MALAYSIAN DRUG POLICY CONCEPTS AND STRATEGIES A MALAYSIAN

MALAYSIAN DRUG POLICY CONCEPTS AND STRATEGIES ‘A MALAYSIAN VIEWPOINT’ Presented by: DCP Dato’ Mukhtar Bin Ismail (Deputy Director General) National Anti Drugs Agency Ministry of Internal Security

SELAMAT DATANG

MALAYSIAN DRUG POLICY CONCEPTS AND STRATEGIES ‘A MALAYSIAN VIEWPOINT’

THE STRATEGY To create a drug free generation by 2015

OBJECTIVES (i) To Provide/Increase ë Awareness ë Knowledge ë Understanding ë Skills TO ë Students ë Teenagers ë Youth ë Parents ë Community Leaders ë Society On the dangers of drugs

OBJECTIVES (ii) To Strengthen the resilience of students, teenagers, youth and workers through the inculcation of religious knowledge and positive values. (iii) To develop interpersonal skills to prevent involvement in drugs. (iv) To develop positive and interesting alternative lifestyles. (v) To plan, develop and implement intervention programmes. (Vi) To involve all members of society.

GOAL TO ENSURE: ë Drug Free Families ë Drug Free Schools ë Drug Free Workplace ë Drug Free Communities

PROFIL UMUR PENAGIH BARU AGE PROFILE OF NEW CASES

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF NEW CASES Z Z Z Z No Schooling 2. 63% Primary Schools 22. 86% Lower Secondary 46. 85% Secondary Schools 26. 02% STP/HSC/STPM 0. 67% Diploma 0. 64% Degree 0. 14% Others 0. 19%

DRUG LAWS IN MALAYSIA ` ` ` Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 ` Dangerous Drugs (Special Preventive Measures) Act 1985 ` Dangerous Drugs (Forfeiture of Property) Act 1988 Poisons Act 1952 Drug Dependents (Treatment and Rehabilitation) Act 1983

NATIONAL DRUG POLICY • • Prevention Enforcement Rehabilitation International Cooperation BASIS OF THE DRUG POLICY v v Supply Reduction Demand Reduction

THE NATIONAL DRUGS COUNCIL AND THE NATIONAL DRUGS AGENCY

DECISION OF THE CABINET OF MINISTERS ON 7 FEBRUARY 1996 1. The establishment of the National Anti Drugs Council chaired by the Rt. Hon. Minister of Internal Security. The Hon. Deputy Minister of Internal Security 1 shall be the Deputy Chairman 2. The establishment of a new department in the Ministry of Home Affairs, known as the National Drugs Agency

NATIONAL DRUGS COUNCIL (POLICY MAKING BODY) OBJECTIVE Eliminate the drug menace and create a drug free society by 2015

NATIONAL DRUGS AGENCY (Coodinating Agency) OBJECTIVE To combat the drug menace and creating a drug free society by 2015

TERMS OF REFERENCE _ Formulate and implement drug prevention programmes _ Formulate and Implement drug treatment and rehabilitation programmes _ Upgrade the system for data collection and to carry out research _ Evaluation of the effectiveness of all national research on drug programmes _ Enhance regional and international cooperation efforts to combat the drug menace _ Serve as a secretariat to the National Drugs Council

DRUG PREVENTION IN MALAYSIA

OBJECTIVES Y to shape society’s attitude and perception towards drugs; Y to create an abhorrence towards Y to involve the community in drug prevention; Y to provide healthy alternatives for youths. drugs; Y to mould the young generation so that stay away from drugs; they will

v. SCHOOL BASED PROGRAMMES v Integration of drug abuse preventive education elements into the schools curriculum v CO-CURRICULUM v TEACHERS’ TRAINING

SCHOOL BASED ACTIVITIES ¬ ¬ ¬ Training teachers Peer group guidance training program Anti Narcotics Badge Scheme Drug preventive competition Students Intervention Programmes “STRIDE” – STUDENTS RESILIENCE AND INTERPERSONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION

COMMUNITY ORIENTED SCHOOL BASED PROGRAMMES Y INVOLVEMENT OF PTA’s Y LEADERSHIP COURSES FOR STUDENT LEADERS

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT Y SEMINAR FOR COMMUNITY LEADERS, YOUTH AND PARENTS Y PREVENTION PROGRAMMES Y CONCENTRATED INTEGRATED PROJECTS

