Eat Well Live Well with Spinal Cord Injury

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Eat Well Live Well with Spinal Cord Injury: Addressing Secondary Health Complications through Nutrition

Eat Well Live Well with Spinal Cord Injury: Addressing Secondary Health Complications through Nutrition Joanne Smith B. A. , BRT Dip. , CNP Kylie James, B. Sc. , O. T. , CNP

Common Question SCI patients asked… What are you taking?

Common Question SCI patients asked… What are you taking?

Equally important question often not asked… What are you eating?

Equally important question often not asked… What are you eating?

Bad Diet Disease

Bad Diet Disease

SCI FACTS: n n Poor diets Nutrient deficient

SCI FACTS: n n Poor diets Nutrient deficient

Common Nutrient Deficiencies n n n Vitamin A B 2 (riboflavin) B 9 (folic

Common Nutrient Deficiencies n n n Vitamin A B 2 (riboflavin) B 9 (folic acid) B 12 Vitamin D Vitamin E n n n Calcium Chromium Magnesium Zinc Fiber EFA’s

Average - 7 Secondary Health Complications a Year: n n n Constipation/ bowel obstruction

Average - 7 Secondary Health Complications a Year: n n n Constipation/ bowel obstruction Diarrhea UTI’s Obesity Pressure sores Osteoporosis n n n Arthritis Type 2 diabetes Heart disease Pain Sleep disorders Digestive dysfunction

Why Use Supplements? n n n Digestive dysfunction deceases nutrient absorption Body has an

Why Use Supplements? n n n Digestive dysfunction deceases nutrient absorption Body has an increased demand for specific nutrients to address health conditions Food alone may not be able to provide the nutrient levels required for therapeutic effect Addresses clients compliance & preference Certain medications deplete nutrients Processed foods limited in nutrients

Nutritional Protocols

Nutritional Protocols

Weight Gain

Weight Gain

SCI FACTS: n n n One of the most common secondary health complications 65%

SCI FACTS: n n n One of the most common secondary health complications 65% of people with SCI are overweight - 1/3 rd obese Contributes to other health issues: Type 2 diabetes = CVD/reduced life expectancy = Joint problems and pain = High blood pressure/stress on kidneys = Hormonal imbalances =

Client Case: n n n 50 years old C 5 -6 -7 incomplete quadriplegic

Client Case: n n n 50 years old C 5 -6 -7 incomplete quadriplegic 3 yrs. post injury = Gained 40 lbs post injury = Developed pressure sore on coccyx

1. Increase Protein n Necessary for hormone production involved in weight loss Does not

1. Increase Protein n Necessary for hormone production involved in weight loss Does not raise insulin Helps curb appetite Healthy Sources n Fish n Chicken/turkey n Nuts/seeds n Legumes/lentils

2. Reduce Refined Carbohydrates n n Helps balance blood sugar levels Improves insulin sensitivity

2. Reduce Refined Carbohydrates n n Helps balance blood sugar levels Improves insulin sensitivity = SCI associated with glucose intolerance & insulin resistance Healthy low GI complex carbohydrates n Wild/brown rice n Vegetables n Quinoa n Legumes/lentils

3. Eat Good Fats n n n Increases metabolic rate Helps curb cravings Helps

3. Eat Good Fats n n n Increases metabolic rate Helps curb cravings Helps suppress appetite Healthy sources n Oily fish n Nuts/seeds n Eggs n Olives/oil n Avocado

4. Increase Fiber n n Helps slow release of glucose/decreases risk of insulin resistance

4. Increase Fiber n n Helps slow release of glucose/decreases risk of insulin resistance Helps to feel full faster Helps rid the body of toxins Calorie-free Healthy sources n Fruits/vegetables n Oats n Legumes/lentils

5. Boost Metabolism n Helps thermogenic foods that help stimulate metabolism Healthy sources n

5. Boost Metabolism n Helps thermogenic foods that help stimulate metabolism Healthy sources n Hot peppers n Green tea n Apples/apple cider vinegar n Brussels sprouts/broccoli n Celery n Berries

