Supercomputers Miljan Ili IV5 What is Supercomputer A

Supercomputers Miljan Ilić IV/5

What is Supercomputer? A supercomputer is a computer with great speed and memory. This kind of computer can do jobs faster than any other computer of its generation. They are usually thousands of times faster than ordinary personal computers made at that time.

Hisotry Supercomputers were introduced in the 1960 s and were designed by Seymour Cray at Control Data Corporation (CDC), which led the market into the 1970 s until Cray left to form his own company, Cray Research. He then took the supercomputer market with his new designs, holding the top spot in supercomputing for five years (1985– 1990). Today, supercomputers are typically designs and produced by traditional companies such as Cray.

First Supercomputer CD-6600

Measurement of Speed Supercomputers speed are measured in floating point operations per second (FLOPS) in units of : Megaflops (MFLOPS) Gigaflops (GFLOPS) Teraflops (TFLOPS)

Why do we need supercomputers? Used for solving high calculation and intensive tasks like: Weather forecasting Analysis of data and information Astronomical Observation Integrate design of engineering products For solving large input scientific calculations and advanced scientific problems.

What Are –Multi-Processor Computers? A multi- processor computers has two or more CPU’s The CPU shares the different parts of computers like memory, disk system, bus etc. Each processor is capable of running different program simultaneously(true multi-tasking)

Operating System Most supercomputers run on a Linux or Unix operating system, as these operating systems are extremely flexible, stable, and efficient. Supercomputers typically have multiple processors and a variety of other technological tricks to ensure that they run smoothly.

Supercomputer Challenges Generates large amount of heat. The speed of data transfer will limit the super computer’s performance. Supercomputer’s consume and produce massive amount of data in a very short period of time.

World Fastest Supercomputer Oak Ride “Jaguar”

Advantages of Jaguar High speed(1. 759 Petaflop) Great performance High data transfer rate(284 GB/s) High system memory(362 TB)

Disadvatages of Jaguar Required large area Very costly($19. 5 million) Required more electricity Large number of chips(37, 376 chips)

Conclusion Supercomputing has played, and continues to play, an essential role in national security and in scientific discovery. The ability to address important scientific and engineering challenges depends on continued investments in supercomputing. Moreover, the increasing size and complexity of new applications will require the continued evolution of supercomputing for the foreseeable future.

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