittings ØCommunication, Construction and Atomic Energy applications, etc. .

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MATERIAL REMOVING PROCESSES ØThe Principle used in all machining processes is to generate the surface required by providing suitable relative motions between the work piece and tool. ØIn these Processes material is removed from unwanted regions of the input material.

Material removal processes: ØTURNING ØMILLING ØSHAPING ØDRILLING ØSLOTTING

Turning is a machining process in which a cutting tool, typically a non-rotary tool bit, describes a helix tool path by moving more or less linearly while the work piece rotates. LATHE

Milling is the machining process of using rotary cutters to remove material from a work piece by advancing (or feeding) in a direction at an angle with the axis of the tool. MILLING

Shaper is a type of machine tool that uses linear relative motion between the work piece and a single-point cutting tool to machine a linear tool path. SHAPING

Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials DRILLING

The slotting machine can be used to cut slots, splines keyways for both internal and external jobs such as machining internal and external gears. SLOTTING

DEFORMING PROCESSES Deforming processes make use of suitable stresses like compression, tension, shear or combine stresses to cause plastic deformation of the materials to produce required shapes without changing its mass and material composition.

DEFORMING PROCESSES ØRolling ØForging ØExtrusion

Rolling: In metalworking, rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce thickness and to make thickness uniform.

Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces. The blows are delivered with a hammer (often a power hammer) or a die.

Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile. A material is pushed through a die of the desired cross-section.

JOINING PROCESSES

WELDING • Join together (metal parts) by heating the surfaces to the point of melting with a blowpipe, electric arc, or other means, and uniting them by pressing, hammering.

Adhesive Bonding Products are assembled by Adhesives joined and the use of

Soldering and Brazing • Soldering and Brazing are joining processes where parts are joined without melting the base metals. • Soldering filler metals melt below 450 °C. • Brazing filler metals melt above 450 °C. soldering a contact from a wire • Soldering is commonly used for electrical connection or mechanical joints, but brazing is only used for mechanical joints due to the high temperatures involved