Healthy Hearts Heart Disease And Defects Harold P

Healthy Hearts, Heart Disease And Defects Harold P. Hoffberg EMT-P February 14, 2012

Definition of Heart Disease or CVD Anatomy Lesson Signs and Symptoms Risk factors Congenital heart defects

Heart Disease “Ailment that involves the heart and or blood vessels” Aginia/ Chest Pain Heart Failure Heart Attack Stroke Cardiac Arrest

Heart Disease § Largest cause of death worldwide § Responsible for more deaths than cancer in the United States § Approx 600, 000 people die from CVD with the majority being over age 65. § ***Affects all ages, races, and both sexes. **** § 1: 9 Death certificates stated/ mentioned Heart failure § 36% of adults reported no vigorous activity § 1 death every 39 -46 seconds § 785, 000 americans will have a new ailment § 470, 000 will have a reoccurance § 26% of women died from CVD.

Anatomy

Anatomy of Heart

Circulatory System and Vessels

Atherosclerosis vs. Arterosclerosis Both include hardening of the arteries due to plaque Restricts Blood flow and oxygen Can occur anywhere in the Body

Atherosclerosis vs. Arterosclerosis Athero: Yellow plaque containing cholesterol, lipids, and liphophages. Found in inner intima layers of large to medium sized arteries. Artereo: Pinkish plaque and found in smaller areas of arteries – Arterioles.

Anatomy

Chest Pain Signs/ Symptoms § Uncomfortable chest pain or pressure lasting more than a few minutes or goes away and comes back. § Pain of discomfort in either arm, back jaw or stomach ***** § Shortness of breath with or without discomfort § Other signs such as breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea, or lightheadedness. § Women present differently with chest pain

Heart Disese and Stroke 2 Types Block- Ischemic Bleed- Hemorragic

Risk Factors High Blood Pressure Smoking Diabetes Obesity

Heart Disease- High Blood Pressure Defined as: “ 140/ 90” 76, 400, 000 Americans dx. with HTN Equal between men and women 80% are aware they have HTN 48% are controlling it with medication or lifestyle At risk for Stroke…

Heart Disease- Smokers Toxins in Cigarettes cause atherosclerosis May contribute to CHF Contains CO- carbon monoxide which causes fatigue and chest pain Second hand smoke

Heart Disease- Diabetes Leading cause of Heart disease or CVD 2 -4 times more likely to have a stroke or CVD Relates back to HTN and obesity Coupled with smoking doubles the risk again.

Heart Disease- Obesity Was found to be large and major cluster for risk factors Leads to overweight and insulin resistance 36% of adults report no vigorous activity Increased carbohydrates, sugars and starches Increased portion sizes

Heart Disease- $$$$ cost factors $$$$ Cancer Treatment : $ 228, 000, 000 Heart Disease: $ 286, 000, 000 – $316, 000, 000 “Can we fix it- Yes we can”- Bob the Builder

Congenital Heart Defects Exist at and are usually developed before birth Affects blood flow, vessels, and Heart itself- walls valves and placement 9: 1000 adults are affected 1: 125 infants

Congenital Heart Defect – Causes Exact causes are unknown Genetics Environmental factors German Measels Viral infections Industrial solvents Medications: Thalidomide and Acutane

Congenital Heart Defects : WHAT ARE THEY ? ? ? Patent ductus arterious Septal Defects Coarctation of the Aorta Tetraology of Fallot Transposition of the great arteries Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Congenital Heart Defects – EKG’s, X-rays, echocardiograms, catherizations May or may not require treatment or surgery

References and Sources Dorland, WA. Dorlands Illustrated Medical Dictionary 28 th ed. WB sauders co. Philadelphia. 1994 Roger. VL, Go, AS, Lloyd-Jones DM et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics 2011 update- A report from the American heart assoctation. Circulation 2011. m. circ. ahajournals. org/content/123/4/e. American heart association. Date of access- Jan 31, 2012. www. cdc. gov/nchs/faststats/heart. htm Dec 12, 2011. Center for disease control. Date of access- Jan 30, 2012. www. cdc. gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/facts/docs/fs_heart_disease. pdf. Jan 2010 Center for disease control. Date of access- Jan 30, 2012. www. marchofdimes. com/baby/birthdefects_congenitalheart. html. May 2008 March of Dimes. Date of access- Jan 31, 2012 www. mayoclinic. com/health/congential-heart-defects/CC 00026. Aug 2, 2011 Mayo Clinic. Date of access- Feb 1, 2012 http: //images. search. yahoo. com/images/view. Date of Access January 29, 2012

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