Oral Pathology Final Review Gastric regurgitation causes which

Oral Pathology Final Review

Gastric regurgitation causes which of the following? • • • A. B. C. D Erosion Abrasion Attrition Hypercementosis

Erosion

A patient states that for almost a year now, she has had a rubbery, firm, painless nodule within the substance of the parotid gland. The condition is MOST likely a: • • A. B. C. D. E. Mucocele Lymph node Benign Mixed Tumor Squamous Cell Carcinoma Sialolith with encapsulation

Benign Mixed Tumor • Pleomorphic Adenoma (Benign Mixed Tumor) The palate is the most common intraoral location, but these tumors may be found in any area where salivary gland tissue is present • Most common salivary gland neoplasm – accounts for about 90% of all benign salivary gland tumors.

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is MOST likely to occur in which of the following age groups? • • • A. B. C. 1 – 5 years 6 – 10 years 11 – 15 years

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis Painful Erythematous Edematous Most common in children 6 mos to 6 yrs. • Perioral skin, vermillion border of lips & oral mucosa • •

Which of the following lesions has the greatest malignant potential? • • • A B. C. D. Leukoedema Lichen Planus Actinic Cheilitis White Sponge Nevus

Actinic (Solar) Cheilitis

A patient has painful lesions on her buccal mucosa. A biopsy reveals acantholysis and a suprabasilar vesicle. Which of the following represents the MOST likely diagnosis? • • A B. C. D. E. Pemphigus Psoriasis Erythema Multiforme Bullous Lichen Planus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Pemphigus Acantholysis= epithelial cell separation 50% of cases the first signs appear in the oral cavity. Gentile finger pressure with movement on clinically normal mucosa can produce a cleavage in the epithilelum and result in the formation of a bulla. This is called Nikolsky sign.

The MOST common location for a mucous retention swelling or mucocele is the: • • A. B. C. D. E. Tongue Gingiva Upper lip Lower lip Buccal mucosa

Lower lip • Forms when minor salivary gland duct is disrupted and mucous salivary gland secretion enters the adjacent connective tissue • Most common on lower lip • Size may decrease over time • Minor salivary glands

A patient presents with a bilateral, grayish-white lesion of the buccal mucosa. This lesion disappears when the mucosa is stretched. Which of the following is the MOST likely condition? • • A. B. C. D. E. Leukoedema Leukoplakia Lichen Planus White Sponge Nevus Pachyonychia congenital

Leukoedema • Accumulation of fluid within the epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa. asymptomatic bilateral, diffuse, grayish-white, milky, opalescet appearance of the mucosa will disappear when applying the clinical "stretch test"

Which of the following lesions is the MOST likely to become malignant? • • • • A. B. C. D. E. Papilloma Leiomyoma Lymphangioma Junctional Nevus Granular Cell Tumor

Junctional Nevus

Ameloblastoma of the mandible is similar radiographically to which of the following conditions? • • • A. B. C. D. Osteosarcoma Pindborg Tumor Ameloblastic Fibro-odontoma Central Giant Cell Granuloma

• Remember…. sarcoma is a term reserved for a malignant neoplasm of embryonic connective tissue origin.

A 22 -year old female patient has a diffuse erythema of the gingiva with scattered, isolated ulcers on the tongue and in the Oropharynx. The marginal gingiva is edematous and inflamed. Her condition is of three days’ duration, is painful; and she has an elevated temperature and malaise. The MOST likely diagnosis is: Apththous stomatitis B. Erosive Lichen Planus C. Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid D. Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis A. • • •

Apthous Stomatitis

Apthous Stomatitis • Young female • Located on soft palate, tonsillar fauces, labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, and tongue.

Metastatic carcinoma to the jaws is LEAST likely to arise from the: • • • Brain Breast Kidney Prostate Lung

Brain • Least likely…. not usually carcinoma

Radiographs of a patients’ teeth reveal that the crowns are bulbous; the pulps obliterated; and the roots shortened. These findings are associated with which of the following? – – – Porphyria Pierre Robin Syndrome Amelogenesis Imperfecta Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Erythroblastosis fetalis

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

The routine examination of a healthy 20 -year old man discloses a round, brown lesion, 3 mm in diameter, on his lower lip. The lesion is solitary, asymptomatic, and flat. Its duration is unknown. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? – – – Blue nevus Focal melanosis Compound nevus Malignant melanoma Peutz-Jegher’s Syndrome

Focal melanosis • Flat circumscribed pigmentation of the lip ofr mouth • Usually single, • Less than 1 cm in diameter • Common in lightskinned persons between 25 & 45 years

Papillary hyperplasia is MOST frequently found in which of the following sites? • • Hard palate Soft palate Anterior gingival tissue Posterior gingival tissue

Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia of the Palate • A reactive tissue growth that usually develops beneath a denture

Which of the following reactive lesions of the gingival tissue reveals bone formation microscopically? • • • Peripheral ossifying fibroma Traumatic neuroma Pyogenic granuloma Irritation fibroma Osteoma

Osteoma

In which of the following locations do premalignant lesions of squamous epithelium MOST often appear (in the U. S. population)? • • • Palate Gingiva tissue Buccal mucosa Lateral border and ventral surface of the tongue Dorsal surface of the tongue

Lateral border and ventral surface of the tongue

Which of the following clinical lesions MOST often reveals histologic evidence of severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ? • • • Leukoedema Leukoplakia Lichen Planus Erythroplakia White Sponge Nevus

Erythroplakia

A patient, who has been taking penicillin for three weeks, presents with slightly painful white lesions on the tongue, palate, and cheeks. A dentist wipes the lesions with gauze and notes that they have red surfaces. The most likely diagnosis is: • • Lichen Planus Candidiasis Erythema multiforme Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

Candidiasis

A patient has two or more of here teeth joined only by cementum. This phenomenon is known as: • • • Fusion Hypercementosis Gemination Dilaceration Concrescence

Concrescence

The virus that causes acute herpetic gingivostomatitis is closely related to the virus that causes: • • Mumps Measles Chickenpox Cat-scratch disease

Chickenpox

Each of the following diseases has been associated with the Epstein. Barr virus EXCEPT one. Which one is this exception? • • Burkitt’s lymphoma Oral hairy leukoplakia Infectious mononucleosis Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Epstein-Barr Virus Infection • Infectious Mononucleosis – Most common in late adolescents and young adults in upper socioeconomic classes (transmitted my close contact-ex=kissing) • Hairy Leukoplakia – Most common in HIV infected people • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma-rare neoplasm • Burkitt lymphoma-rare neoplasm

Squamous cell carcinoma appears in a variety of locations. In which of the following locations is its prognosis the LEAST favorable? • • • Lower lip Floor of the mouth Hard palate Buccal mucosa oropharynx

oropharynx

Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue MOST commonly metastasizes to which of the following? • • Lungs Liver Bones Cervical nodes

Cervical nodes

LYMPH NODES • Submental – mid lower lip, tip of tongue, etc • Submandibular – upper lip, lateral lower lip, ant lateral tongue, buccal mucosa, etc • Cervical – post. Tongue, palate, etc • Malignant node – enlarged, fixed, indurated

Vesicular lesions precede the formation of ulcers in each of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION? • • • Herpangina Herpes zoster Herpetic stomatitis Aphthous stomatitis Hand-foot-and-mouth disease

Aphthous stomatitis

25. Your patient has a deflection upon opening to the right side. Which part of the temporal mandibular joint anatomy is most likely to have a dysfunction? A. Right lateral pterygoid muscle B. Right ligaments C. Left lateral pterygoid muscle D. Left ligaments

D. LEFT LIGAMENTS