Linux Operating System Presentation outline n Shreejana Singh

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Linux Operating System

Linux Operating System

Presentation outline n Shreejana Singh – Introduction – History n Charles Chong – Technical

Presentation outline n Shreejana Singh – Introduction – History n Charles Chong – Technical Features n Luis E. Solis – Why use Linux? – FUD factor

Presentation outline conti… n Dina Rodriguez – Hardware Requirements n Himanshu Kathuria – Preview

Presentation outline conti… n Dina Rodriguez – Hardware Requirements n Himanshu Kathuria – Preview of the Linux Operating System – Live demonstration of the OS

History n Unix-like operating system, based on a kernel written by Linus Benedict Torvald

History n Unix-like operating system, based on a kernel written by Linus Benedict Torvald – Inspired by the Minix operating system – The GNU "guh-NEW“ project started in 1983 by Richard Stallman at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology – A UNIX-compatible software system developed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF)

History conti… n Philosophy of GNU – To produce software that is non-proprietary –

History conti… n Philosophy of GNU – To produce software that is non-proprietary – Anyone can download, modify and redistribute GNU software – The only restriction is that they cannot limit further redistribution – Given away for free. n Symbol of Linux – – – Linux doesn't have a formidable serious looking symbol Rather Tux, as the penguin is lovingly called Symbolizes the care-free attitude of the total movement

History conti… n Began work in 1991 – August 25, 1991 the historic post

History conti… n Began work in 1991 – August 25, 1991 the historic post was sent to the MINIX news group by Linus. . . – September, 1991 - Linux version 0. 01 is released – October, 1992 - The first standalone Linux installed – Dec 1993 - a stable 'beta' version (0. 99 patchlevel 14) was available. – March 1994 - Version 1. 0 released – First ``Linux virus'' discovered - Bliss – Today, there an estimated 5 million Linux users worldwide Timeline 1991 -2002

Platforms Linux been Ported n n In addition to the Intel 386 Linux has

Platforms Linux been Ported n n In addition to the Intel 386 Linux has been ported to all of the following platforms: – Alpha Processor – MIPS – Motorola 68 K (MAC, Atari, Amiga, etc. ) – Power. PC (Power. Mac, etc. ) – SPARC – Sun 3 – SGI (Indy) – HP PA-RISC (HP 700) – VAX – VME – ARM (Palmtops) – Intel 8086 & 80286

Operating System A program that controls the execution of application programs. n And acts

Operating System A program that controls the execution of application programs. n And acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware n Linux is licenses under the General Public Licenses (GPL) n – Ensures that the source code will always be freely available to anyone wants it.

Open Source/Free Software n n n People often think of software at no cost,

Open Source/Free Software n n n People often think of software at no cost, has no owner, and thus no support or warranty of continuation In reality the 'free' in free software means that the source code has been liberated anybody may copy and compile it, but that does not exclude payment Not Free of charge

Commercial Software The opposite of OSS/FS is “closed” or “proprietary” software. n Software n

Commercial Software The opposite of OSS/FS is “closed” or “proprietary” software. n Software n – source code that can be viewed – But cannot be modified and redistributed without further limitation

What is Linux Kernel n Kernel Module n Benefits of using Module n Multitasking

What is Linux Kernel n Kernel Module n Benefits of using Module n Multitasking n Multi-User n Virtual Memory n

Kernel Development Internet OSI open system n USC Berkeley UNIX n Linux member of

Kernel Development Internet OSI open system n USC Berkeley UNIX n Linux member of UNIX family n Kernel manages system hardware n Standard Kernel loads entire Kernel and base set in RAM n Linux real-time modules n

O/S as a Resource Manager

O/S as a Resource Manager

Linux Modules Speed and efficiency n Object file link/unlink to Kernel during run time

Linux Modules Speed and efficiency n Object file link/unlink to Kernel during run time n Example SCSI standard device driver n Portable written in C language n

Single User

Single User

Multi-Programming with Two Programs

Multi-Programming with Two Programs

Multi-Programming with Three Programs

Multi-Programming with Three Programs

Virtual Memory Swaps partition on hard disk n Linux swaps pages in and out

Virtual Memory Swaps partition on hard disk n Linux swaps pages in and out of swap space as required n More physical than exist n

Linux’s sponsors and contributors n Sponsors n Contributors – Hewlett Packard – IBM –

Linux’s sponsors and contributors n Sponsors n Contributors – Hewlett Packard – IBM – Intel – – – Caldera Inc. Corel Corporation Oracle SGI Turbolinux Inc. Red Hat Software

Linux Corporate Customers n n n n n Air New Zealand Deutsche Telekom 7

Linux Corporate Customers n n n n n Air New Zealand Deutsche Telekom 7 -Eleven Wolfermans Wesport River Winery Satellite Records Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mississippi State University Triaton

Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt (FUD) Can we trust production data to a free software

Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt (FUD) Can we trust production data to a free software program? n Free software n Linux is a Unix clone cut down to run on a PC n Why compromise just to save a few bucks? n Linux is insecure n

Hardware Requirements Linux hardware requirements n Limitations n Disadvantages n

Hardware Requirements Linux hardware requirements n Limitations n Disadvantages n

Motherboard and CPU Requirements n Does not support the Intel 286 and earlier processors.

