Determine which word goes with which map Sectionalism

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Determine which word goes with which map Sectionalism: loyalty to the interests of one's

Determine which word goes with which map Sectionalism: loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole Sectionalism Nationalism: a form of patriotism based upon the identification of a group of individuals with a nation

Based on our previous lesson, what was one factor causing sectionalism in the United

Based on our previous lesson, what was one factor causing sectionalism in the United States? Pro-slavery supporters and anti-slavery supporters Other areas included: • the growth of industry in the North and the development of an agricultural society in the South; • transportation improvements in the North and the West and lack of transportation improvements in the South.

Can sectionalism be a good thing? Explain. Can sectionalism be a bad thing? Explain.

Can sectionalism be a good thing? Explain. Can sectionalism be a bad thing? Explain. Thinking about the definition, what are some examples of sectionalism in our world today? • Loyalty to one’s country – America is the best • Loyalty to one’s state – Texans love Texas • Loyalty to one’s city – Fort Worth is better than Dallas • Loyalty to a political party - in recent presidential elections, the East coast tends to vote Democrat while the South tends to vote Republican

Causes of the Civil War 1820 - 1860

Causes of the Civil War 1820 - 1860

THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820) http: //www. germantown. k 12. il. us/html/compro. html • There

THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820) http: //www. germantown. k 12. il. us/html/compro. html • There was a great debate over where slavery would be allowed and where it would not. A debate occurred and finally a compromise was reached. It stated: 1. ) Missouri entered as a slave state 2. ) Maine entered as a free state. 3. ) The 36’ 30’’ line is drawn. This line was suppose to decide whether slavery would be allowed in certain territories or not. • This compromise was effective for a number of years – almost thirty! However, after about 1850, problems began to occur and the compromise was less and less effective.

WILMOT PROVISO (1846) • This was a plan presented by David Wilmot, a Congressman

WILMOT PROVISO (1846) • This was a plan presented by David Wilmot, a Congressman from Pennsylvania, to stop the spread of slavery into the territories won from Mexico. • His plan PASSED the House but FAILED in the Senate. • His plan showed the power of the North. • His plan also made the South suspicious of the North’s intentions. http: //www. wyalusing. net/poi/davidwilmot. html

FREE SOIL PARTY (1848) encarta. msn. com/media http: //www. wyalusing. net/poi/davidwilmot. html • This

FREE SOIL PARTY (1848) encarta. msn. com/media http: //www. wyalusing. net/poi/davidwilmot. html • This was a NEW political party formed in Buffalo, New York. • It was formed by Northerners who wanted to DISCUSS the issue of slavery. • This was the FIRST party formed that was a “sectional party” and they picked Martin Van Buren as their first candidate for President. • “Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor, and Free Men” • Endorsed the Wilmot Proviso

COMPROMISE OF 1850 • • Ø Ø COMPROMISE AGAIN! This time it includes 5

COMPROMISE OF 1850 • • Ø Ø COMPROMISE AGAIN! This time it includes 5 parts! 1. ) California enters as a FREE state. 2. ) Area from Mexican Cession divided into Utah and New Mexico. Slavery issue to be decided by POPULAR SOVEREIGNTRY. Ø 3. ) ENDED slave trade in Washington D. C. Ø 4. ) Made a STRICT Fugitive Slave Law Ø 5. ) Settled boarder problems between New Mexico and Texas. http: //encarta. msn. com/media_461525447_761556943_ -_1/Painting_of_a_Slave_Auction. html • Again, problems better for a short period of time and then became worse.

FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW (1850) http: //search. eb. com/blackhistory /micro/222/8. html • This law was

FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW (1850) http: //search. eb. com/blackhistory /micro/222/8. html • This law was part of the compromise of 1850. • It was a law that REQUIRED citizens to catch runaway slaves. • If a person did not comply, they cold be fined up to $1000 or put in jail for SIX months. • Judges received $10 if they returned a slave and $5 if they freed them. • MANY blacks who were free were captured and sent back into slavery. • Northerners HATED this law because it forced them to become a part of the system of slavery.

UNCLE TOM’S CABIN (1852) • This was a NOVEL written by Harriett Beecher Stowe.

