Routing in IPv 6 Static Routing RIP EIGRP

Routing in IPv 6 Static Routing RIP EIGRP OSPF Routing in IPv 6

RIP for IPv 6 Routing in IPv 6

RIP for IPv 6 Overview l l l IPv 6 RIP functions the same and offers the same benefits as RIP in IPv 4. RIP enhancements for IPv 6, detailed in RFC 2080, include support for IPv 6 addresses and prefixes, and the use of the all-RIP-routers multicast group address FF 02: : 9 as the destination address for RIP update messages. New commands specific to RIP in IPv 6 were also added to the Cisco IOS command-line interface (CLI). Each IPv 6 RIP process maintains a local routing table - Routing Information Database (RIB). The IPv 6 RIP RIB contains a set of best-cost IPv 6 RIP routes learned from all its neighboring networking devices. If IPv 6 RIP learns the same route from two different neighbors, but with different costs, it will store only the lowest cost route in the local RIB. The RIB also stores any expired routes that the RIP process is advertising to its neighbors running RIP. IPv 6 RIP will try to insert every non-expired route from its local RIB into the master IPv 6 RIB. If the same route has been learned from a different routing protocol with a better administrative distance than IPv 6 RIP, the RIP route will not be added to the IPv 6 RIB but the RIP route will still exist in the IPv 6 RIP RIB. Routing in IPv 6 3

Implementing RIP for IPv 6 l Three Steps: l l l Create the routing process Enable the routing process on interfaces Customize the routing protocol for your particular network. Routing in IPv 6 4

Step 1. Enabling IPv 6 RIP l l Before configuring the router to run IPv 6 RIP, globally enable IPv 6 using the ipv 6 unicastrouting global configuration command, and enable IPv 6 on any interfaces on which IPv 6 RIP is to be enabled. STEPS 1. 2. 3. 4. enable configure terminal interface type number ipv 6 rip name enable Routing in IPv 6 5

Step 2. Customizing IPv 6 RIP Command or Action Purpose lipv 6 l. Configures an IPv 6 RIP routing process and router rip word l. Router(config)# ipv 6 router rip cisco enters router configuration mode for the IPv 6 RIP routing process. l. Use the word argument to identify a specific IPv 6 RIP routing process. number-paths l(Optional) Defines the maximum number of equal -cost routes that IPv 6 RIP can support. l. Router(config-router)# l. The number-paths argument is an integer from 1 maximum-paths 1 lmaximum-paths to 64. The default for RIP is four paths. lipv 6 rip name default-information {only | originate} [metricvalue] l. Router(config-if)# ipv 6 rip cisco default-information originate (Optional) Originates the IPv 6 default route (: : /0) into the specified RIP routing process updates sent out of the specified interface. Routing in IPv 6 6

Verifying IPv 6 RIP Configuration and Operation l l A user may want to check IPv 6 RIP configuration and operation. Some of the following scenarios may occur for which a user can then enable the following show and debug commands: l l "Why isn't a certain route appearing in my IPv 6 routing table? " "Am I receiving routes via RIP? " "Is a certain route being filtered? " "Someone at a route site told me that I am not advertising a certain route. True? " Routing in IPv 6 7

Verifying IPv 6 RIP Configuration and Operation Command or Action Purpose lshow ipv 6 rip [name] [database | next-hops] l. Router> show ipv 6 rip cisco database l(Optional) Displays information about lshow ipv 6 route [ipv 6 -address | ipv 6 prefix/prefix-length | protocol | interfacetype interface-number] l. Router> show ipv 6 route rip l(Optional) Displays the current contents of ldebug l(Optional) Displays debugging ipv 6 rip [interface-type interface-number] l. Router# debug ipv 6 rip current IPv 6 RIP processes. l. In this example, IPv 6 RIP process database information is displayed for the specified IPv 6 RIP process. the IPv 6 routing table. l. In this example, only IPv 6 RIP routes are displayed. messages for IPv 6 RIP routing transactions. Routing in IPv 6 8

