Environment Forest and Climate Change Department Govt of

Environment, Forest and Climate Change Department, Govt. of Bihar FIGHTING CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH Jal–Jeewan–Hariyali Abhiyan (Water-Life-Greenery Movement) COP 25, MADRID, SPAIN Ashutosh, IFS Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Development) Dept. of Env. , Forest and Climate Change Government of Bihar Rakesh Kumar, IFS Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Campa) Dept. of Env. , Forest and Climate Change Government of Bihar

Bihar- At a Glance Geographical area : 94163 sq. km. Total forest area : 7288 sq. km. (7. 74%) Net Sown area : 57120 sq. km. Population : 104. 10 million Population Density : 1, 102 per sq kms Rural Population : 92. 34 million (88. 71%) Average Population density : 1106 per sq. km. Livestock Population 30. 34 million :

Bihar • Located in the eastern part of India and is bounded by West Bengal in the east, Uttar Pradesh in west, Nepal in the north and by Jharkhand in the south. • The Bihar plain is divided into two unequal halves by the river Ganges which flows through the middle from west to east. • Climate change has wide-ranging effects on the environment and on socio-economy in the State. • Changes in rainfall pattern have lead to severe water shortages, and flooding. • Rising temperatures is causing shifts in crop growing seasons, which has affected food security.

Climate Change Scenario in Bihar • Increase in erratic pattern of precipitation • Changed rainfall pattern: Reduced number of rainy days (55 to 40 days) • Long spell of dry days during monsoon • Bihar is highly Prone to flood and drought. § South Bihar is highly prone to drought § Around 30 -40% of the total flood damages in India § Approx. 22. 1% of the total flood affected population in India Bihar has recognized the severity of climate change and adopting multi pronged strategy to ensure compliance within pre determined time frame for mitigation as well as adaptation necessities.

Rainfall Pattern in Bihar Milimeter 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Climate at its forefront: East India Climate Change Conclave- 2018 • First-of-its kind initiative brought together Eastern India for devising inclusive resilience building in the region • Sh. Nitish Kumar , Hon'ble Chief Minister Bihar, Sh. Sushil K. Modi, Hon'ble Deputy CM Bihar, Dr. Harsh Vardhan and Sh. Mahesh Gagda, Hon'ble Cabinet Minister of forests, Government of Chhattisgarh laid the foundation for the discussions • Over 200 national and sub national and nongovernmental actors came together to develop a common understanding of challenges and opportunities pertaining to climate change Government of Bihar approved name change of the Department of Environment & Forest vis-a vis, Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Cabinet also approved establishment of dedicated climate change division under Do. EFCC (Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change).

Jal-Jeevan-Hariyali Abhiyan (Water-Life-Greenery Movement) Ø Aims to increase forest and green cover up to 17% by involving mass movement. Ø This will lead to following achievements : § Habitat improvement by soil and moisture conservation. § Mitigating climate change by Ecosystem – restoration § Rehabilitation of degraded Forest land urban greening. § Ground water table improvements for future water security. § Atmospheric air exchange balance thus improving the health of people. § Increased forest based livelihood income for rural households in and around the forest areas § Enhanced annual CO 2 sequestration.

Jal-Jeevan-Hariyali Abhiyan (Water-Life-Greenery Movement) To increase green cover as per objective of Jal-Jeevan-Hariyali Abhiyan (Water-Life-Greenery Movement) MISSION 25. 1 Plantation Campaign Plantation of minimum of 25. 1 Million plants in Bihar on August 9, 2020. To involve the masses in plantation programmes in and outside forest area to increase awareness and sensitivity towards Env. Protection.

PLANTATION TARGET BIFURCATION FOREST Vs. OUTSIDE FOREST Plants in Million Breakup of 19. 1 Million Plants to be planted by Forest Dept. 6 7. 9 11. 2 19. 1 Rural Dev. Dept. Forest Dept. Outside Forest Area

Thematic Areas: Adaptation Measures Ø Climate Resilient Agriculture and food security. Ø Value Chain assessment for climate resilient crops in Bihar and promotion of climate smart villages in Bihar. Ø Sediment Management Framework for Kosi River. Ø Enterprise and investment models for Bamboo cultivation in Bihar. Ø Agriculture Road Map: A comprehensive document for sustainable Bihar (1 st. Agri. RM: 2012 -17 & 2 nd. Agri. RM: 2017 -22). Ø Disaster Risk Reduction Roadmap. Ø Bihar is the 1 st state in India to develop DRR Roadmap for 2015 to 2030 based on Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Ø SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) and SAPCC (State Action Plan on Climate Change, 2015) for Monitoring and Evaluation Framework. Ø Mainstreaming and Enhancing Climate Finance.

