Miocene Hominoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology 9

Miocene Hominoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 196

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 103

Miocene Hominoids

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans 3. True apes that brachiated probably originated in the Early Miocene ca. 20 – 17 mya

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans “Only after the evolution of arboreal suspension. . . would the modern meaning of the term ape have been applicable. ” Campbell-Loy, p. 195

“Times to Remember” Web. Page

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 196

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans Apes flourished in the later part of the Miocene ca. 15 – 5 mya

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 103

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans Well represented in the fossil record by such forms as: Sivapithecus. . . Ramapithecus Kenyapithecus Ouranopithecus Dryopithecus Proconsul Oreopithecus Gigantopithecus

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans Rudapithecus Pasalar Nyanzapithecus Afropithecus Turkanopithecus Rangwapithecus and others

Miocene hominoid distribution, from fossils thus far discovered Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 197

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 196

Proconsul africanus (from early Miocene) Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 197

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 185

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 188

Proconsul

Proconsul

Proconsul

Proconsul

Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 185

Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42

Oreopithecus (Miocene Ape) Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 187

Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus

Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 41

Primates des Faluns de Touraine

Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus Dryopithecus

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 196

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 185

Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42

Prehistoric Primates “Dryopithecus – Y” “Y – 5”

“Y-5” and “+-4” patterns

“Y-5” patterns

Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus Dryopithecus Sivapithecus

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 196

Prehistoric Primates Genus Sivapithecus Species Ramapithecus Kenyapithecus Ouranopithecus

“Times to Remember” Web. Page

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 185

Modern chimpanzee Sivapithecus Orangutan ca. 8 mya Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 198

Sivapithecus

Sivapithecus

Prehistoric Primates Genus Sivapithecus Species ramapithecus

Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42

Ramapithecines

Prehistoric Cultures Diet classifications: • insectivorous (insects) • herbivorous (plants) – frugivorous (fruits) – graminivorous • carnivorous • omnivorous (grasses) (chiefly meats) (all of the above)

Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus Dryopithecus Sivapithecus Gigantopithecus

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 185

Humankind Emerging, 7 th ed. , p. 188

Next: The Great Apes Pongids: ”The Great Apes” Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9 th ed. , p. 123