Unit 3 Grammar and usage Apposition 1 Apposition

Unit 3 Grammar and usage Apposition (1) 板块：教学设计—课件

Apposition What is an apposition? Definition: a construction in which a noun or noun phrase or a cause is placed with another as an explanatory equivalent, both having the same syntactic relation to the other elements in the sentence.

a word Apposition group of words clause

E. g. My friend, Jennifer , will be off to London next month. This film, The Promise, has been very popular recently. We have no doubt that he is qualified for the job.

How is apposition used? 1. We use a comma before and after the second phrase when it adds more information. e. g. The flag, the simple design of red over white, has a long history that dates back to the 13 th century.

2. We do not use a comma before and after the second phrase when it explains what the first one is. E. g. The colours red, white and blue used on the flag are a visual reminder of the motto of the Revolution---liberty, equality and fraternity.

3. We sometimes use apposition to emphasize our ideas. E. g. We love our flag, our unique flag. Playing basketball, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.

Practise Point out all the phrases in apposition in the following sentences. 1. Do you know the man, the one with dark glasses? 2. The Great Wall, one of the wonders in the world, attracts a large number of foreign friends. 3. This is Mr. Wang, head teacher of our class.

4. Tomorrow we will visit Shanghai, the largest city in China. 5. You three come and sit here. 6. He is applying for a job teaching maths. 7. People , old and young, went out to the street to watch the parade. 8. She seemed different from us all.

Read the passage about British traditions in Part A on page 41 and find out all the phrases in apposition in pairs. Answers: 1. the British Queen, Elizabeth Ⅱ 2. Horse Guards Parade, the entrance to the Royal Palace 3. the closet Saturday to 12 June, the day when her birthday is officially celebrated 4. a very colorful event, one that has become an institution for celebrating the King or Queen’s birthday since 1805 5. Buckingham Palace, the Queen’s home in London

4. A noun clause after a noun can also be a form of apposition. e. g. The news that France had a successful revolution had a big effect on many other countries, particularly those in Europe. The fact that some countries use the same colours on their flags can mean they share similar beliefs.

5. There are some other nouns used in apposition, such as doubt, answer, reply, question, thought, suggestion, word, idea, possibility, order, fact , news and so on. 1. There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down in China. 2. We received an answer from the boss that our holidays will begin from this Friday. 3. We were all excited by his reply that he thought we were the best.

4. His thought that computers will soon recognize human voices surprises many people at the conference. 5. I’ve just got word that my friend john will come this week. 6. His suggestion that all the children should go to school is accepted. 7. The possibility that man will land on the moon is often discussed.

6. We can use apposition to join two sentences together. The team has won the game. Everyone in the city is excited by the news that the team has won the game.

Practise Combine the following sentences using correct clauses in apposition.

1. Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet. / _______ The fact ____________________ worries their parents and teachers a lot. The fact that two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. 2. The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in _______________________ China. / We heard _____ the news last night. ______ We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.

3. Teenagers should not spend too much time _____________________ online. / Many British parents hold the view. _______ Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time online. 4. Time travel is possible. / There is no scientific __________ proof for ____ the idea. There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.

5. Chinese students should be given more free time. / _______________________________ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, ______ especially kids in school. The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.

Finish Part B individually. Answers: 1. I’m very confused by the idea that red can mean revolution in France and a considerate nature in Indonesia. 2. I have to ask someone from Indonesia to find out about theory that Indonesia people think red represents sugar. 3. It is a fact that I have done a lot of research. 4. I don’t think that it is a problem that the information I have found is all in English. 5. I’m so delighted by the news that there is going to be a speech about color.

Homework 1. Review the grammar apposition. 2. 2. Finish C 1 and C 2 on page 120 of the workbook.

Thank you