DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Unit 5 The bare infinitive 5. 1 Introduction 5. 2 When it is used Grammar Practice Part A Part B Language Practice Part A Part C Part D Part E Part B http: //www. aristo. com. hk 1

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage 5. 1 Not all infinitives are preceded by ‘to’. Those that are not are commonly known as ‘bare infinitives’. Teacher’s notes She may come tomorrow. Compare: She wishes to come tomorrow. P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 2

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage 5. 2 When it is used Situation Examples after the auxiliary verb do She does want to come to the party. He doesn’t have her mobile phone number. He didn’t enjoy his lunch. after modal auxiliary verbs Amy will show us how to get e. g. can/could, may/might, there. must, will/would, shall/ You can go with us if you like. should, need (not), dare (not), etc. P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 4

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Situation Examples after verbs of perception One of the witnesses saw the robbers run out of the bank. e. g. see, watch, notice, hear, listen, feel, smell, etc. In the passive, the infinitive after these verbs takes to. The robbers were seen to run out of the bank. P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 5

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Situation Examples after verbs that take the form verb + object + bare infinitive e. g. let, make, have, etc. Let him come in now. His description made the story sound believable. The passive of make is followed by a to-infinitive. I was made to pay full price because I forgot my concession card. P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 6

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Situation Examples after had better, would rather, cannot (help) but and can/could do nothing but You had better see a doctor at once. after why not (to introduce questions/suggestions) Why not come to the library with me? I would rather take the MTR. P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 7

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage In Unit 4, we noted that the infinitive can appear in different forms. One of these is the perfect form, which shows that an action took place earlier than the action of the main verb. This form is often used with must, can’t, may, might, should, needn’t, seem, appear, etc. for past actions or states. Note that after these modals, the perfect form (must have gone, may have shown, etc. ) does not take to. P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 8

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage This is John’s umbrella. He may have been here in the morning. (= I think that he was here in the morning. ) You look tired. You must have gone to bed late last night. (= I’m sure that you went to bed late last night. ) You’ve broken the vase. You should have been more careful. (= You were not careful/You were careless. ) P. 38 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 9

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Grammar Practice Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. The first one has been done for you. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 10

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 1 Grammar & Usage make I’m sorry I couldn’t ________ (make) it to your birthday party last night. 2 wash You needn’t ________ (wash) the dishes. I’ll do them later. 3 feel We cannot help but ________ (feel) sorry for him. 4 to go ‘Would you like ________ (go) on a walk? ’ she asked. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 11

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 5 Grammar & Usage try ‘Please let me ________ (try)’, the boy said to his brother. 6 leave Betty has gone home. I saw her _________ (leave) at 6. 15 p. m. 7 take Why not ________ (take) a bus? 8 leave It’s late. We’d better ________ (leave) now. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 12

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 9 Grammar & Usage to tell He wrote ________ (tell) us that he was coming to Hong Kong for Christmas. not to feed 10 The zoo-keeper warned the visitors _________ (not/feed) the zoo animals. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 13

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Some of the underlined words in the following sentences are incorrect. Write the correction above the word(s). If the sentence is correct, put a ‘ ’ at the end of the sentence. The first two have been done for you. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 14

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage 1 I tried, but I couldn’t fix the broken chair. 2 feel The news made us felt sad. 3 stay It’s very hot. I’d rather stayed at home. 4 come They didn’t see her came in. 5 I’ve heard her tell the story before. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 15

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage 6 fly They watched the helicopter flew over the hill. 7 know Did they knew you were there last night? 8 ‘You may be right, ’ he said. 9 have I invited John to have had dinner with us that evening. 10 The forecast for today is sunny. We needn’t take an umbrella when we go out. P. 39 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 16

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Complete the following conversation by choosing appropriate verbs from the box and using them in their correct form. You can use the verbs more than once. The Teacher’s notes first one has been done for you. P. 40 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 17

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Ann Morning, Bob. Nice (1) you again. Bob And you! Hey, before I forget, have (1) to see ______ you finished the book Tony lent you? Ann You mean The Da Vinci Code? No, I haven’t even started (2) it. Bob to read/ reading (2) ______ Ah, well Tony asked if he could have it back by the end of this week. P. 40 BOX http: //www. aristo. com. hk 19

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Ann No problem. I’ll (3) it on Saturday. Bob Seriously? That book is more (3) return ______ (4) finish ______ than 600 pages long! Can you really (4) it in just a couple of days? Ann Probably. Bob Why don’t you ask Tony (5) you (6) the (5) to let ______ book for a few more days. I’m sure he (6) borrow ______ won’t (7) mind ______ P. 40 BOX http: //www. aristo. com. hk 21

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Ann Grammar & Usage I’ll (8) how I get on. By the way, did (8) see ______ you (9) your uncle and aunt to Lam (9) take ______ (10) to throw ______ Tsuen yesterday? Bob Yes, but they were a bit disappointed because no one was allowed (10) paper wishes and oranges into the Wishing Tree. P. 40 BOX http: //www. aristo. com. hk 23

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Ann Grammar & Usage The ban was put in place (11) the tree. (11) to protect ______ Anyway, I’d better (12) now. My (12) go ______ (13) to help ______ grandma’s coming to dinner and I promised (13) prepare the meal. See you! P. 40 BOX http: //www. aristo. com. hk 25

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Rewrite the sentences below following the instructions given in brackets. The first one has been done for you. P. 41 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 27

