Unity Sectionalism 2 The Growth of Sectionalism John

Unity & Sectionalism (2)

The Growth of Sectionalism • John C Calhoun was a planter from South Carolina. • He was one of the War Hawks that called for War with Britain in 1812.

The Growth of Sectionalism • Calhoun favored support for internal improvements and developing industry as well as gaining backing for the creation of a national bank. • He thought these programs would benefit the South.

The Growth of Sectionalism • In the 1820’s John C. Calhoun’s view began to change and emerged a chief supporter State Sovereignty. • State Sovereignty- the idea that states have autonomous power. (acting independently or having the freedom to do so. )

The Growth of Sectionalism • Calhoun then reversed his support for high tariffs. • He argued the tariffs raised the prices on manufactured goods that they could not produce for themselves.

The Growth of Sectionalism • Daniel Webster was first elected to congress in 1812 from New Hampshire. • Webster would later represent Massachusetts in the Senate & the House.

The Growth of Sectionalism • Webster began his career as a supporter of free trade & the shipping interests of New England. • Webster would later support the Tariff of 1816 - which would protect American Interests from foreign competition.

The Growth of Sectionalism • Webster supported policies that he thought would strengthen the North. • Webster also gained fame as one of the great orators of his day.

The Growth of Sectionalism • Henry Clay was another War Hawk from Kentucky. • He would become Speaker of the House in 1811 & a leader who would represent interests of the West.

The Growth of Sectionalism • Henry Clay was also on the delegation that negotiated the Treaty of Ghent ending the War of 1812. • Clay would become the leader known for trying to resolve sectional disputes through compromise.

Missouri Compromise • Sectional tension increased over the issue of admitting new states. • The problem stemmed from slavery. • The South wanted Missouri, part of the Louisiana Purchase, admitted as a slave state.

Missouri Compromise • Northerners wanted Missouri to be a free state. • The issue became a subject of debate throughout the country. • This exposed regional divisions that would poison national politics into the 1850’s and 1860’s.

Missouri Compromise • While Congress was considering Missouri for statehood, Maine, then a part of Massachusetts, applied for statehood.

Missouri Compromise • Statehood expanded to include Maine in the conversation. • Those watching the arguments in Congress feared for the stability & future of the Union.

Missouri Compromise • Henry Clay would work out a compromise that preserved a balance between the North & South.

Missouri Compromise • The Missouri Compromise of 1820 provided for the admission of Missouri as a slave state. • It also provided for admission of Maine as a free state.

Missouri Compromise • The Missouri Compromise banned slavery in the remainder of the Louisiana Territory, North of the 3630 N Parallel.