Fundamentos Culturais da Literatura em Lngua Inglesa Aula

Fundamentos Culturais da Literatura em Língua Inglesa Aula 10 Hélcio Lanzoni

The war began in 1955, after the rise to power of the communist Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. It was part of the Cold War between the two global superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. www. fasttrackteaching. com The Vietnam War 2

The Vietnam War was a long, costly armed conflict between the communist regime of North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist countries, against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. 3

motdo. com By 1969, at the peak of U. S. involvement in the war, more than 500, 000 U. S. military personnel were involved in the Vietnam conflict. 4

www. dnaindia. com More than 3 million people (including 58, 000 Americans) were killed in the Vietnam War; more than half were Vietnamese civilians. 5

news. discovery. com Growing opposition to the war in the United States led to bitter divisions among Americans, both before and after President Richard Nixon ordered the withdrawal of U. S. forces in 1973. 6

fineartamerica. com In 1975, communist forces seized control of Saigon, ending the Vietnam War, and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam the following year. 7

Cultural Movements in the USA In the years after the end of WWII, the conventional structures of society gained force, especially due to the postwar economic boom. Thanks to that, students in universities started questioning the crescent materialism in the society – this questioning had two byproducts: the Beat Generation and the Hippie Movement. 8

In the USA of the 1950 s, this new literary and cultural movement struck the whole nation. www. litkicks. com The Beat Generation 9

Never a big movement in terms numbers, the Beat Generation had a tremendous influence and huge cultural status, which turned it into the most visible of all other cultural movements. www. litkicks. com The Beat Generation 10

Their dissatisfaction concerning consumerism led the Beats to fight against the conservative manners of their parents’ generation. They viewed capitalism as a very negative force to the human spirit and a barrier to social equality. In addition, taboos regarding sexuality were viewed as unhealthy and dangerous to mental health. 11

But the cultural impact of the Beat writers survived the time and the influence of their work is still alive. ssjdebusk. tumblr. com Some critics considered the literature of Beat Generation as simple provocation instead or real art – just a means of getting attention. 12

In the 1960 s, the United States witnessed a massive and unprecedented movement related to counterculture, leading to the Flower Power movement. Called Hippies, these young people did not want to keep up with sexual norms considered repressive and puritan. en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Hair_(musical)#/ The Hippie Movement 13

Also called “children of the road”, they believed that people should make love, not war. The term “hippie” was originally adapted from ‘Hipster’, which was used to define colorful beatniks from San Francisco 14

This new and visually alternative way of activism proclaimed their opposition to Vietnam War and the American involvement with it. As part of the evolving counterculture, psychedelic floral clothes and long beards demonstrated that it was a new fashion period, with new film and literature as well. 15

Seen by many as dirty and disrespectful, in other words a disgrace to society, to many they were a reminder of a peaceful and “light” part of the American history. Hippies were the counterculture of the 1960’s, as the Beats were the counterculture of the 50’s. 16

Most Hippies were against all types of violence and favored freedom of personal expression. www. plymouthfancydress. com Their style of life is commonly associated with rock, long hair, flowers and hallucinogenic drugs. Their lifestyles included the concepts of freedom, peace, and harmony. 17

www. creopoint. com The 21 st Century 18

www. creopoint. com The beginning of the 21 st century witnessed the rise of distrust in government, global worries regarding national security and risk of terrorism, consumerism, and a crescent empowerment of private companies – national and multinational alike. 19

On September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked four airplanes and promoted suicidal attacks in the United States. www. history. com Welcome to the 21 st Century! 20

21 www. britishcouncil. org

Fundamentos Culturais da Literatura em Língua Inglesa Atividade 10 Hélcio Lanzoni

industrym. com Nas últimas aulas foram abordados alguns conflitos armados em que os Estados Unidos estiveram envolvidos. Assinale as alternativas que trazem os nomes desses conflitos, apresentados sem ordem cronológica. 23

( ( ( ( ( ) War of the Roses ) Spanish-American War ) French Revolution ) Crusades ) Vietnam War ) World War I ) World war II ) Seven Years’ War ) Civil War (Secession War) 24

( ) War of the Roses ( x ) Spanish-American War ( ) French Revolution ( ) Crusades ( x ) Vietnam War ( x ) World War I ( x ) World war II ( ) Seven Years’ War ( x ) Civil War (Secession War) 25