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 1 Grammar & Usage It’s not necessary for you to collect the prize in person. (Begin with the given words. ) collect the prize in person. You needn’t ___________________________________________ 2 Mr Lee had to give up his job because of his health. (Use could do nothing but. ) could do nothing but give up his job Mr Lee _____________________ because of his health. ________________________ P. 41 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 28

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 3 Grammar & Usage Her mother wouldn’t let her go camping with us. (Use allow. ) wouldn’t allow her to go camping with Her mother ___________________ us. ________________________ 4 He didn’t pass his driving test. (Use failed. ) failed his driving test. He ________________________________________________ P. 41 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 29

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 5 Grammar & Usage People are advised to wear masks if they have a cough. (Use should. ) should wear masks if they have a cough. People ________________________________________________ 6 What caused the flowers to die? (Use made. ) made the flowers die? What ________________________________________________ P. 41 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 30

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 7 Grammar & Usage We’re sure he’ll be back by next Thursday. (Begin with the given words. ) to be back by next Thursday. He’s expected __________________________________________ 8 I’m afraid I can’t go to your party tomorrow. (Use able. ) won’t be able to go to your party I’m afraid I ___________________ tomorrow. ________________________ P. 41 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 31

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 9 Grammar & Usage She is scared to ask. (Use dare. ) dare not ask. She ________________________________________________ 10 More people may leave because of the district’s increasing noise pollution. (Use might. ) might leave because of the district’s More people ___________________ increasing noise pollution. ________________________ P. 41 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 32

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Some of the following sentences contain mistakes. Correct any mistakes using the following: P. 42 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 33

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage incorrect word/form - underline the incorrect word, then write the correct form of the word above it missing word - mark the position of the missing word with a ‘^’ sign, then write the missing word above it extra word - put a cross ‘ ’ on the word you wish to cross out no mistake - put a tick ‘ ’ at the end of each sentence P. 42 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 34

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage The first four have been completed as examples. 1 know He didn’t knew you liked it. 2 to I’m sorry hear your brother has lost his job. ^ 3 Do you think he will let us to try? 4 I don’t want you to be unhappy. P. 42 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 35

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage to 5 You are not allowed bring dogs into the park. ^ 6 How did you manage to persuade her to come? change 7 ‘What made her changed her mind? ’ he asked. be 8 Will you been a little more considerate and turn down your music? 9 Did she agree to help us? P. 42 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 36

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage 10 You need not to worry about us. been 11 Catherine should have be more careful. 12 ‘Should I change into trains at North Point? ’ the man asked. been 13 The temple is said to have built hundreds of years ago. ^ to 14 They don’t allow residents keep pets. ^ P. 42 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 37

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Language Practice Complete the following sentences using your own words. The first one has been done for you. P. 43 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 38

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 1 Grammar & Usage to have been here half an You’re late. You ought ___________ hour ago. 2 Today’s Air Pollution Index is very high. People with stay indoors respiratory problems should ___________. 3 She told you her secret because she trusted you. You have told anyone else/other people. shouldn’t ___________________ 4 get some rest You look tired. You’d better ___________. P. 43 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 39

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive 5 Grammar & Usage were I’m sorry I turned off the TV. I didn’t know you _____ watching it __________. 6 help you carry it That box looks heavy. Let me ___________. 7 to get Melinda likes her new school. She seems _______ along well _________ with her classmates. 8 ‘Where will you stay when you go to Shanghai? ’ ‘I might stay at a youth hostel/hotel but I’m not sure yet. ’ ______________ P. 43 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 40

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Read the following news report, then fill in each blank in Jennifer’s diary with a suitable word. Make sure your answers are grammatically correct. The first one has been done for you. Teacher’s notes P. 43 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 41

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage R ecent tests conducted by the Consumer Council have shown that 50 out of the 73 packaged foods tested contained excessive salt. Ten items contained two or three times the recommended amounts. The World Health Organisation advises people to consume no more than 5 g of salt (about a teaspoonful), or 2, 000 mg of sodium, each day. Eating too much salt can lead to high blood pressure, strokes and heart disease. ‘Consumers should read the labels on food packaging to make sure items do not contain too much salt, ’ Dr Ng, chairman of the Council’s Publicity and Community Relations Committee, warned. P. 43 http: //www. aristo. com. hk 43

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage Feb 16 I was shocked to (1) from today’s newspaper (1) learn ______ that most of my favourite snacks (2) too much (2) contain/have ______ eat/have salt. Even the cereal that I (3) for breakfast is not (3) ______ within safe limits. P. 44 NEWS REPORT http: //www. aristo. com. hk 44

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage I’m not sure what is safe to (4) now. We have (5) scares about (6) chicken, fish, pork and beef. The only remaining that seems (7) to eat is tofu. The only problem is I don’t particularly (8) (4) eat ______ (5) ______ had (6) eating ______ (7) safe ______ (8) ______ like it! P. 44 NEWS REPORT http: //www. aristo. com. hk 46

DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Unit 5 The bare infinitive Grammar & Usage I (9) to Belinda on the phone this evening. (9) spoke/talked ______ ‘Let’s not (10) too much, ’ she said. ‘Just eat a (10) worry ______ balanced diet and (11) plenty of exercise. Your (11) take/get/do ______ health (12) improve, and you will be able to (12) will ______ (13) ______ enjoy (14) be ______ (13) life!’ Belinda might (14) right after all. P. 44 NEWS REPORT http: //www. aristo. com. hk 48