SURVEYING THE NEW TESTAMENT TYNDALE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY FALL

SURVEYING THE NEW TESTAMENT TYNDALE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY FALL, 2010

BETHLEHEM & GOD’S PURPOSE FOR US COMPLETE, UNHINDERED FELLOWSHIP WITH GOD RULING THE PLANET AS CO-RULERS LIVING IN A PERFECT PARADISE BETHLEHEM GOD ENTERS INTO A COVENANT WITH ABRAHAM Genesis 1 -3 The “seed of the Woman” would solve the problem FAITHFUL BELIEVERS RULE WITH KING JESUS PARADISE RESTORED (No more curse/New Heaven and Earth) Rev. 20 -22

God’s Covenants with Israel Promises Made Land Covenant Deut. 28 Abrahamic Covenant Mosaic Law Code Genesis 12 Ex. 20; Gal. 3 Promises Fulfilled Davidic Covenant 2 Sam. 7 New Covenant Formation of Israel Patriarchs Moses Joshua Theocracy Monarchy Priests Judges Kings Old Testament Exile Adam Mankind Noah Jer. 31 Restoration Ezra Neh. Prophets Church Kingdom Apostles Jesus Christ New Testament

v § § v LITERAL INTERPRETATION AND THE FULFILLMENT OF THE COVENANT HAS THE COVENANT WITH ABRAHAM BEEN FULFILLED? Most of it has NOT been fulfilled. (Points where it has been fulfilled, it has been fulfilled literally). LAND. Israel has never possessed and occupied the land as the covenant requires. KING/SEED. The son of David has not ruled ‘forever’ on David’s throne over Israel and the world. SALVATION (“New” Covenant). Israel, as a nation has never believed in Jesus as Messiah/Savior/King COVENANT FULFILLMENT WHERE FULFILLMENT HAS HAPPENED, IT HAS BEEN LITERALLY FULFILLED, NOT “SPIRITUALLY”.

CONSIDERING THE NEW COVENANT (1) The New Covenant is based on the death of Christ (Matt. 26: 27 -29; Luke 22: 20). (2) It was made with JUDAH/ISRAEL and not the Church. (The Church is not Israel). (3) In the future, Israel will come into it (Rom. 11: 25 -29). This is the primary purpose of the “Tribulation. ” (4) At the time of Christ’s death and resurrection it replaced the Old/First covenant which was given at Mt. Sinai (Heb. 8: 7; 10: 9). (5) The Church was unknown to the OT prophets but gentile blessing was always known. (Gen. 12: 3; 18: 18) (6) Believers today are a seed of Abraham (Gal. 3: 16, 29). But the Church is not the fulfiller of the Covenant but is rather a “partaker” of it. (Rom. 11: 11 -17)

AN OVERVIEW OF THE LIFE OF JESUS CHRIST v THE DATE OF CHRIST’S BIRTH. Matthew 1: 25; 2: 1, 7. (Herod alive at Jesus’ birth) BIRTH v 4 b. c. (Herod dies in the Spring) THE LENGTH OF CHRIST’S LIFE AND MINISTRY. Luke 3: 1 30 JOHN 2: 13 MINISTRY 31 32 5: 1? 6: 4 33 11: 55

THE EIGHT PERIODS OF CHRIST’S LIFE & MINISTRY P E R I O D G O S P E L (1) BIRTH & CHILD. MATT. AND LUKE (3) (2) (4) EARLY PREP. GREAT MIN. FOR GAL. OF JESUS’ MIN. JESUS MIN. ALL FOUR c. 30 years JOHN MATT. AND MARK (5) (7) (6) (8) TRAIN. LATER LAST OF THE JUDEAN PEREAN DAYS IN 12 MIN. JERU. MATT AND MARK LUKE AND JOHN 3+ years LUKE ALL FOUR

