FDR Changed everything Now what Truman Eisenhower Kennedy

FDR Changed everything: Now what? Truman Eisenhower Kennedy

FDR VPs John Nance Garner 1933 -41 Henry Wallace 1941 -45

Harry Truman Vice Pres January 20, 1945 President April 12, 1945

Harry Truman Election Day 1948

Truman Approval Ratings Sources: Gallup, AP, WSJ. com research. From: Wall Street Journal. com: http: //online. wsj. com/public/resources/documents/info-presapp 060531. html

A Different Era? Bipartisanship Vs. Demagoguery

Leadership • “Truman Doctrine” speech, March 1947

Bipartisanship Truman and Senator Arthur Vandenberg (R-MI) Right to Left: US Amb to UN Warren Austin, Truman, Secretary of State George Marshall, Vandenberg

Demagoguery Sen. Joseph Mc. Carthy and Roy Cohn (Chief Counsel for the Senate Permanent Committee on Investigations)

Trump and Cohn (1984)

Two Developments • 22 nd Amendment (1951) • Candidate-centered Politics Eisenhower JFK Trump

Dwight David Eisenhower: Formal Management

Why Like Ike?

Eisenhower Approval Ratings

Organizational Chart

Organization Theory • • Semi-independence Budget and Turf Battles Organizational Culture SOP

Coordination 1. Delegation 2. Interagency Process 3. Staff System

Delegation John Foster Dulles George Humphrey

Interagency Process Cabinet Deputy Secretary level committee Departments Under or Assistant Secretary level

Staff Chief of Staff Sherman Adams Ike and special assistant Robert Cutler

JFK Informal Management

Republican Nominee

Debates: Nixon’s Uneasy

JFK’s Relaxed

Dual Roles of Cabinet Officers President’s Key Adviser on an Issue vs. Senior Official of a Department of Agency

Types of Presidential Advisers 1. Experts 2. Independent Political Figures 3. Friends

JFK Advisers Robert Kennedy Douglas Dillon Attorney General Sec. Treasury Friend Independent political figure Robert Mc. Namara Sec. Defense Expert

Bush 43 Advisers Condoleezza Colin Powell Nat’l Security Adv Sec. of State Friend Independent political figure Donald Rumsfeld Sec Def Expert

Obama Advisers Valerie Jarrett Senior Adviser Friend Hillary Clinton Sec. State Independent political figure Robert Gates Sec. Defense Expert

Trump Advisers Ivanka Trump Jared Kushner Friends Mike Pompeo Sec. State Independent political figure Jim Mattis Sec. Defense Expert

Dallas 11/22/1963

LBJ Taking the Oath of Office