Thematic Areas: Mitigation Measures Enhancing Clean and Green Energy deployment • Aims to make Bihar self-sufficient by adding 3343 MW of renewable energy in the grid by 2022 • Improvement in conventional energy production system Reduction in GHG Emission • “Action Plan for control of Air Pollution in non-attainment city of Bihar” approved by Go. I • Adoption of cleaner technology in brick kilns- Coal consumption shall reduced by 30 tonnes/per million bricks by converting FCBTK to Zig-Zag technology Complete Ban on use of single use plastic in the state

Vision Ø Enhancement of Forest and Tree Cover up to 17% by Year 2022. Ø Management of Natural Forests through Eco-system approach. Ø Conservation, restoration and sustainable utilisation of wetlands and biodiversity Ø Modernizing and restructuring forestry infrastructure and skill up-gradation of human resources. Ø Improvement in transparency and service delivery using Management Information System (MIS) and Geographic Information System (GIS). Ø Developing marketing infrastructure for wood based industries and Minor Forest Produce. Ø Augmentation of adaptive resilience against impacts of climate change.

Climate Change: Initiatives Rural Development : § Sensitization programme for Panchayat level functionary § Reclamation of old water sources like pond, water channels (28981 structure) § Minor irrigation works at 21760 places § All water pumps in the state to be provided with soak pits to stop surface drainage. Transport: § Ban on all 15 year old vehicles. § All diesel operated vehicle to be banned from 31 st March 2021 in Patna. § Green tax on commercial vehicle more than 12 year vehicle. § One time subsidy of Rs. 40000 on conversion to CNG based system of vehicle. § 50 percent rebate on motor vehicle tax on purchase of electric vehicle. § Govt. to procure 25 electric buses under Go. I, FAME-II Scheme.

Climate Change: Initiatives Agriculture : § Research for Cropping System (Crop cycle) optimization and combating terminal heat for wheat. § Research for Cropping System (Crop cycle) optimization for coping with monsoon variability. § Achieving carbon-friendly intensification and systems resilience, and § Irrigation-led intensification in a changing climate § Telemetric rain gauges at panchayat level & Automatic weather station at block level to understand weather variations at micro level and to give crop advisories based on weather situations. § Watershed Development for soil and water conservation. § In situ conservation of rain water at field level. § Promotion Micro irrigation such as Drip & Sprinkler irrigation to save water. § Organic Farming for reducing dependence on chemicals for better soil, environment and human health. § Massive campaign to stop crop residue burning and incentivising farmers to adopt farm machinery such happy seeder, rotary mulcher etc. for in situ crop residue management.

Bihar Disaster Risk Reduction Road Map 2015 -30 Target : ØLives lost due to natural disaster in Bihar be reduced by 95% of baseline level by 2030. ØLives lost due to transportation related disaster be reduced substantially by 2030. ØPeople affected by disaster be reduced by 50% by 2030. ØEconomic loss by disaster be reduced by 50% by 2030. Strategy : ØResilient Villages ØResilient Cities ØResilient Basic Services ØResilient Critical Infrastructures

Agro-forestry Initiatives in Bihar • Govt. of Bihar has prepared 1 st Agriculture Road Map for 2012 to 2017 and now 2 nd Agriculture Road Map 2017 -2022 is in progress. • Hariyali Mission (Green Mission) established in 2012 -13 under Department of Environment, Forest & CC with an objective of Ø Raising the green cover in Bihar from 9. 79% in 2011 to 17% by the end of 2022 Ø Increase in Income of farmers through Agroforestry and reduce risk due to loss of crops • Agro-Forestry Policy for the State.

Agro-Forestry Achievements No of Beneficiaries No of Plants (in Million) 120 12 100 10 80 8 Total: Other Species Poplar - 40628 Beneficiaries Other Species - 66200 Beneficiaries -1 9 20 18 -1 8 20 17 -1 7 20 16 16 15 - 20 -1 5 20 14 Poplar Other Species Poplar - 32. 04 Million Other Species - 52. 41 Million 20 13 -1 3 20 12 20 18 20 17 20 16 16 15 20 20 14 20 13 20 12 Poplar -1 9 0 -1 8 0 -1 7 20 -1 5 2 -1 4 40 -1 3 4 -1 4 60 6

Monitoring through Van App (Forest App - A mobile App) Ø Seamless integration of GIS and MIS on Android platform Ø To register information on Human Resource and all type of schemes and activities of the Forest Department Ø To provide state of the art user interface (UI) and provide role wise data to user Ø To inspect, monitor and view progress of the Schemes/ Activities Ø To generate history of individual Scheme/Activity over the years Ø To generate role wise customized Reports Ø To analyze the Scheme/Activity progress in real time

Kusiargaon Biodiversity Park at Araria Area- 405 Acre Salient feature§ Tissue culture Lab § Bamboo setum § Eco Hut § Natural Trail § Natural Interpretation Center

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