UNCLE TOM’S CABIN (1852) • This was a NOVEL written by Harriett Beecher Stowe. • It was written to show the EVILS of slavery by telling the story of an older slave who was whipped to death by his owner. http: //www. uwm. edu/Library/speci al/exhibits/clastext/clspg 150. htm • After reading it, MANY Northerners began to change their view of slavery. • Southerners said the book was full of LIES!

KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT (1854) Democratic senator Stephen A. Douglas of • Illinois sponsored this bill.

KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT (1854) Democratic senator Stephen A. Douglas of • Illinois sponsored this bill. Divides lands into Kansas and Nebraska territories. • Decided that SLAVERY issue would be decided by POPULAR SOVREIGNTY. • Led to violence in the Senate. Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner. • Pro-slavery and Anti-slavery settlers in ONE AREA and this leads to conflict! • Northerners believe this REPEALS the Missouri Compromise. http: //encarta. msn. com/media • Bleeding Kansas – Gov. John Geary sends out 1, 300 federal troops to stop violence

POTTAWATOMIE CREEK KILLINGS (1856) • Because of the violence going on in Kansas, John

POTTAWATOMIE CREEK KILLINGS (1856) • Because of the violence going on in Kansas, John Brown and four of his sons, decide to take the law into their own hands. • They ride into a small town named Pottawatomie Creek and pull five pro-slavery men out of their beds in the middle of the night. • The men are murdered. John Brown believes he is doing what “GOD has told him to do”. http: //encarta. msn. com/media • Many Northerners, while they don’t believe in slavery, are appalled at what he did.

DRED SCOTT DECISION (1857) • • http: //encarta. msn. com/media • • Dred Scott

DRED SCOTT DECISION (1857) • • http: //encarta. msn. com/media • • Dred Scott was a slave. He had lived in a free territory with his owner. His owner moved back into a slave state. While there, the owner died. Scott had ABOLITIONIST attorneys file a law suit for him. It went to the Supreme Court but he LOST. The Court ruled he was NOT a citizen but RATHER property and therefore he could not file a lawsuit. Also, they ruled that Congress could NOT ban slavery in any of the territories. This REPEALED the Missouri Compromise. Southerners LOVED the ruling while Northerners HATED it. It meant slavery could spread into all the territories!

LINCOLN-DOUGLASS DEBATE (1858) • Lincoln and Douglas debated! • Douglass believed in deciding slavery

LINCOLN-DOUGLASS DEBATE (1858) • Lincoln and Douglas debated! • Douglass believed in deciding slavery by popular sovereignty. • Lincoln believed that slavery should NOT be allowed to spread into the territories. • Lincoln ALSO believed the Nation could not survive if the fighting continued to rip the Union apart with the slavery issue. http: //encarta. msn. com/media

RAID ON HARPER’S FERRY (1859) • John Brown was at it again! • This

RAID ON HARPER’S FERRY (1859) • John Brown was at it again! • This time, he led five blacks and thirteen whites into Harper’s Ferry. • They planned to raid an arsenal and start a slave revolt. • Problem: No slaves “rose” to help. • A number of his men died and Brown was arrested by Robert E. Lee. • Brown was tried and found guilty of murder and treason. He was later hanged. • Some Northerners thought of him as a “Martyr” (someone who dies for his beliefs. ) http: //www. pbs. org/wgbh/amex/brown/peopleevents/pande 09. html

ELECTION OF 1860 http: //www. multied. com/elections/1860. html • Lincoln ran against Douglass in

ELECTION OF 1860 http: //www. multied. com/elections/1860. html • Lincoln ran against Douglass in the Presidential Election of 1860. • The Southern states did not like Lincoln or what he believed in. They overwhelmingly supported Douglass yet Lincoln STILL got elected. • Southerners grew very angry. Said this showed it did not matter what their opinions were, the North had to much power! • Many Southerners talked of SECEDING from the Union.

Election of 1860 Candidate Party Electoral Votes Popular Votes Abraham Lincoln Republican 180 1,

Election of 1860 Candidate Party Electoral Votes Popular Votes Abraham Lincoln Republican 180 1, 866, 452 72 847, 953 39 592, 906 12 1, 382, 713 John C. Breckinridge John Bell Stephen A. Douglas Democratic (South) Constitutional Union Democratic (North) • What does secession mean? • Why were Southerners upset about the election of Lincoln to the office of President? • Did Lincoln (as President) have the power to end slavery throughout the U. S. ?

