Nutrition and Wellness Unit 1 Choosing Nutrition and

Nutrition and Wellness Unit 1: Choosing Nutrition and Wellness

Wellness is the state of being in good health.

Where do you fall on the Wellness Chart?

Death By Couch Potato • Obesity has doubled in the last 20 years • Type 2 diabetes rose 33% during the 1990’s

Most of these risk factors you can control !

How You Can Practice Wellness: • Pay attention to your total physical, mental, emotional and social health. • Improve your current health and help prevent future health problems. • Recognize and accept the responsibility for your own health.

Get in Gear with Wellness • • • Get plenty of rest (8 -9 hours) Eat 3 or more equally spaced meals including breakfast Control portion sizes Eat slowly Exercise regularly (60 minutes most days) Limit stress Practice good sanitation Avoid reckless behavior Avoid tobacco, alcohol and illegal drug use People with good mental health: • Like themselves • Express positive attitudes • Have socially accepted values • May hold a belief to a larger power • • • Learn how to use good communication to resolve conflicts Lend support to people who need your help Build a positive self-image

Smoking Causes Many Health Problems • • • Heart Disease Emphysema Toxic affects Nicotine addiction Cancer Dangers during pregnancy • Lessened lifespan

Alcoholism Causes Many Health Problems • Heart Problems • Blackouts • Neuritis • Pancreatitis • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • Brain Damage • Cirrhosis of the Liver • Malnutrition • Delirium Tremens

Excessive Caffeine • Can increase urinary calcium excretion • Insomnia • Nervousness • Stomach upset Limit to about 400 mg daily - About 100 mg/6 oz. Coffee - About 40 mg/6 oz. Regular brewed tea; may be less for green tea - Some soft drinks comparable to tea - Some medications have caffeine

Resist Negative Peer Pressure • Believe in your abilities to evaluate the effect a choice will have on your health. • Be strong enough to say no to what you consider to be a poor choice. • Be aware that people who have trouble resisting negative peer pressure may admire you for doing so.

Choose Quality Health Care • Select a physician who has a reputation for providing quality care. • Choose facilities that can meet your needs and are approved by your health care provider. • See your doctor for regular checkups. • Seek your doctor’s advice when you first notice a health problem.

Balance Healthy Habits with Health Care - Rest - Healthful Diet - Physical Activity - Stress Management - Good Grooming - Avoiding Health Risks - Dentists - Physicians - Hospitals - Mental Health Professionals

Being Overweight Can Cause: • • • • High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Diabetes Heart disease, stroke and chest pain Congestive heart failure Gallbladder disease and gallstones Gout Osteoarthritis Obstructive sleep apnea and breathing problems Pregnancy complications Menstrual irregularities, infertility, irregular ovulation Bladder control problems Kidney disease Psychological problems (depression, eating disorders)

Making Decisions for Wellness • Identify the decision to be made. • Collect information and identify your resources. • Identify the possible choices. • Weigh the possible choices. • Choose the best option. • Take action. • Evaluate your decision. 1. 5

Factors That Influence Food Choices: • • • Family Friends Religion Media Ethnic Background • Emotions • Technology • Income

Family is a Major Influence on Food Choices • More households are headed by working single parents. • Many dual-worker families have more income at their disposal. • The average family is smaller. • Family members are increasingly mobile. • Values make a difference in the kinds of changes seen in family food behaviors.

Friends Influence Your Food Habits Friends enjoy sharing food together at: • Theaters • Parties • Church gatherings • Shopping malls • Fast-food chains • School

Modern Day Influences on Food Choices 1. 6 Sushi • Information about health and fitness has caused people in the U. S. to become more health conscious. • People are spending more of their time in health clubs and exercising at home. • People are more likely to eat special foods that are low-fat and sugarfree.

Culture Influences • Settlers brought foods and spices to America. • Ethnic foods are typical of a given race, nation, or religious culture. • Each region of the county reflect different ethnic heritage. • Religion can affect foods choices.

