Nuclear Energy Recall Recall Energy transformations come in

Nuclear Energy

Recall:

Recall: • Energy transformations come in two main types

Recall: • Energy transformations come in two main types • Energy type energy type (e. g. kinetic potential)

Recall: • Energy transformations come in two main types • Energy type energy type (e. g. kinetic potential) • Energy Mass

Recall: • Energy transformations come in two main types • Energy type energy type (e. g. kinetic potential) • Mass Energy For the rest of the unit, this is the energy transformation we are referring to

Nuclear energy • Energy transformations come in two main types • Energy type energy type (e. g. kinetic potential) • Mass Energy Nuclear energy, on the other hand, comes from transforming mass into energy

Nuclear energy • Nuclear energy is produced through nuclear reactions

Nuclear energy • Nuclear energy is produced through nuclear reactions • Nuclear reactions are very different from chemical reactions

Nuclear energy • Nuclear energy is produced through nuclear reactions • Nuclear reactions are very different from chemical reactions • Chemical reactions:

Nuclear energy • Nuclear energy is produced through nuclear reactions • Nuclear reactions are very different from chemical reactions • Chemical reactions: • Atoms are rearranged

Nuclear energy • Nuclear energy is produced through nuclear reactions • Nuclear reactions are very different from chemical reactions • Chemical reactions: • Atoms are rearranged • Bonds are broken/formed

Nuclear energy • Nuclear energy is produced through nuclear reactions • Nuclear reactions are very different from chemical reactions • Chemical reactions: • Atoms are rearranged • Bonds are broken/formed • The number and type of atoms at the beginning of the reaction are the same at the end

Nuclear energy •

Nuclear energy •

Nuclear energy •

Nuclear energy •

Nuclear energy •

Nuclear reactions • Nuclear energy can be created through two types of nuclear reactions • Fission • Fusion

Nuclear reactions • Nuclear energy can be created through two types of nuclear reactions • Fission: breaking apart a large atom into several small atoms, releasing energy • Fusion

Nuclear reactions • Nuclear energy can be created through two types of nuclear reactions • Fission: breaking apart a large atom into several small atoms, releasing energy • Fusion: combining two small atoms to form one larger atom, releasing energy

Fission reactions • When a large atom is split into two or more smaller atoms, releasing energy

Fission reactions • When a large atom is split into two or more smaller atoms, releasing energy • Example: Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy • The mass of reactants (uranium and one neutron) is actually greater than the mass of the products (barium, krypton, and neutrons)

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy •

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy •

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy •

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy •

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy •

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy • This may not seem like a lot of energy but:

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy • This may not seem like a lot of energy but: • A 747 requires 720, 000, 000 J of energy

Uranium + neutron barium + krypton + 3 neutrons + energy • This may not seem like a lot of energy but: • A 747 requires 720, 000, 000 J of energy • If we used fission to power the 747 we would only need 8. 7 g of uranium!!!!

Fission reactions • Nuclear power plants use fission reactions to produce electricity Homer saves the day

Fission reactions • Nuclear power plants use fission reactions to produce electricity • Atomic bombs are powered by fission reactions • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Rqy. Bz. XYZPo. M

Fusion reactions • When two small atoms are combined to form one larger atom, releasing energy

Fusion reactions • When two small atoms are combined to form one larger atom • Example: 4 H 2 He + energy

Fusion reactions • When two small atoms are combined to form one larger atom • Example: 4 H 2 He + energy • The mass of the reactants (hydrogen) is greater than the products (helium)

Fusion reactions •

Fusion reactions •

Fusion reactions •

Fusion reactions • Fusion reactions produce about 4 x more energy than fission reactions

Fusion reactions • Fusion reactions produce about 4 x more energy than fission reactions • Fusion reactions power the sun (and therefore the Earth)

Fusion reactions • Fusion reactions produce about 4 x more energy than fission reactions • Fusion reactions power the sun (and therefore the Earth) • We have not been able to harness the power of fusion reactions to produce electricity

Fusion reactions • Fusion reactions produce about 4 x more energy than fission reactions • Fusion reactions power the sun (and therefore the Earth) • We have not been able to harness the power of fusion reactions to produce electricity • Require high temperature and pressure

Fusion reactions • Fusion reactions produce about 4 x more energy than fission reactions • Fusion reactions power the sun (and therefore the Earth) • We have not been able to harness the power of fusion reactions to produce electricity • Require high temperature and pressure • The invention of ‘cold fusion’ would revolutionize energy production

Fusion reactions • Fusion reactions produce about 4 x more energy than fission reactions • Fusion reactions power the sun (and therefore the Earth) • We have not been able to harness the power of fusion reactions to produce electricity • Require high temperature and pressure • The invention of ‘cold fusion’ would revolutionize energy production • H-bombs are powered by fusion reactions (a fission reaction contributes the energy to initiate the fusion reaction) • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qjnm 3 V 0 x. Yj. I