Syrian Private University Faculty of Medicine MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

Syrian Private University Faculty of Medicine MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY LECTURE 5 M. A. KUBTAN MD - FRCS M. A. Kubtan 1

Building Medical Terms Word Root Prefix Suffix Combining forms M. A. Kubtan 2

Forming Medical Terms Medical Term Word root Suffix Prefix Combining forms M. A. Kubtan 3

Forming Medical Terms Part 2 Medical terms are formed from two or more word parts. Suffix Prefix Word root • The main part of a word which contains the basic meaning. • Word parts attached to the beginning of a word that modifies the meaning. • Word parts attached to the end of a word that modifies the meaning. Combining forms • The word root and a combining vowel that enable two parts to. M. A. Kubtan be connected. 4

Word Roots and Combining Forms [BLAST(O)] Combining Forms Meaning blasto immature cells carcin(o) cancer chrondro cartilage cry(o) cold crypt(o) hidden cyan(o) blue M. A. Kubtan 5

Word Roots and Combining Forms [CYT(O)] Combining Forms Meaning cyt(o) cell dextr(o) right dors(o) back erythr(o) red M. A. Kubtan 6

Word Roots and Combining Forms[GALACT(O)] Meaning Forms galact(o) milk glucose glyco sugars gyn(o) women home(o) same M. A. Kubtan 7

Word Roots and Combining. Forms [KINESI(O) Meaning lact(o) milk leuk(o) white lith(o) stone narco sleep; numbness necro death; dying M. A. Kubtan 8

Word Roots and Combining Forms [NOCT(O)] Meaning noct(i) night oncho tumor path(o) disease phago eating phon(o) sound; voice pseud(o) false pyo M. A. Kubtan pus 9

Word Roots and Combining Forms Meaning Forms [PYRO] salping(o) tube schiz(o) split; division scler(o) hardening scolio crooked; bent somato body spiro breath; breathe M. A. Kubtan 10

Prefixes Prefix Word Root Suffix • Prefixes are attached to the beginning of words. • Modifies the meaning of the word or word root. • Indicates size, quantity, position of, and location. M. A. Kubtan 11

Prefixes Prefix (brachy–hypo) Meaning brachy short brady slow contra against dys abnormal; difficult hemi half hyper above normal hypo M. A. Kubtan below normal 12

Prefix Meaning Prefixes (pro–un) pro before; forward re again; backward retro behind; backward semi half supra above; over tachy fast M. A. Kubtan 13

Suffixes Prefix Word Root Suffix • Attaches to the end of the word and carries the underlying meaning of the word. • Suffixes can also be combining forms. M. A. Kubtan 14

Suffixes (ad–crine) Meaning -algia pain -asthenia weakness -blast immature; forming -cidal destroying; killing -clast breaking -crine secreting M. A. Kubtan 15

Suffixes (emesis–graphy) Meaning -emesis vomiting -emia blood -esthesia sensation -globin protein -gram a recording -graph recording instrument -graphy M. A. Kubtan process of recording 16

Suffix -ic Suffixes (ic–malacia) Meaning pertaining to -ism condition; disease -itis inflammation -logist one who practices -lysis destruction of -malacia softening M. A. Kubtan 17

Suffixes (penia-phrenia) Meaning -penia deficiency -pepsia digestion -pexy fixation -phage eating; devouring -phobia fear -phonia sound -phrenia of the mind M. A. Kubtan 18

Suffixes (rrhexis-tropia) Meaning -spasm contraction -stasis stopping; constant -stenosis narrowing -tomy cutting operation M. A. Kubtan 19

Apply Your Knowledge Using various word parts, build terms for the following meanings. Meaning Term • Absence of blood anemia • Bluish color of hands and feet cyanosis • Equal vision in both eyes. isopia • Fast heart. tachycardia • Breakdown of sugar. glycolysis M. A. Kubtan 20

Apply Your Knowledge Part 2 Using various word parts, build terms for the following meanings. Term Meaning • Lack of white blood cells. leukopenia • Softening of bone. osteomalacia • Inflammation of a vein. phlebitis • Nerve pain. neuralgia • Science of skin and its diseases. dermatology M. A. Kubtan 21