EBusiness Pengantar ebusiness dan ecommerce 1 Introduction to

E-Business Pengantar e-business dan e-commerce 1

Introduction to e-business and e-commerce Learning outcomes • Mendefinisikan arti dan ruang lingkup e-bisnis dan ecommerce serta perbedaannya • Merangkum alasan utama untuk adopsi e-commerce dan e-bisnis serta hambatannya • Penggunaan sumber daya untuk menentukan tingkat adopsi internet sebagai media komunikasi bagi konsumen dan bisnis • Menguraikan tantangan bisnis untuk memperkenalkan ebisnis dan e-commerce pada sebuah organisasi. 2

Introduction to e-business and e-commerce Management issues • Bagaimana kita menjelaskan ruang lingkup dan implikasi dari e-bisnis dan e-commerce kepada karyawan? • Apa manfaat memperkenalkan e-bisnis dan apa resikonya? • Seberapa besar dampak internet pada bisnis? Bagaimana tingkat adopsi saat ini dan prediksi adopsi masa depan? 3

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Introduction to e-business and e-commerce • Reach: E-business opportunities – Lebih 1 milyar pengguna seluruh dunia – Menghubungkan jutaan produk • Richness – Informasi produk terinci pada 20 milyar lebih webpage yang terindex oleh Google. Blogs, videos, feeds… – Personalisasi pesan untuk pengguna • Affiliation – Partnership adalah kunci dalam perekonomian jaringan 5

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Introduction to e-business and e-commerce The impact of the Internet on business • Andy Grove, Chairman Intel, salah satu pengadopsi awal e-commerce, telah membuat analogi Internet. Katanya : • The Internet a typhoon force, a ten times force, or is it a bit of wind? Or is it a force that fundamentally alters our business? (Grove, 1996) 8

E-Business Perbedaan e-business dan e-commerce 9

Introduction to e-business and e-commerce What is E-commerce and E-business • E-commerce: “All electronically mediated information exchanges between an organization and its external stakeholders” – Buy side E-commerce – Sell side E-commerce • E-business: The transformation of key business processes through the use of Internet technologies (IBM, 1997) “Full integration of ICT process with all business and operations processes. ” 10

Introduction to e-business and e-commerce E-business E-Business merupakan kegiatan berbisnis di Internet yang tidak saja meliputi pembelian, penjualan dan jasa, tapi juga meliputi pelayanan pelanggan dan kerja sama dengan rekan bisnis (baik individual maupun instansi). E-Commerce Penggunaan media elektronik untuk melakukan perniagaan/perdagangan: – Telepon, fax, ATM, handphone, SMS – Banking: ATM phone banking, internet banking 11

Gambar 1. 1 Perbedaan buy-side dan sell-side e-commerce

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Introduction to e-business and e-commerce Models of E-Commerce transactions • Traditional: – B 2 C: Business to consumer – B 2 B: Business to business • New: – C 2 C: Consumer to consumer – C 2 B: Consumer to business • Also: – G 2 C: Government to consumer – G 2 B: Government to business – G 2 G: Government to government 14

Summary and examples of transaction alternatives between businesses, consumers and governmental organizations Figure 1. 2

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Contoh situs C 2 C :

Figure 1. 4 Three definitions of the relationship between e-commerce and e-business

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Intranets and extranets 20

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Introduction to e-business and e-commerce Cost/efficiency and competitiveness drivers • Cost/efficiency drivers – – Peningkatan kecepatan memperoleh bahan baku Peningkatan kecepatan pengiriman barang Mengurangi biaya penjualan dan pembelian Mengurangi biaya operasional • Competitiveness drivers – Permintaan konsumen – Perbaikan kuantitas dan kualitas layanan jasa – Menghindari kehilangan pangsa pasar bagi perusahaan yang telah menggnakan e-commerce. 23

E-Business Adopsi Bisnis pada teknologi digital untuk e-business dan e-commerce 24 24

Tangible and intangible benefits Tangible benefits Intangible benefits � Increased sales from new sales leads giving rise to increased revenue from: – new customers, new markets – existing customers (repeat-selling) – existing customers (cross-selling). � Marketing cost reductions from: – reduced time in customer service – online sales – reduced printing and distribution costs of marketing communications. � Supply-chain cost reductions from: – reduced levels of inventory – increased competition from suppliers – shorter cycle time in ordering. � Administrative cost reductions from more efficient routine business processes such as recruitment, invoice payment and holiday authorization. � Corporate image communication � Enhancement of brand � More rapid, more responsive marketing communications including PR � Faster product development lifecycle enabling faster response to market needs � Improved customer service � Learning for the future � Meeting customer expectations to have a web site � Identifying new partners, supporting existing partners better � Better management of marketing information and customer information � Feedback from customers on products

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Figure 1. 8 Adoption of Internet and e-business services across Europe Source: Eurostat, Community Survey on ICT usage in enterprises, e. Europe (2005) Information Society Benchmarking Report, © European Communities 2005, http: //europa. eu. int/information_society

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E-Business Drivers & Barriers to online technologies 32

Figure 1. 6 Attitudes to business benefits of online technologies Source: DTI (2002)

Figure 1. 9 Barriers to development of online technologies Source: DTI (2002)

Introduction to e-business and e-commerce Drivers of consumer Internet adoption Keuntungan layanan online : ‘Six Cs’ : 1 Content 2 Customization 3 Community 4 Convenience 5 Choice 6 Cost Reduction 35 35

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Introduction to e-business and e-commerce Barriers to consumer Internet adoption • • • No perceived benefit Lack of trust Security problems Lack of skills Cost 37 37

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