Motherboard and CPU Requirements n Does not support the Intel 286 and earlier processors. n Supports the Intel 80386, 80486, Pentium Pro, Pentium III, etc.

Memory Requirements n n n Linux requires very little memory to run You should

Memory Requirements n n n Linux requires very little memory to run You should have a minimum 2 MB of RAM The more memory, the faster it will run 8 MB is enough for personal use 16 MB or more for a power users

Hard Drive Controller Requirements n You can run a minimal system completely from floppy.

Hard Drive Controller Requirements n You can run a minimal system completely from floppy. n You must have an AT-Standard (16 -bit) controller n Rule for non-SCSI controllers

Hard Drive Space Requirements n n n A complete system requires 10 -20 MB

Hard Drive Space Requirements n n n A complete system requires 10 -20 MB of memory space A larger system requires 100 -150 MB Installing Linux on a system with so little disk space will omit useful applications Linux as a workstation: minimum of 600 MB Linux as a server: minimum 1. 6 GB of free disk space needed

Monitor & Video Adaptor Requirements n Linux supports all Hercules, CGA, EGA, VGA, IBM

Monitor & Video Adaptor Requirements n Linux supports all Hercules, CGA, EGA, VGA, IBM monochrome, and super VGA video cards and monitors for the default text-based interface

Other Supported Hardware CD-ROM storage n Soundboards n Pointing Devices (Mouse, trackball) n Printers

Other Supported Hardware CD-ROM storage n Soundboards n Pointing Devices (Mouse, trackball) n Printers n

Linux Performance Key factors: features and performance n It runs on a wider range

Linux Performance Key factors: features and performance n It runs on a wider range of hardware platforms and run on less expensive and powerful systems. n Linux exceeds other operating systems in its multiprocessing capabilities and its support of advanced TCP/IP networking facilities n

Linux Performance Linux does not restrict the number of clients connected at the same

Linux Performance Linux does not restrict the number of clients connected at the same time n It provides more reliable data storage than other operating systems n Linux provides advanced disk management (RAID) which makes it possible to automatically duplicate stored data on several hard drives n

LINUX SOFTWARE (Red. Hat Distribution) Applications: § Word Processor § Spreadsheet § Power. Point

LINUX SOFTWARE (Red. Hat Distribution) Applications: § Word Processor § Spreadsheet § Power. Point § Scheduler § Databases

Development Software All development software is free and covered under the GNU public License

Development Software All development software is free and covered under the GNU public License n Linux systems come standard with C and C++ compilers and an assembler n BASIC, FORTRAN, LISP, Pascal, Perl, Python are standard n Open Source – Bugs are discovered and corrected almost immediately n

Games Large varieties of games n Recently turned their attention to producing slick, commercial

Games Large varieties of games n Recently turned their attention to producing slick, commercial 3 -D games n Some common games n – CHESS, GO, JEZZBALL

Scientific Software Te. X and La. Te. X scientific typesetting packages n Scientific applications

Scientific Software Te. X and La. Te. X scientific typesetting packages n Scientific applications for astronomy, biology, cartography, chemistry, laboratory work, mathematics, graphics, and visualization, available. n Often used to laboratories n

System Software n Linux supports – parallel processing – RAID n Has resources for

System Software n Linux supports – parallel processing – RAID n Has resources for managing – all sorts of hardware issues – power management, multi-user/multigroup systems administration, backup, and system diagnostics.

Utilities Disk and file manipulation, n Terminal customization, compression, archiving, n Scripting and other

Utilities Disk and file manipulation, n Terminal customization, compression, archiving, n Scripting and other small but important things that keep a home computer running at its best. n Linux has command-line and even graphic interfaces n

COST Microsoft Office 2000 Standard: n Microsoft Office 2000 Prof: n Open. Office 1.

COST Microsoft Office 2000 Standard: n Microsoft Office 2000 Prof: n Open. Office 1. 0: mostly free of cost n Star. Office 6. 0: n $181. 95 $299. 99 $39. 99 $69. 99

Previewing the Linux Operating System n Switch Desktop

Previewing the Linux Operating System n Switch Desktop

Future of Linux § Constantly on the news whether computer or business related §

Future of Linux § Constantly on the news whether computer or business related § Difficult to install and use § Free therefore insecure (Japanese gov. ) § Lack of support (IBM Red hat RHCE)

Q and A § What is an operating system? § What is the difference

Q and A § What is an operating system? § What is the difference between open source and commercial proprietary software? § What is Linux? § What is a Kernel module? § What are the benefits of using modules?

Thank You

Thank You