Introduction to Computer 10 million Supercomputer 1 million

Introduction to Computer

10 million Supercomputer 1 million Mainframe 100, 000 Cost 10, 000 Mini )US($ 1, 000 10 0 Micro Increasing system performance

��������� File Maintenance ������������������ • Edit data • Add (Insert) record • Delete record • Update data • Sort data • Search record • Select data • Reports

Communication devices CPU Control Unit Arithmetic & Logic Unit Input Unit Data Control Memory Unit Secondary storage Output Input Unit

Primary Storage Section Program Storage Input Output Area Storage Area Working Storage Area Arithmetic and Logic Unit

Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Computers accept information from outside world using its input devices. Touch screen Joystick Graphics tablet Track ball Microphone Video camera …. . .

Output Devices Monitor The information on the computer are sent to the outside world using output devices. Printer Speakers Other instruments/devices. . .

Screen Output · image is stored in video memory—VRAM. · monitor size is measured diagonally across screen. · images are made up of dots called pixels. · color depth is the amount of information per pixel. · the number of pixels affects resolution of the monitor. ·Main Types: ·CRT ·LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

Secondary Storage Peripherals with both input and output functions. This form of storage is semi-permanent. Examples include: · Magnetic tape (sequential access) · Magnetic disks (random access) ·HD: IDE, SCSI ·Floppy disks · Optical disks (CD-ROM)

Disk storage

Logical records versus physical records on a disk

CD storage format

A magnetic tape storage mechanism

One block Inter - record gap One block Record. 1 Single record block Inter - record gap One block Record. 2 Multiple record block ��������

Pulses to Outside World

Paper Output There are basically 2 types of printers - Impact printers - Line printers (set of characters) - Dot matrix printers - Non-Impact printers - Laser printers - Ink-jet printers - Plotters

�������������� 2 ���� ���. 1���� Batch (Batch Processing System(. 2���� Online (Online Processing System( -Time Sharing System -Real Time System -Multiprogramming -Multiprocessing -etc.