Classification of partially edentulous arches REQUIREMENTS OF AN
![Classification of partially edentulous arches Classification of partially edentulous arches](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-1.jpg)
![REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION v It should permit immediate visualization of REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION v It should permit immediate visualization of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-2.jpg)
![Need for classification: v Classification itself facilitates case history recording and exchange of views Need for classification: v Classification itself facilitates case history recording and exchange of views](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-3.jpg)
![Various Classifications • Cummer’s system – 1921 • The Kennedy System – 1923 • Various Classifications • Cummer’s system – 1921 • The Kennedy System – 1923 •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-4.jpg)
![• Friedman’s system – 1953 • The Austin Ledge – 1956 • The • Friedman’s system – 1953 • The Austin Ledge – 1956 • The](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-5.jpg)
![KENNEDY’S CLASSIFICATION üProposed by Dr. Edward Kennedy in 1925. üThe most widely used method KENNEDY’S CLASSIFICATION üProposed by Dr. Edward Kennedy in 1925. üThe most widely used method](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-6.jpg)
![Class-I Bilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Class-I Bilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-7.jpg)
![Class II Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Class II Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-8.jpg)
![Class III A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to Class III A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-9.jpg)
![Class IV Single but bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth Class IV Single but bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-10.jpg)
![Applegate-Kennedy Classification Class V: Described as an edentulous area bounded anteriorly and posteriorly by Applegate-Kennedy Classification Class V: Described as an edentulous area bounded anteriorly and posteriorly by](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-11.jpg)
![Class VI: is an edentulous situation in which the teeth adjacent to the space Class VI: is an edentulous situation in which the teeth adjacent to the space](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-12.jpg)
![Applegate’s Rules for Applying the Kennedy Classification Rule 1. Classification should follow rather than Applegate’s Rules for Applying the Kennedy Classification Rule 1. Classification should follow rather than](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-13.jpg)
![Rule 3. If a third molar is present and is to be used as Rule 3. If a third molar is present and is to be used as](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-14.jpg)
![Rule 4. If a second molar is missing and is not replaced (that is Rule 4. If a second molar is missing and is not replaced (that is](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-15.jpg)
![Rule 5. The most posterior edentulous area or areas always determine the classification Rule 5. The most posterior edentulous area or areas always determine the classification](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-16.jpg)
![Rule 6. Edentulous areas other than those determining the classification are referred to as Rule 6. Edentulous areas other than those determining the classification are referred to as](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-17.jpg)
![Rule 7. The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of Rule 7. The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-18.jpg)
![Rule 8. There can be no modification areas in class IV arches. Any edentulous Rule 8. There can be no modification areas in class IV arches. Any edentulous](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-19.jpg)
![Cummer’s classification: (1920) Classification based on the number and the position of the direct Cummer’s classification: (1920) Classification based on the number and the position of the direct](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-20.jpg)
![Class II: A partially edentulous arch in which two diametrically opposite teeth are chosen Class II: A partially edentulous arch in which two diametrically opposite teeth are chosen](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-21.jpg)
![Class III: A partial edentulous arch in which one or more teeth on the Class III: A partial edentulous arch in which one or more teeth on the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-22.jpg)
![Class IV: Three direct retainers in a triangular (rarely quadrangular) relationship. multilateral Class IV: Three direct retainers in a triangular (rarely quadrangular) relationship. multilateral](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-23.jpg)
![Bailyn’s classification/Bailyn’s system (1928) üCharles Bailyn introduced this classification based on whether the prostheses Bailyn’s classification/Bailyn’s system (1928) üCharles Bailyn introduced this classification based on whether the prostheses](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-24.jpg)
![Sub- classification Class I: Abutment teeth present at each extremity of a saddle area Sub- classification Class I: Abutment teeth present at each extremity of a saddle area](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-25.jpg)
![Skinners classification Influenced by Cummers classification. His classification had five classes of which few Skinners classification Influenced by Cummers classification. His classification had five classes of which few](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-26.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-27.jpg)
![Class II That group of RPD in which all the teeth are posterior to Class II That group of RPD in which all the teeth are posterior to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-28.jpg)
![Class III That group in which all the abutment teeth are related anterior to Class III That group in which all the abutment teeth are related anterior to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-29.jpg)
![Class IV That group in which the denture bases are both anterior and posterior Class IV That group in which the denture bases are both anterior and posterior](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-30.jpg)
![Class V: is that group in which all of the abutment teeth are unilateral Class V: is that group in which all of the abutment teeth are unilateral](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-31.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-32.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-33.jpg)
- Slides: 33
![Classification of partially edentulous arches Classification of partially edentulous arches](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-1.jpg)
Classification of partially edentulous arches
![REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION v It should permit immediate visualization of REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION v It should permit immediate visualization of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-2.jpg)
REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION v It should permit immediate visualization of the type of partially edentulous arch being considered. v It should permit immediate differentiation between the tooth-borne and the tooth and tissue-supported removable partial denture. v It should be universally acceptable
![Need for classification v Classification itself facilitates case history recording and exchange of views Need for classification: v Classification itself facilitates case history recording and exchange of views](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-3.jpg)
Need for classification: v Classification itself facilitates case history recording and exchange of views between practitioners. v Provide general acceptance of particular system. v Classification should give some clues to the treatment plan of particular patient. v Provide a guide to the denture design. v Facilitates the visualization of the edentulous arches.
