Charge Spot Group 20 Ryan Johnson Theophilus Essandoh

Charge Spot Group 20 Ryan Johnson Theophilus Essandoh Emelio Watson

Introduction • Increased push for wireless technology • Autonomous Charging System for residential use • Resonant frequency charging system

Goals and Objectives • Design and implement a wireless charging system • No physical connectivity between the car and system • User friendly with very little user interaction • System Shuts down automatically when battery is fully charged • A fail safe manual over ride shutdown switch • Receiving coil must be properly concealed and not interfere with the normal safe operation of the vehicle • Visual guidance system for proper alignment

Specifications • Car detected 15 Ft minimum from control panel • Proximity sensor range 5 Ft. minimum • Copper coils less than 2 lbs. each • Measure and display battery temperature to within + 1°C accuracy • Charge current greater than 3 Amps • Battery 12 V 18 AH • Oscillator resonant frequency > 500 k. Hz • Battery fully charged within 8 Hrs • Efficiency > 40%

Why We Chose Magnetic Resonance Inductive Coupling • Requires more power • Coils must be properly aligned for maximum efficiency • Shorter range Magnetic Resonance Inductive Coupling

PARTS

Microcontrollers • Easy to use/implement • Cheap (including development board) • 18 pin minimum of programmable I/O • 5 pins on Car System • 2 Digital, 3 Analog • 18 pin on Ground System • 16 Digital, 0 Analog

Microcontrollers • TI MSP 430 / Launchpad (Code Composer) • 128 KB memory, 63 pins, 1. 8 V-3. 5 V • ATMega 328 p / Arduino Uno (Atmel Studio or Arduino IDE) • 32 KB memory, 23 pins, 4. 5 V-5. 5 V • ATXMega 64 / STK 600 (Atmel Studio) • 64 KB memory, 34 pins, 1. 6 -3. 5 V

Microcontrollers • TI MSP 430 / Launchpad (Code Composer) • 128 KB memory, 63 pins, 1. 8 V-3. 5 V • ATMega 328 p / Arduino Uno (Atmel Studio or Arduino IDE) • 32 KB memory, 23 pins, 4. 5 V-5. 5 V • ATXMega 64 / STK 600 (Atmel Studio) • 64 KB memory, 34 pins, 1. 6 -3. 5 V

LED 7 -segment • The largest and cheapest we can find • At least 3 characters ( ##°C ) • Kingbright BC 56 -12 SRWA

LED Bar Display • Big enough to read from a distance • 8 bars (for simple 4: 16 decoder implementation) • At least 2 LEDs per bar (5 mm green/red)

Temperature Sensor • Touching Sensor (Thermistors) • Non-touching Sensor (Infrared, Laser) • Range of 0 C – 99 C (for battery reading) • Optimal battery operating range (-25 C to 30 C) • GE ZTP-115 M

Motion Sensor (PIR) • Range >15 ft • Low current consumption • ROKONET PIR • HC SR 501

Motion Sensor (PIR) • Range >15 ft • Low current consumption • ROKONET PIR • HC SR 501

Proximity Sensor • Either Infrared, Ultrasonic, Laser • Ideal range of 60 in • Sharp IR Distance Sensor (Left) • Sain. Smart Ultrasonic Ranging Detector (Right)

Proximity Sensor • Either Infrared, Ultrasonic, Laser • Ideal range of 60 in • Sharp IR Distance Sensor (Left) • Sain. Smart Ultrasonic Ranging Detector (Right)

Wireless Communication • XBee Series 1 (1 m. W antenna) • 300 ft max range (clear condition) • Easy sync and communication between 2 XBees • 3. 3 VDC

Charge Controller • 6 V, 12 V and 24 V • Life span optimized • Overvoltage protection • Monitored battery performance • BTY 79 ØSilicon- controlled rectifier ØOperating Temperature 0 C to 125 C Ø Reverse- blocking Thyristors

Charge Controller

Vehicle and Battery • Power wheel, golf cart or go-cart • Price range <$150 • 12 V 18 AH Battery

Power Supply and Distribution

Oscillator Circuit • Initially Colpitts • Chose ZVS since it handles more power • Stronger Magnetic field

Coils • Flat spiral chosen over cylindrical design • Made of 10 AWG Copper wire • Approx. 12 inches in diameter • Covered with Plexiglas for safety

DESIGNS

Car System – Block Diagram

Ground System – Block Diagram

Car System - Schematics

Ground System - Schematics

Ground System – LED Displays

Ground System – LED Displays

Ground System – LED Displays

Logic Flow – Car System

Logic Flow – Ground System

Logic Flow – Ground System

PCB/ Assembly • 4 PCB • Price • Turn-around Time • Eagle files completed by March 1 • Ground System MCU Board • Microcontroller, XBEE, LED circuitry • Ground System Power Supply Board • Power Distribution, Oscillator • Car Systems Board • Microcontroller, XBEE, Power Distribution, Charge Controller

Budget/Finance Component Metal Box Proximity Sensor Motion Sensor LED Displays Kill Switch Fan Power Distributor Charge Controller Vehicle/Battery Temperature Sensor Microcontroller Wireless Module Oscillator Wires, Conduit, and Mounting Services TOTAL Cost $5. 00 $22. 95 $0. 00 $26. 95 $5. 38 $0. 00 $54. 03 $32. 63 $119. 99 Budget $30. 00 $10. 00 $30. 00 $5. 00 $30. 00 $150. 00 Difference $25. 00 ($12. 95) $10. 00 $3. 05 ($0. 38) $5. 00 ($24. 03) ($2. 63) $30. 01 $11. 88 $29. 39 $45. 90 $8. 82 $20. 00 $30. 00 $8. 12 ($9. 39) ($25. 90) $21. 18 $43. 32 $51. 94 $458. 18 $60. 00 $150. 00 $600. 00 $16. 68 $98. 06 $141. 82

Progress 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 90% Research Design 70% Parts Acquisition 80% 50% Programming Testing Overall 100% 30% 50%

Progress • Acquired and tested power supply • Most sensors tested and programed • Built and tested coils • Most parts ordered • Working Prototype by March 1 st • Finalized design by April 1 st

Responsibilities Emelio Ryan Theo Power Distribution x Oscillation Circuitry x Coils/Winding x Charge Controller x Wireless Communication x Motion/Proximity Sensors x Temperature Sensor x Microcontrollers x LED Displays x Prototype Construction x Schematics/PCB x Programming x Budget x

Project Issues • Learning the PCB software • Maintaining fixed coil dimensions • Measure battery capacity while charging

QUESTIONS?