show ipv 6 rip Command: Example Router> show ipv 6 rip RIP process "cisco", port 521, multicast-group FF 02: : 9, pid 62 Administrative distance is 120. Maximum paths is 1 Updates every 5 seconds, expire after 15 Holddown lasts 10 seconds, garbage collect after 30 Split horizon is on; poison reverse is off Default routes are generated Periodic updates 223, trigger updates 1 Interfaces: Ethernet 0/0 Redistribution: Redistributing protocol bgp 65001 route-map bgp-to-rip Routing in IPv 6 9

show ipv 6 rip Command: Example l l Output information about a specified IPv 6 RIP process database is displayed using the show ipv 6 rip command with the name argument and the database keyword. In the following output for the IPv 6 RIP process named cisco, timer information is displayed, and route 2001: 0 db 8: : 16/64 has a route tag set: Router> show ipv 6 rip cisco database RIP process "cisco", local RIB 2001: 0 db 8: : /64, metric 2 Ethernet 0/0/FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: B 00, expires in 13 secs 2001: 0 db 8: : /16, metric 2 tag 4, installed Ethernet 0/0/FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: B 00, expires in 13 secs 2001: 0 db 8: 1: : /16, metric 2 tag 4, installed Ethernet 0/0/FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: B 00, expires in 13 secs 2001: 0 db 8: 2: : /16, metric 2 tag 4, installed Ethernet 0/0/FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: B 00, expires in 13 secs : : /0, metric 2, installed Ethernet 0/0/FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: B 00, expires in 13 secs Routing in IPv 6 10

show ipv 6 route Command: Example Router> show ipv 6 route rip IPv 6 Routing Table - 17 entries Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route I 1 - ISIS L 1, I 2 - ISIS L 2, IA - ISIS interarea O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE 1 - OSPF ext 1, OE 2 - OSPF ext 2 R 2001: 0 db 8: 1: : /32 [120/2] via FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: A 00, Ethernet 0/0 R 2001: 0 db 8: 2: : /32 [120/2] via FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: A 00, Ethernet 0/0 R 2001: 0 db 8: 3: : /32 [120/2] via FE 80: : A 8 BB: CCFF: FE 00: A 00, Ethernet 0/0 Routing in IPv 6 11

Configuration Examples for IPv 6 RIP ipv 6 router rip cisco maximum-paths 1 redistribute bgp 65001 route-map bgp-to-rip distribute-list prefix-list eth 0/0 -in-flt in Ethernet 0/0 ! interface Ethernet 0/0 ipv 6 address 2001: 0 db 8: : /64 eui-64 ipv 6 rip cisco enable ipv 6 rip cisco default-information originate ! ipv 6 prefix-list bgp-to-rip-flt seq 10 deny 2001: 0 db 8: 3: : /16 le 128 ipv 6 prefix-list bgp-to-rip-flt seq 20 permit 2001: 0 db 8: 1: : /8 le 128 ! ipv 6 prefix-list eth 0/0 -in-flt seq 10 deny : : /0 ipv 6 prefix-list eth 0/0 -in-flt seq 15 permit : : /0 le 128 ! route-map bgp-to-rip permit 10 match ipv 6 address prefix-list bgp-to-rip-flt set tag 4 Routing in IPv 6 12

Enabling RIPng in Router 3 with the Advertisement of the Default Route Routing in IPv 6 13

EIGRP for IPv 6 Routing in IPv 6

EIGRP for IPv 6 Overview l l l EIGRP for IPv 6 is directly configured on the interfaces over which it runs. This feature allows EIGRP for IPv 6 to be configured without the use of a global IPv 6 address. There is no network statement in EIGRP for IPv 6. In per-interface configuration at system startup, if EIGRP has been configured on an interface, then the EIGRP protocol may start running before any EIGRP router mode commands have been executed. An EIGRP for IPv 6 protocol instance requires a router ID before it can start running. EIGRP for IPv 6 has a shutdown feature. The routing process should be in "no shutdown" mode in order to start running. When a user uses passive-interface configuration, EIGRP for IPv 6 does not need to be configured on the interface that is made passive. EIGRP for IPv 6 provides route filtering using the distribute-list prefixlist command. Use of the route-map command is not supported for route filtering with a distribute list. Routing in IPv 6 15