Tips for Eating with Family & Friends • Studies show that eating together helps family members follow healthier eating patterns. • Plan at least one family meal a week when you all can be together. • Stay at the table until everyone is finished. • Join in on family conservation. Save unpleasant topics for later. • Extend your time together by sharing meal preparation and cleanup. • Make better food choices when eating with friends

What foods trigger your appetite? The Appeal of Food Appetite: • Psychological desire to eat • Stimulated by the sight, aroma, or taste of food Hunger: • Physical need to eat • It takes about 20 minutes for your brain to get the message that you’ve had enough to eat.

How We Eat: • We eat first with our eyes • Then with our sense of smell • And last with our taste buds.

Olfactory cells are nerve cells that extend directly into the brain. • Once food is in the mouth, you continue to smell it as well as taste it. • The nose and mouth share an airway. • The olfactory cells and taste buds are reacting to what you put in your mouth at the same time. Olfactory Cells . .

Using Food to Deal with Emotions: • People offer food as a symbol of love and caring. • Food is used to show concern to a sick friend. • Frustration can lead some people to eat more or less food than their bodies need. • People eat to relieve stress or boredom. • People with eating disorders have emotional problems that require the help of professional counselors. • People use food to comfort themselves. • Food produces feelings of happiness. Odor Lab Activity

What determines the type of food grown locally? • • • Fertile Soil Adequate water supply Favorable climate Technical knowledge Human energy

Factors that Affect the Global Market • Modern farming machinery • Faster food processing systems • Rapid transportation • Improved food packaging

Technological Advances in Food Production • Hydroponics - growing vegetables indoors in nutrient-rich solutions rather than soil. • Fish Farming is a method of growing fish or shellfish in enclosed areas of water. • Scientists and farmers have developed plants that are: - disease-resistant and can withstand severe weather - fruits that ripen on the tree without spoiling fast - vegetables with more vitamins.

Factors that Affect the Price of Food Supply & Demand • When the supply of a food is higher than consumer demand for it, the price is less. • When the demand is higher than the supply, the price goes up. Production and Distribution Costs • Businesses involved in the food supply need to make a profit. • When their costs go up they pass it on to the consumer.

Government Policies Affect the Food Supply • Federal regulations mandate how food is produced and processed. • Guidelines state that manufacturers must pack foods in a sanitary setting. • Laws require label information to be truthful.

Functions of the U. S. Food & Drug Administration is to make sure that: • Food is safe, healthy, and clean • Medicines and medical devices are reasonably safe and effective • Cosmetic products are safe • Animal foods and drugs are safe • Food and medical products have proper labels

Food Fallacies • Certain foods have magical powers. • Taking vitamin and mineral pills eliminates the need to eat nutritious foods. • Foods grown without chemical pesticides have greater nutritional value than other foods. • Certain foods can cure diseases.

Why World Hunger Exists • The climate or geography in some areas makes it difficult to grow food. • Lack of modern transportation in some areas means that food can’t be distributed to those who need it. • Lack of fuel may mean that people can’t cook enough food. • Natural disasters, such as droughts or floods, can affect the food supply for years. • War and other political conflicts can destroy farms and disrupt transportation.

Ways to Help Solve World Hunger • Agencies and organizations are working to help people in need, such as Feed the Children and the American Red Cross. • Educate people about simple, affordable ways to increase the amount of food they can grow. • Search for new food products and new varieties of crops that offer hope for nourishing more people.

Keeping The Food Supply Safe Role of the Government: • Set regulations and standards for food safety, including the safe use of pesticides and additives. • Watch over the food industry to make sure that regulations are followed. • Provide and set standards for consumer information, such as food labels. Role of the Food Industry: • Provide information about food safety to consumers. • Farmers, food manufacturers, stores, and restaurants must comply with government regulations for food safety.