The Carnegie Supernova Program Zwicky Symposium Saturday January

The Carnegie Supernova Program Zwicky Symposium Saturday, January 17, 2004 Carnegie Observatories

Type Ia Supernovae for Cosmology Advantages: • small dispersion • single objects (simpler than galaxies) • can be observed over wide z range Challenges: • dust (grey dust) • chemical composition • evolution • photometric calibration • environmental differences

Carnegie Supernova Project • Infrared observations of Type Ia & II supernovae • High and low z (0 < z < 0. 8) • I-band Hubble diagram : improved constraints on w CSP co. I’s: Gaston Folatelli Wendy Freedman Mario Hamuy Barry Madore Nidia Morell Eric Persson Mark Phillips Nick Suntzeff Pamela Wyatt Ray Carlberg (CFHT Legacy) Alex Filippenko, Weidong Li (KAIT) Nick Suntzeff (ESSENCE)

Carnegie Supernova Project Why an I-band Hubble diagram? • Advantages: - dust - chemical composition - low dispersion => reduce systematics

Barris et al. (2003) unbinned (median)

Overview of Carnegie Supernova Project Low z: Swope 1 -meter (C 40) u’BVr’i’ CCD photometry • YJH IR array • RAPID SWITCHING (< 15 min) • C 40 9 month campaigns over 5 years • densely sampled (every 2 nd night) photometry • SNIa and SNII

Overview of Carnegie Supernova Project Dupont 2. 5 -meter • u’BVr’i’ CCD photometry • YJH IR array • spectroscopy • densely sampled photometry and spectroscopy 0 < z < 0. 2 • well-determined k-corrections • SNIa and SNII

Overview of Carnegie Supernova Project High z: Magellan 6. 5 -meter • RIYJ photometry • Magellan spectroscopy • ~200 nights over 5 years • ~200 SNIa • 0. 2 < z < 0. 8

Overview of Carnegie Supernova Project Swope 1 -meter (C 40) Low z: Dupont 2. 5 -meter Magellan 6. 5 -meter High z: • u’BVr’I’YJH photometry • Dupont spectroscopy • r’i’YJ photometry • Magellan spectroscopy • C 40 9 month campaigns over 5 years • densely sampled photometry and spectroscopy 0 < z < 0. 2 • SNIa and SNII • ~200 nights over 5 years • ~200 SNIa • 0. 2 < z < 0. 8

Carnegie Supernova Project Goals: • minimize systematics • accurate reddenings, K-corrections • H 0 (H-band observations for Cepheids + SNIa) • WL • peculiar flows • physics of SNI and II Magellan

Carnegie Supernova Project Nearby supernovae: • ~30 observed to date • UBVRIJHK light curves • excellent sampling Krisciunas et al. (2002) SN 2001 el

Carnegie Supernova Project • decline rate versus magnitude • BVIH • H-band promising as distance indicator Mark Phillips et al.

Carnegie Supernova Project Log velocity (km/sec) H-band Hubble diagram Distance Modulus (mag) Krisciunas et al.

Ongoing Supernova Searches High z: CFHT Legacy Survey : • ugriz light curves • CFHT Mega. Cam • 2000 SN over 5 years • 0. 1 < z < 1 ESSENCE : • VRI light curves • CTIO 4 m Mosaic Imager • 200 SN over 5 years • 0. 15 < z < 0. 75 Low z: LOTOSS (KAIT) : • UBVRI light curves • Lick • 0 < z < ~0. 15 SN Factory: • spectophotometry, UH • 3200 – 10000 Ao • NEAT, Palomar • ***E. g. , redshifts posted on web within 2 days!!!!!

CFHT Legacy Survey : Success! CFHT Legacy candidates: September 03 • finding ~ 15 SN 1 a per month • generally finding ~ 2 mag before peak • collaboration with Carlberg et al. • followup SN 1 a 0. 2 < z < 0. 8 at RIYJ

CFHT Legacy Survey : Success! CFHT Legacy candidates: September 03 REFERENCE DIFFERENCE • Try to catch supernovae on the rise for followup. • IAB ~ 22 – 25 mag

Followup Spectroscopy: ESSENCE & CFHTLS • VLT • Gemini • Magellan e. g. : SNIa • SN Ia spectrum • z = 0. 54 • t = 20 min • VLT FORSI

PANIC: Magellan 6. 5 -meter IR Imager Antennae • 1024 x 1024 array • 1 – 2. 5 micron imager • 2’ x 2’ FOV • 0. 125 “/pixel PANIC: Eric Persson

PANIC: Magellan IR Imager • 35 nights of Magellan time • November 03 through March 04 • optical r’I’ imaging • near-IR YJ imaging • optical spectroscopy

IMACS: Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph • 2 cameras • f/4 : 15’ FOV • f/2 : 30’ FOV • 8192 x 8192 CCD array Alan Dressler, Bruce Bigelow • • • installed August, 2003 Followup spectroscopy RI photometry

Magellan SNIa Observations z ID I-mag Discovery 0. 20 e 132. wcc 1_7 21. 3 Essence 0. 30 d 149. wcc 4_11 19. 5 Essence 0. 30 e 108. wdd 8_4 21. 8 Essence 0. 55 c 031022 -02 23. 0 Legacy 0. 69 c 031217_23 23. 9 Legacy

First Magellan PANIC Images November 3, 2003 J-band Y-band ESSENCE SNIa : z = 0. 33 (d 149) 36 -minute dithered exposures

First Magellan PANIC Images November 3, 2003 J-band CFHT SNIa : z = 0. 55 (1022) 36 -minute dithered exposures (total exposures 2 hours per filter) Y-band Stay tuned…