Implementing EIGRP for IPv 6 l l l l Enabling EIGRP for IPv 6 on an Interface Configuring the Percentage of Link Bandwidth Used Configuring Summary Aggregate Addresses Configuring EIGRP Route Authentication Adjusting the Interval Between Hello Packets in EIGRP for IPv 6 Adjusting the Hold Time in EIGRP for IPv 6 Customizing an EIGRP for IPv 6 Routing Process Monitoring and Maintaining EIGRP Routing in IPv 6 16

Enabling EIGRP for IPv 6 on an Interface Command or Action Purpose ipv 6 unicast-routing Router(config)# ipv 6 unicast-routing Enables the forwarding of IPv 6 unicast datagrams. ipv 6 enable Router(config-if)# ipv 6 enable Enables IPv 6 processing on an interface that has not been configured with an explicit IPv 6 address. ipv 6 eigrp as-number Router(config-if)# ipv 6 eigrp 1 Enables EIGRP for IPv 6 on a specified interface. ipv 6 router eigrp as-number Router(config)# ipv 6 router eigrp 1 Enters router configuration mode and creates an EIGRP for IPv 6 routing process. router-id {ip-address | ipv 6 -address} Router(config-router)# router-id 10. 1. 1. 1 Enables the use of a fixed router ID. Routing in IPv 6 17

Configuring the Percentage of Link Bandwidth Used By default, EIGRP packets consume a maximum of 50 percent of the link bandwidth, as configured with the bandwidth interface configuration command. STEPS l l 1. 2. 3. interface type number bandwidth {kbps | inherit [kbps]} ipv 6 bandwidth-percent eigrp as-number percent Routing in IPv 6 18

Configuring Summary Aggregate Addresses Steps: l 1. 2. interface type number ipv 6 summary-address eigrp as-number ipv 6 address [admin-distance] l l Router(config)# interface Fast. Ethernet 0/ 0 Router(config-if)# ipv 6 summary-address eigrp 1 2001: 0 DB 8: 0: 1: : /64 Routing in IPv 6 19

Configuring EIGRP Route Authentication - Overview l l EIGRP route authentication provides Message Digest 5 (MD 5) authentication of routing updates from the EIGRP routing protocol. The MD 5 keyed digest in each EIGRP packet prevents the introduction of unauthorized or false routing messages from unapproved sources. Each key has its own key identifier, which is stored locally. The combination of the key identifier and the interface associated with the message uniquely identifies the authentication algorithm and MD 5 authentication key in use. Routing in IPv 6 20

Configuring EIGRP Route Authentication l interface type number ipv 6 authentication mode eigrp as-number md 5 ipv 6 authentication key-chain eigrp as-number key-chain exit key chain name-of-chain key-id key-string text accept-lifetime start-time {infinite | end-time | duration seconds} send-lifetime start-time {infinite | end-time | duration seconds} l Example: l l l l l Router(config)# interface Fast. Ethernet 0/0 l Router(config-if)# ipv 6 authentication mode eigrp 1 md 5 Router(config-if)# ipv 6 authentication key-chain eigrp 1 chain 1 Router(config-if)# exit Router(config)# key chain 1 Router(config-keychain)# key 1 Router(config-keychain-key)# key-string chain 1 Router(config-keychain-key)# accept-lifetime 14: 30: 00 Jan 10 2006 duration 7200 Router(config-keychain-key)# send-lifetime 15: 00 Jan 10 2006 duration 3600 l l l l Routing in IPv 6 21