6. Chromium n Helps improve insulin sensitivity Healthy sources n Whole grains n Tomatoes

6. Chromium n Helps improve insulin sensitivity Healthy sources n Whole grains n Tomatoes n Onions n Broccoli Supplement dose n 200 -400 mcg/day

Outcome

Outcome

n n n Lost 40 lbs in 20 weeks n In conjunction with working

n n n Lost 40 lbs in 20 weeks n In conjunction with working out 2 hours a day (arm bike & body weight support treadmill) 5 x/week Increased energy Increased self-esteem

Pressure Sores

Pressure Sores

SCI FACTS: n n n 85 -95% risk of developing Risk increases with time

SCI FACTS: n n n 85 -95% risk of developing Risk increases with time since injury Accounts for high number of re-hospitalizations Can be life-threatening Contributes to other health issues: = Infection/osteomyelitis = Fatigue

Client Case: n n n 47 years old C 4 -5 incomplete quadriplegic 25

Client Case: n n n 47 years old C 4 -5 incomplete quadriplegic 25 yrs. post injury = Developed 1 st sore = At 9 months- stage 4 sore on sacrum – required surgery for infection = Post-surgery healing - rate of 5% every two weeks

1. Increase Calories n n To meet increased energy and protein needs required for

1. Increase Calories n n To meet increased energy and protein needs required for healing 30 -35 calories per kg of body weight Healthy sources n Nut butters n Dried fruits/juices n Avocados n Whole grains n Coconut milk

2. Increase Protein n n Essential for growth and repair of new tissues 1.

2. Increase Protein n n Essential for growth and repair of new tissues 1. 2 -1. 5 grams of protein per kg of body weight Healthy sources n Fish n Beef/poultry n Quinoa/beans/lentils n Nuts/seeds n Protein powders/smoothies

3. Take Vitamins A, C, E & zinc n Supports collagen production & stimulates

3. Take Vitamins A, C, E & zinc n Supports collagen production & stimulates immune system Increase foods rich in these vitamins n Yellow & orange vegetables/sweet potato n Broccoli, red & green peppers n Sunflower seeds, olives/oil n Pumpkin seeds, yogurt Supplements n Vitamin A (5000 IU/d) n Vitamin C (3000 mg/d) n Vitamin E (400 -800 IU/day) n Zinc (50 -100 mg/day)

4. Drink 8 cups Fluids/day n n n Helps skin wounds heal more quickly

4. Drink 8 cups Fluids/day n n n Helps skin wounds heal more quickly Carries important repair substances Eliminates wastes/toxins

5. Eat Healthy Fats n n Required for proper cell production Helps maintain skin

5. Eat Healthy Fats n n Required for proper cell production Helps maintain skin integrity and elasticity Healthy Sources n Fish/fish oils n Walnuts n Flax seeds

6. Take Amino Acid Supplements n Supports skin wounds Supplements n Glutamine (5 -40

6. Take Amino Acid Supplements n Supports skin wounds Supplements n Glutamine (5 -40 grams/day) n Lysine (3000 mg/day) n Proline (2000 mg/day)

Outcome

Outcome

n n Healing time increased from 5% to 10% every 2 weeks Wound completely

n n Healing time increased from 5% to 10% every 2 weeks Wound completely healed in 6 months

Nutrition is… n n n An integral part of rehabilitation process Important for helping

Nutrition is… n n n An integral part of rehabilitation process Important for helping prevent and reduce secondary health complications Key in optimizing long term health & well-being So what are you eating?

www. eatwelllivewellwithsci. com kylie@korunutrition. com 416. 562. 1344 fruitfulelements@gmail. com 416. 992. 2927

www. eatwelllivewellwithsci. com kylie@korunutrition. com 416. 562. 1344 fruitfulelements@gmail. com 416. 992. 2927