PERIOD #1: THE BIRTH & CHILDHOOD v v AFTER 400 “SILENT” YEARS, GOD SPEAKS…THROUGH GABRIEL IN THE TEMPLE’S HOLY PLACE SPEAKS TO ZACHARIAS, A PRIEST. JOHN THE BAPTIST WILL BE BORN: THE ONE WHO WILL FULFILL ISAIAH 40 and MALACHI 3. GABRIEL THEN INFORMS MARY THAT SHE WILL BE THE MOTHER OF MESSIAH. (Joseph also told by an angel). JESUS IS BORN. (Normal growth—Luke 2: 52)

PERIOD #2 PREPARATION FOR CHRIST’S MINISTRY THREE KEY EVENTS: (1) JOHN’S MINISTRY (2) JESUS’ BAPTISM (3) JESUS’ TEMPTATION

JOHN ANNOUNCED THE KINGDOM OF GOD ASPECTS OF THE KINGDOM OF GOD UNIVERSAL KINGDOM OF GOD SPIRITUAL KINGDOM OF GOD THEOCRATIC MYSTERY MILL. O. T. N. T. ETERNAL ETERNITY

THE BAPTISM OF JESUS MATTHEW 3: 13 -17 (1) Jesus was baptized in order “to fulfill all righteousness”. Requirements of the LAW (2) (3) John’s ministry Jesus enter the office of King…He was anointed at baptism. Jesus identified with the remnant in Israel who believed.

JESUS’ TEMPTATIONS (1) (2) (3) Jesus’ temptations were real. All 40 days; 3 key temptations; during His entire life. (Heb. 2: 18; 4: 15). The purpose of His temptation: to demonstrate that Jesus was morally qualified to be Messiah. Questions: Did He sin? Could He sin? AS A MAN HE WAS TEMPTABLE; AS GOD HE WAS IMPECCABLE. GOD MAN THE PERSON JESUS CHRIST

PERIOD #3 THE EARLY MINISTRY Ø Ø Ø JESUS GOES THROUGHOUT THE LAND PREACHING AND WORKING MIRACLES SO THAT ALL KNOW THAT MESSIAH HAS COME. First Disciples First Miracle Conversation with Nicodemus Conversation with Samaritan woman

PERIOD #4: THE GREAT GALILEAN MINISTRY v v v LASTED ABOUT ONE YEAR SOME OF HIS GREATEST SERMONS WERE PREACHED (e. g. the Sermon on the Mount). GREAT NUMBERS OF MIRACLES WERE WORKED. HIS POPULARITY REACHES ITS PEAK. OPPOSITION FROM THE RELIGIOUS LEADERS BEGINS TO GROW.

MATTHEW 12 THE GREAT REJECTION Ø Ø Ø Rejection had been “brewing”. Sabbath “work” becomes proof that Jesus is not from God. 12: 22 ---the miracles (not unusual) 12: 23 ---the crowd response. Their question expects a negative answer. 12: 24 ---the Pharisee’s explanation. 12: 25 -45 ---Jesus’ response and defense of Himself. A CRUCIAL MOMENT!!!

RESULTS OF THE GREAT REJECTION BEFORE REJECT. AFTER REJECT. FOCUS OF HIS MINISTRY ON THE NATION OF ISRAEL ON THE TWELVE AND INDIVIDUALS HIS METHOD OF TEACHING TAUGHT PLAINLY WITH AUTHORITY GREAT USE OF PARABLES PURPOSE OF HIS MIRACLES AS SIGNS TO ISRAEL SIGNS AND HELP TO INDIVIDUALS SUBJECTS OF HIS TEACHING KINGDOM AND RELATED SUBJ. HIS DEATH, THE CHURCH, etc.

THE “MYSTERY” ASPECT OF THE KINGDOM OF GOD “HAS BECOME LIKE UNTO…” CHURCH OLD NEW AGE OLD “MYSTERY” FORM OF KINGDOM

PERIOD #5: SPECIAL TRAINING OF THE 12 n n n THE FOCUS ON JESUS’ MINISTRY IS NOW ON: THE APOSTLES THOSE OTHERS WHO FAITHFULLY FOLLOW HIM.