Monitoring and Maintaining EIGRP l Use of clear and debug commands helps users monitor and maintain their EIGRP for IPv 6 environments. l Deleting Entries from EIGRP for IPv 6 Routing Tables l l clear ipv 6 eigrp [as-number] [neighbor [ipv 6 -address | interface-type interface-number]] Router# clear ipv 6 eigrp neighbor 3 FEE: 12 E 1: 2 AC 1: EA 32 Routing in IPv 6 22

Adjusting the Interval Between Hello Packets in EIGRP for IPv 6 l l l l Routing devices periodically send hello packets to each other to dynamically learn of other routers on their directly attached networks. This information is used to discover neighbors and to learn when neighbors become unreachable or inoperative. By default, hello packets are sent every 5 seconds. The exception is on low-speed, nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) media, where the default hello interval is 60 seconds. Low speed is considered to be a rate of T 1 or slower, as specified with the bandwidth interface command. The hold time is advertised in hello packets and indicates to neighbors the length of time they should consider the sender valid. The default hold time is three times the hello interval, or 15 seconds. For slow-speed NBMA networks, the default hold time is 180 seconds. Routing in IPv 6 23

Adjusting the Interval Between Hello Packets in EIGRP for IPv 6 l l interface type number ipv 6 hello-interval eigrp as-number seconds l l Router(config)# interface Fast. Ethernet 0/0 Router(config)# ipv 6 hello-interval eigrp 1 10 Routing in IPv 6 24

Adjusting the Hold Time in EIGRP for IPv 6 l l On very congested and large networks, the default hold time might not be sufficient time for all routers to receive hello packets from their neighbors. In this case, you may want to increase the hold time. l ipv 6 hold-time eigrp as-number seconds l Router(config-if)# ipv 6 hold-time eigrp 1 40 Routing in IPv 6 25

Customizing an EIGRP for IPv 6 Routing Process l l After you have enabled EIGRP for IPv 6 on a specific interface, you can configure an EIGRP for IPv 6 routing process. The following optional tasks provide information on how to configure an EIGRP for IPv 6 routing process to suit your needs: l Logging EIGRP Neighbor Adjacency Changes l Configuring Intervals Between Neighbor Warnings Routing in IPv 6 26

Logging EIGRP Neighbor Adjacency Changes l l l You can enable the logging of neighbor adjacency changes to monitor the stability of the routing system and to help you detect problems. By default, adjacency changes are not logged. Use the following task to enable such logging: l l l interface type number ipv 6 router eigrp as-number log-neighbor-changes l Router(config)# interface Fast. Ethernet 0/0 l Router(config-if)# ipv 6 router eigrp 1 l Router(config-router)# log-neighbor-changes Routing in IPv 6 27

Configuring Intervals Between Neighbor Warnings l l When neighbor warning messages occur, they are logged by default. Use the following task to configure the interval between neighbor warning messages. l l l interface type number ipv 6 router eigrp as-number log-neighbor-warnings [seconds] l Router(config)# interface Fast. Ethernet 0/0 l Router(config-if)# ipv 6 router eigrp 1 l Router(config-router)# log-neighbor-warnings 300 Routing in IPv 6 28

Debugging Commands to Troubleshoot an EIGRP for IPv 6 Environment l l l debug eigrp fsm debug eigrp neighbor [siatimer] [static] debug eigrp packet debug eigrp transmit [ack] [build] [detail] [link] [packetize] [peerdown] [sia] [startup] [strange] debug ipv 6 eigrp [as-number] [neighbor ipv 6 -address | notification | summary] Routing in IPv 6 29

Configuring EIGRP to Establish Adjacencies on an Interface ipv 6 unicast-routing interface e 0 ipv 6 enable ipv 6 eigrp 1 no shutdown ! ipv 6 router eigrp 1 router-id 10. 1. 1. 1 no shutdown Routing in IPv 6 30