Southerners worried that Lincoln would not only try to end slavery in Southern states.

Southerners worried that Lincoln would not only try to end slavery in Southern states. They also were afraid that they would lose their voice in government. Because of these reasons, many Southerners believed that the South should secede, or break away from the Union. On November 10, 1860, four days after the election, the legislature in South Carolina became the first of the Southern congresses to call for a convention to consider secession. Meeting in Charleston on December 20, the convention passed unanimously the first ordinance of secession, which stated, We, the people of the State of South Carolina in convention assembled, do declare and ordain. . . that the Union now subsisting between South Carolina and other States, under the name of 'the United States of America, ' is hereby dissolved, making South Carolina a free and independent country. In within weeks, eleven states would secede from the Union.

Order of Secession State Date of Secession South Carolina Mississippi Florida Alabama Georgia Louisiana

Order of Secession State Date of Secession South Carolina Mississippi Florida Alabama Georgia Louisiana Texas Virginia Arkansas North Carolina Tennessee December 20, 1860 January 9, 1861 January 10, 1861 January 11, 1861 January 19, 1861 January 26, 1861 February 1, 1861 April 17, 1861 May 6, 1861 May 20, 1861 June 8, 1861 • Did South Carolina (or any state) have the right to declare themselves “a free and independent country? ” • Why do you think Texas seceded on February 1, 1861?

The South Secedes • December 20, 1860 - South Carolina voted to succeed from

The South Secedes • December 20, 1860 - South Carolina voted to succeed from the Union. • Senator John Crittenden(Kentucky) ties to extend the Missouri Compromise line to the West. (Fails) • February 1861 - Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. • February 4 th, 1861 Montgomery, Alabama the Confederate States of America is formed. • Jefferson Davis - Selected to a 6 year term as President of the United States. (State Rights)

Attack on Fort Sumter • The Confederate forces start to seize Federal Forts. •

Attack on Fort Sumter • The Confederate forces start to seize Federal Forts. • April 12, 1861 - The attack begins in Charleston Harbor at 4: 30 A. M. • P. G. T. Beauregard leads the attack against Robert Anderson. • Anderson is forced to surrender the Fort. (Yankee Doodle) April 14 th, 1861 • Daniel Hough - Is the first man to die in the Civil War. • Union Flag is re-raised on April 14, 1865.

Lincoln Calls For Volunteers • After news of the attack and capture of Ft.

Lincoln Calls For Volunteers • After news of the attack and capture of Ft. Sumter Lincoln Calls for 75, 000 volunteers. • Many people North and South rush out to volunteer for military service. • Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas vote to join the Confederacy. • The Civil War officially had begun.

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY! • POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY – A VOTE where the people decide on an

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY! • POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY – A VOTE where the people decide on an issue. (I. E. – slavery) COMPROMISE – An agreement reached between two sides where both sides have to “give up” something, .

MORE VOCAB. • ABOLITIONIST – A person who works to bring an end to

MORE VOCAB. • ABOLITIONIST – A person who works to bring an end to or believes in NO slavery. Often they try and help slaves to freedom. /encarta. msn. com/media • SECTIONALISM – The belief that your part of the country is the BEST. You put your part of the country’s needs in front of what is best for the WHOLE nation.

MORE VOCAB. • FUGITIVE – A person who has gone against or broken the

MORE VOCAB. • FUGITIVE – A person who has gone against or broken the law and is on the loose. • SECEDE To remove or break away as the Southern states did from the Union.

LAST TWO! • ARSENAL – A warehouse that stores guns and ammunition. • MARTYR

LAST TWO! • ARSENAL – A warehouse that stores guns and ammunition. • MARTYR – A person who is willing to die for their beliefs. I. E. – John Brown

Classwork: Cheers and Jeers Cheer and are short paragraphs with a hook that either

Classwork: Cheers and Jeers Cheer and are short paragraphs with a hook that either congratulates or disses someone or something for something they did • write a CHEER and a Jeer for both the North and the South this means that you will have 2 Cheers and 2 Jeers (1 Cheer & Jeer for the North and 1 Cheer & Jeer for the South)