PERIOD #6 THE LATER JUDEAN MINISTRY THERE IS ONGOING CONFUSION AND CONTROVERSY ABOUT JESUS OF NAZARETH. John 7 v MIRACLES AND PARABLES CONTINUE IN CHRIST’S MINISTRY. v NOTE THE SABBATH HEALINGS. Luke 13: 14; John 9: 13 v NOTE CHRIST’S CLAIMS. John 10 v

THE EIGHT PERIODS OF CHRIST’S LIFE & MINISTRY P E R I O D G O S P E L (1) BIRTH & CHILD. MATT. AND LUKE (3) (2) (4) EARLY PREP. GREAT MIN. FOR GAL. OF JESUS’ MIN. JESUS MIN. ALL FOUR JOHN MATT. AND MARK (5) (7) (6) (8) TRAIN. LATER LAST OF THE JUDEAN PEREAN DAYS IN 12 MIN. JERU. MATT AND MARK LUKE AND JOHN LUKE ALL FOUR 3 -4 months c. 30 years 3+ years

PERIOD #7 THE LATER PEREAN MINISTRY PEREA IS LOCATED EAST OF THE JORDAN RIVER WHERE THE JEWISH AUTHORITIES DID NOT HAVE JURSIDICTION. v JOHN 10: 40 -42 v

THE LAST WEEK SUNDAY “Triumphal entry” n MONDAY Temple cleansing Cursing of fig tree n TUESDAY Debates in temple Olivet Discourse Judas’ betrayal n WEDNESDAY At Bethany? n THURSDAY The “Last Supper” n FRIDAY The Trials The Crucifixion The Burial n

THE “TRIALS” OF CHRIST v THE ARREST OF JESUS IN GETHSEMANE. JOHN 18: 1 -14 v THE JEWISH TRIALS Ø #1 - Before ANNAS JOHN 18: 12 Ø #2 - Before Caiaphas (Synoptics) MATTHEW 26: 57 Ø #3 - Before Great Sanhedrin (Synoptics) LUKE 22: 66 -70 Ø Charge: BLASPHEMY

THE “TRIALS” OF CHRIST v THE JEWISH TRIALS: Charge: BLASPHEMY v THE ROMAN TRIALS Ø #4 - Before Pontius Pilate (All) Ø #5 - Before Herod Antipas (Luke) Ø #6 - Before Pilate (All) Ø Charge: TREASON

THE HOURS OF CRUCIFIXION JESUS DIES; TEMPLE VEIL TORN; GREAT EARTHQUAKE TRIALS OF JESUS SAYING #1 MOCKING SAYING #2 SAYING #3 9 am MARK 15: 25 NOON SAYINGS #4#7 DARKNESS 3 pm MARK 15: 33 S A B B A T H 6 pm JOSEPH TAKES THE BODY OF JESUS; PUTS IT IN THE TOMB

THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST THERE ARE 11 SPECIFIC RESURRECTION APPEARANCES. v 1 CORINTHIANS 15 HAS TWO THAT ARE NOT FOUND IN THE GOSPELS. v MANY HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE SAW HIM ALIVE AFTER HIS DEATH. v ACTS 1 IS IMPORTANT…MANY HOURS SPENT WITH THE APOSTLES OVER THE FORTY DAY PERIOD. v

THE RESURRECTION APPEARANCES # Appeared to Location Time Scripture 1 Mary Magda. At the Tomb Sunday 2 Other Women Jerusalem 3 Peter 4 Emmaus Dis. Jerusalem Sunday John 20 Matt. 28 Luke 24 Emmaus Sunday 5 10 Disciples Jerusalem Sunday John 20 6 11 Disciples Jerusalem 1 Week John 20 ? John 21 ? 1 Cor. 15 7 7 Disciples Sea of Galilee 8 500 Brethren 9 11 Disciples 10 Bro. James 11 11 Disciples Galilee ? Luke 24 Matt. 28 ? ? 1 Cor. 15 Jerusalem Ascension Luke 24