List of Xrays LOCOMOTOR SYSTM 1 Head axial

List of X-rays LOCOMOTOR SYSTÉM 1. Head – axial and lateral projection 2. Cervical part of the spine – axial and lateral projection 3. Thoracic part of the spine – axial and lateral projection 4. Lumbar part of the spine – axial and lateral projection 5. Shoulder joint – axial projection 6. Elbow joint – axial and lateral projection 7. Wrist + hand (child) – axial projection 8. Wrist + hand (adult) – axial projection 9. Pelvis – axial projection 10. Knee joint – axial and lateral projection 11. Foot – dorsoplantar and lateral projection 12. Chest – axial projection

Head axial projection sagittal suture lambdoid suture roof of right orbit supraorbital margin superior orbital fissure right orbit ethmoidal air cells nasal septum inferior nasal concha mastoid air cells nasal septum nasal aperture mandibular canal tooth frontal sinus cribriform plate fronto-zygom. suture zygomatic arch superior border of petrous bone maxillary sinus maxilla mastoid process ramus of mandible angle of mandible

Head compact bone (lamina ext. et int. ) lateral projection spongy bone (diploe) coronal suture lambdoid suture frontal sinus nasal bone sphenoid sinus dorsum sellae petrosal bone external/internal acoustic meatus condylar process maxillary sinus ant. nasal spine palatine process of maxilla hypoglossal fossa ramus of mandible C 2 angle of mandible body of mandible mandibular canal

SPINE CERVICAL PART axial projection mandible disc space transverse process vertebral body cervical vertebra spinous process clavicle thoracic vertebra 1 th rib

SPINE CERVICAL PART occiput lateral projection C 1 dens (C 2) posterior arch of C 1 Tuberculum posterius atlantis C 2 spinous processes C 3 mandible intervertebral joint C 4 hyoid inf. articular process C 5 intervertebral disc spaces intervertebral foramen C 6 sup. articular process C 7

SPINE THORACIC PART axial projection thoracic vertebral body spinous process pedicles disc space ribs diaphragm costovertebral joint

SPINE THORACIC PART lateral projection ribs thoracic vertebral body intervertebral disc space

SPINE LUMBAR PART axial projection last rib L 1 1 th thoracic vertebra L 2 vertebral body intervertebral space spinous process L 3 L 4 L 5 pedicle costal process superior articular process intervertebral joint inferior articular process sacrum

SPINE LUMBAR PART L 1 lateral projection intervertebral foramen L 2 vertebral body L 3 disc space L 4 L 5 sacrum pedicle spinous processes

Shoulder joint axial projection acromion greater tubercle clavicle coracoid process lesser tubercle glenoid cavity infraglenoid tubercle scapula humerus anterior ribs posterior ribs

Elbow joint humerus axial projection olecranon fossa medial epicondyl olecranon process lateral epicondyl humeroradial joint humeroulnar joint coronoid process radial head neck of radius radial tubercle proximal radioulnar joint ulna radius

Elbow joint lateral projection humerus coronoid process trochlea olecranon head (articular circumference) radius ulna

Hand wrist adult distal phalanges middle trochlea body base proximal phalanges sesamoid bone head metacarpals body 1 base trapezoideum trapezium scaphoid radius 2 3 4 5 hamatum (+hamulus) capitatum triquetrum+pisiforme lunate ulna

Hand wrist child 4, 5 years old child (4 carpal bones are ossificated)

iliac crest iliac fossa Pelvis posterior superior axial projection iliac spine sacral foramens sacroiliac joint anterior superior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine coxal bone arcuate line acetabulum symphysis obturator foramen ischial tuberosity pubic bone femur

Hip joint axial projection coxal bone acetabulum acetabular fossa head trochanter fossa greater trochanter neck obturator foramen intertrochanteric crest lesser trochanter femur

Knee joint femur axial projection patella intercondylar fossa lateral femoral condyle medial intercondylar tubercle lateral tibial condyle fibula medial tibial condyle tibia

Knee joint femur lateral projection lateral condyle base patella medial condyle intercondylar eminence apex of head apex head fibula tibial tuberosity tibia

Foot dorsoplantar projection phalanges trochlea body base sesamoid bones metatarsals 1 tarsals 2 3 4 1 th 2 nd 5 3 rd navicular cuboid talus head body base 1 th, 2 nd, 3 rd = cuneiforme bones calcaneus tibia fibula

Foot lateral projection tars al talus me na vic ula r sinus tarsi calcaneus cuneiformes: med. , intermed. , lat. cuboid tata rsa l phal ange s

Chest sagittal projection 1 st rib clavicle bronchial bifurcation aortic knob anterior ribs thoracic spine and aorta hilum posterior ribs heart descending aorta gastric air bubble diaphragm outline of female brest liver stomach

Splanchnology 1. Oesophagography 2. Gastrography 3. Cholecystography 4. Irigography 5. Intravenous urography 6. Ascending (retrograde) pyelography 7. Cystography 8. Hysterosalpingography

OESOPHAGOGRAPHY axial projection Radiographic visualization of the esophagus using a swallowed radiopaque contrast medium. recessus piriformis (pharynx) oesophagus

OESOPHAGOGRAPHY lateral projection ribs thoracic vertebrae oesophagus diaphragm

GASTROGRAPHY Radiography of the stomach taken after administration of barium. kardia gastric air bubble body bulbus duodeni duodenum incisura angluaris pylorus gaster intestinum tenue

CHOLECYSTOGRAPHY Visualize the gallbladder by administering a radiopaque contrast agent (by mouth) that is excreted by the liver. This excreted material will collect in the gallbladder, where reabsorption of water concentrates the excreted contrast. thoracic vertebrae Th 12 L 1 vesica felea fundus L 2 lumbar vertebrae the last rib air in intestinum os coxae L 3

IRIGOGRAPHY Contrast X-ray method where the X-ray image is taken after filling the colon with contrast (barium) through the anus. flexura colli sin. colon transversum flexura colli dx. intestinum crassum colon ascendens colon descendens colon sigmoideum

IRIGOGRAPHY – double contrast Radiography of the colon taken after administration of barium, then air.

INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY pelvis renalis ureter X-ray of urinary tract following an injection of a iodine dye into a vein of arm. vesica urinaria calices renales

ASCENDING (RETROGRADE) PYELOGRAPHY Contrast medium has been introduced into the ureter and calyces via an ureteric catheter. pelvis renalis calices renales ureter catheter

CYSTOGRAPHY Contrast material is instilled in the bladder via urinary catheter vesica urinaria catheter in urethra

HSG (hysterosalpingography) The uterus and fallopian tubes are filled with a water-soluble contrast material (iodine) tuba uterina uterus cannula free spill of contrast off from fallopian tube