East Asia 1450 1750 SPICET China under the

East Asia 1450 – 1750 SPICE-T

China under the Ming Dynasty 1368 -1644 – Social – Political – Overthrew the (Mongol) Yuan Dynasty – Conservative – they want to return to traditions of China’s past prior to the Mongols – Interactions – Rebuilt Chinese agriculture after the Mongols

– Cultural – The Ming embrace Neo-Confucianism – Humanism and Rationalism – the universe could be understood through human reason, and that it was up to humanity to create a harmonious relationship between the universe and the individual – Economic – Largest economy in the world @ the time – Used SILVER as current – good for a while but crashed towards the end of their dynasty – Spain and Japan limited silver exports = price of silver goes up = no one could pay their taxes = problems for the Ming

– Technology – Ming Treasure Fleet – Rebuild/expand the Great Wall of China – Built the Forbidden City & Temple of Heaven in Beijing (keep it the capital)

The Voyages of Zheng He

Ming Pottery

The Portuguese in East Asia – Arrive in 1514 and build a trading empire with weapons and by constructing forts throughout the Indian Ocean – Missionaries attempt to gain influence in the Chinese royal court – Chinese are impressed with their knowledge, but still view them as barbaric – Downfall – Not enough ships and manpower to maintain an empire – 17 th c. Dutch and English arrive as rivals

Qing Dynasty

China under the Qing Dynasty 1644 – 1911 – Social – Manchu are ethnically & culturally different – Not HAN Chinese – Worked to make their culture dominant – Continue to adhere to Confucianism – Political – 1644 Peasant Revolt because of a famine = fall of the Ming – The Manchu declared a new dynasty – Maintained the Civil Service Exam and System – Emperor Kangxi – longest reign in Chinese history (1661 – 1722)– presided over a period of stability and expansion

– Interactions – Culture – Kangxi incorporates Taiwan, Mongolia, and Central Asia into the empire – Kangxi had mixed policies towards Christians – Jesuits (Catholic missionaries) were well respected because they learned Chinese – Economic – Increased exports of tea, silk, and porcelain (bought with silver!) – Technology – Kangxi built schools, compiled a dictionary, and sponsored a Collection of Books (Kind of like an encyclopedia)

China under the Qing Dynasty 1644 – 1911 (into Period 6) – Social – Manchu are ethnically & culturally different – Worked to make their culture dominant – Continue to adhere to Confucianism – Technology – Kangxi built schools, compiled a dictionary, and sponsored a Collection of Books (Kind of like an encyclopedia) – Culture – Kangxi incorporates Taiwan, Mongolia, and Central Asia into the empire

JAPAN 1450 - 1750

Japan and the Tokugawa Shogunate – Social – Samurai warrior class declines in importance (they’re now unemployed!) – Hierarchy: warrior class peasants and farmers artisans and merchants eta (similar to the untouchables) – Political – Ruled by shoguns (military leaders) – 12 th c to 15 th c – Shoguns in conflict with the daimyo (powerful landholding aristocrats) in 1500 s – Tokugawa Shogunate reduces the power of the daimyo and rules until the mid nineteenth century – Interactions – It’s an island@

– Culture – Haiku poetry develops – Economic – Silk production flourishes – Banking and paper money spurs commercial development – Agricultural production increases resulting in a surplus