The World Leader in High Performance Signal Processing

The World Leader in High Performance Signal Processing Solutions Personal Digital Notepad October 24, 2007

Project Guides Group Members Dr. (Mrs. ) P. P. Warnekar Ø Mr. Sandip Kothari, Analog Devices Inc. Ø Mr. Akshay Mishra, Tata Teleservices Ø Ø 2 Srinath Iyer (34) Ø Harsh Parekh (52) Ø Siddhartha Gupta (29) Ø Pratik Maheshwari (41)

Aim of the project To design a handheld device having a touch screen interface to be used for scribbling notes 3

Agenda A. Introduction • 5 Processor P’s • u. Clinux Benefits B. Steps Involved C. Hardware and Software Requirements D. Detailed Process E. Application Example and Uses F. References 4

5 Processor P’s u u. Clinux 2. 6. 12 kernel Open Source Development Tools (gcc, gdb, kgdb, oprofile) Thousands of Open Source Applications u ns i u g en P u er ls Performance u u 5 Target, Toolchain, and kernel u hera u 10/100 Enet MAC UART High Speed Serial Ports Drivers for External: l Various Codecs l ADC, DAC (SPI) l Compact Flash (IDE, 802. 11 b) l IDE (Hard Drive, CDROM, DVD) l NOR, NAND Flash (YAFFS, JFFS 2) l Pow u Pr ice p Peri u u $4. 95 @ 10 k units for BF 531 $200 for complete Open Source Development Suite Up to 600 MHz: 992. 87 Bogo. MIPS @ 500 MHz u 265 m. W Core, 600 MHz @ 1. 2 V u. Clinux Power Management Drivers, for Dynamic voltage/clock control

What’s so special about u. Clinux? u u u u u 6 Source code freely available No runtime licenses Robust and reliable Modular, configurable, scalable Superb support for networking and Internet Supports a large number of devices, file systems, and networking protocols Large pool of skilled developers and documentation Upgrades and new features are constantly being added, tested and refined by a large community of programmers and users Large number of applications and tools exist which require little to no porting effort Portable

Embedded Linux Porting the Linux kernel to run on a particular CPU and board which to be used in an embedded device (cell phones, PDAs, other consumer electronics) u u. Clinux u One type of Embedded Linux, “Microcontroller Linux” u Derivative of the Linux kernel for processors without an MMU u u. Clinux kernel tree maintained at: www. uclinux. org u Blackfin port maintained at: http: //www. blackfin. uclinux. org u Considerations l The Blackfin Processor does not have a full-fledged MMU. (Virtual Memory Management) u u u 7 / Trade-offs: Normally Unix uses the MMU to allocate different physical memory areas to identical virtual memory addresses. u. Clinux removes the MMU requirement by implementing a flat memory model (a 1 -to-1 virtual-to-physical mapping) The key feature of u. Clinux is the ability to look and feel almost like a MMU-based system.

Components of an Open Source System u. Clinux Kernel Release 2. 6. 12 gcc release 3. 4. 4 Binutils release 2. 15 Serial or Ethernet Source Code u. Clinux Kernel Standard Apps Code Generation Tool Compiler (gcc) Assembler (gas) Binutils Custom Apps 8 Linker (ld) Apps debugger (gdb) JTAG kernel debugger (gdb)

Hardware and Software Requirement • Hardware u The BF-561 EZ-Evaluation kit u ADI-HPPCI-ICE (JTAG Emulator) u 6” Touchscreen u 6” Television set • Software u Unix based Operating System (Fedora Core) u Qtopia Core Version 4. 3. 2 u Visual. DSP++5. 0 (IDE) 9

The BF-561 Evaluation Kit 10

Why BF 531? u Application deals with complex image processing of high resolution. Hence, need for a DSP Processor u Arm 9 and Freescale i. MX 1 series is not appropriate u BF 531 is the cheapest low end DSP Processor from Analog Devices u Support 11 from Analog Devices Inc

Steps Involved u Develop a basic paint application using Qtopia Core V- 4. 3. 2 (a popular open source platform for application development on handheld devices) u Testing the application with a u. CLinux kernel on the BF-561 EZ Evaluation Kit u Design 12 a hardware schematic for the handheld device

Detailed Process u STEP 1 -> APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT l Use Qtopia Core 4. 3. 2, a Linux based application development software to develop a minimalistic scribble application l Three options: - File, Options, Help l Image is to be saved with *. png or *. jpeg extension l No 13 Handwriting Recognition used!

SCRIBBLE APPLICATION SCREENSHOT 14

Detailed Process u Step l Set 2 -> Testing the application on evaluation board up development host with Linux (Fedora Core 5) l Install ADI-PCI JTAG Emulator and load VDSP++ l Connect the EZ-LITE board to the emulator using JTAG Cable l Test the EZ-LITE board using VDSP++ l Install GNU Linux Toolchain for Blackfin on development host l Compile Das U-Boot (Bootloader) using GNU Toolchain l Port U-Boot onto the target board using VDSP++ and JTAG l Setup a TFTP server for Serial Port communication with the target l Load and Configure the u. CLinux Kernel on the host l Port the kernel to the target using U-Boot through the TFTP Server 15

Detailed Process u Step 2 -> Testing the application on evaluation board l Configure the kernel for the BF 561 EZ-LITE board l Cross-compile the application using GNU Toolchain l Use the TFTP server to port the application to the target l Reset the board and run the application. l Connect a 6” BW Television to the VIDEO OUT of the board l Place a touchscreen on the Television and connect it to the USB port of the board l Test the application using the touchscreen 16

Detailed Process u Step 3 -> Optimizing the application u Step 4 -> Designing the product’s hardware schematic involving - 17 1. Flash Memory 2. LCD & Touchscreen Controller 3. USB OTG 4. Power Management Unit

Applications of Notepad u Can be used for note taking in classrooms u Eliminates the need for notebooks for students and teachers u Perfect solution for press reporters and journalists u Facility to “read-back” your notes u Facility to transfer notes to your computer back home u Digital Laboratory Log book u Technologies 18 like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi can be incorporated at a later stage

REFERENCES u http: //www. analog. com u http: //www. blackfin. uclinux. org u http: //doc. trolltech. com/ u http: //docs. blackfin. uclinux. org u http: //www. freertos. org u http: //www. qtforum. org u http: //www. maxim-ic. com/appnotes. cfm/appnote_number/1822 u http: //www. freeelectron. com u Embedded u BF 561 Linux, Dr. Chris Hollabaugh EZ-KIT Evaluation Manual Rev 3. 0 u HPPCI Emulators Users Guide u VDSP++ Loader Manual 19

Thank You 20