COMMUNITY AWARENESS ACTION PROGRAMMMES Y PUBLICITY Y EXHIBITION Y TRAINING EX-ADDICTS AS KEY COMMUNICATORS Y COUNSELLING Y SETTING UP OF DRUG REHABILITATION COMMITTEES IN HIGH RISK LOCALITIES

TARGET GROUPS Y STUDENTS Y YOUTH/ WORKERS Y PARENTS/ TEACHERS, Y COMMUNITY LEADERS

ISSUES IN PREVENTION • Developing adequate measures /indicators of effectiveness of programmes • Enhancing community participative programms • Ensuring sustainability of programmes • Ensuring participation of NGO’s/Private Sector etc

TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION

LAWS AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO ADDICTION REHABILITATION Y Dangerous Drugs Act, 1952 (Section 15) Y Rules i. Drug Rehabilitation Center Rules ii. Drug Rehabilitation Committee Rules Y Drug Dependents (Treatment and Rehabilitation) Act, 1983 (Act 283)

HISTORY OF DRUG TREATMENT IN MALAYSIA Y This service first began in 1975 under Ministry of Welfare Services Y the Drug addiction was assumed as a social problem Y Treatment was handed over to the Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation Division of the Ministry of Home Affairs in 1983 Y In 1996 this division was absorbed into the National Narcotics Agency, Ministry of Home Affairs

STRATEGY THERE ARE TWO FORMS OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMME FOR DRUG DEPENDENTS Y INSTITUTIONAL (CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT) - ONE-STOP TREATMENT CENTERS Y NON-INSTITUTIONAL (TREATMENT IN THE COMMUNITY) - SUPERVISION

OBJECTIVES TO REINTEGRATE FORMER DRUG DEPENDENTS INTO THE SOCIETY AS FUNCTIONAL, PRODUCTIVE AND DRUG FREE INDIVIDUALS

POLICY Every drug addict residing in Malaysia has to undergo treatment and rehabilitation for his/her addiction for a specific period of time as provided for under the laws and regulations relating to treatment and rehabilitation

PHILOSOPHY Addicts are not criminals but persons who are in need of love, care and guidance rather than punishment and rejection

CONCEPT OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION ` Physical rehabilitation is based on the “Tough and Rugged” concept which includes military regimentation aimed at instilling discipline ` Emotional & psychological rehabilitation through psychosocial approach

ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION THE PROGRAMME IS DESIGNED TO UTILISE MULTIDISCIPLINARY INPUTS Ø Ø PHYSICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL MORAL & SPIRITUAL Ø SOCIAL Ø VOCATIONAL Ø RECREATIONAL

THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY IN REHABILITATION ` PROMOTE AWARENESS OF THE DANGER AND THREAT OF DRUG ABUSE/ADDICTION ` ASSIST IN REHABILITATION OF RECOVERING ADDICTS IN COMMUNITY ` REINTEGRATION OF EX-ADDICTS INTO THE COMMUNITY ` SERVE AS A ROLE MODEL, MOTIVATOR AND RESOURCE PERSON ` ENABLE JOB PLACEMENT

THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY IN REHABILITATION ` ESTABLISH PRIVATE REHABILITATION AND AFTERCARE CENTRES ` COMPLEMENT AND SUPPLEMENT WORK IN THE TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION ` PROVIDE FINANCIAL AID/SUPPORT FOR VIABLE PROJECTS ` ESTABLISH FAMILY ASSOCIATIONS ` PROVIDE OUTREACH (INFORMATION SERVICES)

AFTERCARE PROGRAMMES THE AFTER CARE PROGRAMMES ENCOMPASSES 4 COUNSELING - Individual - Group - Family 4 HOME/WORK PLACE VISITS 4 JOB PLACEMENT 4 URINE TEST 4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROJECTS 4 SOCIAL REINTEGRATION

ISSUES IN TREATMENT & REHABITATION ` MEDICATION AS AN ADJUNCT TREATMENT ` HIGH RELAPSE RATES ` PROVIDING TRAINING OPPORTUNITY WITH PRIVATE SECTOR ` ADVISORY SERVICE CENTRE ` IN SERVICE TRAINING FOR STAFF OF DRC ` THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION