Plant Vs Animal Cells The Cell Living Smallest

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Plant Vs Animal Cells

Plant Vs Animal Cells

The Cell § Living § Smallest unit of life

The Cell § Living § Smallest unit of life

History § Anton von Leewenhoek § First person to observe and describe microscopic organisms

History § Anton von Leewenhoek § First person to observe and describe microscopic organisms and living cells § Robert Hooke § Coined the term “cell” due to appearance of what he saw when looking at cork. § Robert Brown § Discovered the Nucleus

History § Matthias Schleiden § Botanist § Concluded that all plants are composed of

History § Matthias Schleiden § Botanist § Concluded that all plants are composed of cells § Theodor Schwann § Zoologist § Concluded that animals are made up of cells § Proposed a cellular basis for all life § Rudof Virchow § Concluded that every cell only comes from already existing cells

Cell Theory § All living things are composed of one or more cells (Schleiden)

Cell Theory § All living things are composed of one or more cells (Schleiden) § Cells are the smallest units of life (Schwann) § New cells come only from reproduction of existing cells (Virchow)

Cell Size § Majority are minute § 1 inch contains about 500 average sized

Cell Size § Majority are minute § 1 inch contains about 500 average sized cells § Largest cell in the body = Female Egg § Pear Tree § Leaf = 50 million cells § Roots + Stems + Branches + Leaves + Fruit = More than 15 trillion

Surface to Volume Ratio Surface area = 96 mm 2 Volume = 64 mm

Surface to Volume Ratio Surface area = 96 mm 2 Volume = 64 mm 3

Cell Shape § Variety § Shape depends on its function

Cell Shape § Variety § Shape depends on its function

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic § Prokaryotic § Lacks nucleus § No organelles develop § Bacteria

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic § Prokaryotic § Lacks nucleus § No organelles develop § Bacteria § Eukaryotic § Contains nucleus

Prokaryotic Cell

Prokaryotic Cell

Eukaryotic Cells A B

Eukaryotic Cells A B

Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Cells

Structural Organization & Function § Plasma Membrane § Separate interior and anterior of cell

Structural Organization & Function § Plasma Membrane § Separate interior and anterior of cell § Bilayer = two layers of lipids § Nucleus § Localizing DNA § Cytoplasm § Everything between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Major Organelles & their Function(s) § Nucleus § Localizing DNA § Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Major Organelles & their Function(s) § Nucleus § Localizing DNA § Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) § Synthesizing lipid § Golgi Bodies § Sorting and shipping proteins & lipids § Mitochondria § Efficiently producing ATP § Various Vesicles § Transporting, sorting, digesting

Non-membranous structures and Function(s) § Ribosomes § Site of protein synthesis § Cytoskeleton §

Non-membranous structures and Function(s) § Ribosomes § Site of protein synthesis § Cytoskeleton § Maintains cell structure § Organizes and moves organelles

Plant vs Animal Cell § Plant Cell § Cell Wall § Chloroplast § Central

Plant vs Animal Cell § Plant Cell § Cell Wall § Chloroplast § Central Vacuole (Larger) § Animal Cell § Centrioles § Vital to cell division § Lysosomes § Digestion

Cell Wall § Only present in plant cells § Two types § Primary §

Cell Wall § Only present in plant cells § Two types § Primary § Just outside the cell membrane § Secondary § Forms between the primary cell wall and the cell membrane § Tough and woody § Cells are “dead”

Cell Junctions § Membrane components that project into adjoining cells and into the surrounding

Cell Junctions § Membrane components that project into adjoining cells and into the surrounding medium § Plants = Plasmodesmata § Channel interconnects neighboring cytoplasm to exchange substance between the cells in plants

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