![Various Classifications Cummers system 1921 The Kennedy System 1923 Various Classifications • Cummer’s system – 1921 • The Kennedy System – 1923 •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-4.jpg)
Various Classifications • Cummer’s system – 1921 • The Kennedy System – 1923 • Baily’s system – 1928 • Neurohrs System – 1939 • Mauks system – 1941 • Godfrey’s system – 1951 • Beckett’s system – 1953
![Friedmans system 1953 The Austin Ledge 1956 The • Friedman’s system – 1953 • The Austin Ledge – 1956 • The](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-5.jpg)
• Friedman’s system – 1953 • The Austin Ledge – 1956 • The Skinner’s system – 1957 • The Applegate – Kennedy system – 1960 • Swensons System – 1960 • Avants System – 1966
![KENNEDYS CLASSIFICATION üProposed by Dr Edward Kennedy in 1925 üThe most widely used method KENNEDY’S CLASSIFICATION üProposed by Dr. Edward Kennedy in 1925. üThe most widely used method](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-6.jpg)
KENNEDY’S CLASSIFICATION üProposed by Dr. Edward Kennedy in 1925. üThe most widely used method of classification. Kennedy’s original classification contains the following four classes, with certain modifications.
![ClassI Bilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth Class-I Bilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-7.jpg)
Class-I Bilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.
![Class II Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth Class II Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-8.jpg)
Class II Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.
![Class III A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to Class III A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-9.jpg)
Class III A unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to it.
![Class IV Single but bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth Class IV Single but bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-10.jpg)
Class IV Single but bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth
![ApplegateKennedy Classification Class V Described as an edentulous area bounded anteriorly and posteriorly by Applegate-Kennedy Classification Class V: Described as an edentulous area bounded anteriorly and posteriorly by](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-11.jpg)
Applegate-Kennedy Classification Class V: Described as an edentulous area bounded anteriorly and posteriorly by natural teeth but in which the anterior abutment(e. g. lateral incisor) is not suitable for support.
![Class VI is an edentulous situation in which the teeth adjacent to the space Class VI: is an edentulous situation in which the teeth adjacent to the space](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-12.jpg)
Class VI: is an edentulous situation in which the teeth adjacent to the space are capable of total support of the required prosthesis.
![Applegates Rules for Applying the Kennedy Classification Rule 1 Classification should follow rather than Applegate’s Rules for Applying the Kennedy Classification Rule 1. Classification should follow rather than](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-13.jpg)
Applegate’s Rules for Applying the Kennedy Classification Rule 1. Classification should follow rather than precede extractions that might alter the original classification. Rule 2. If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not considered in the classification.
![Rule 3 If a third molar is present and is to be used as Rule 3. If a third molar is present and is to be used as](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-14.jpg)
Rule 3. If a third molar is present and is to be used as an abutment, it is considered in the classification.
![Rule 4 If a second molar is missing and is not replaced that is Rule 4. If a second molar is missing and is not replaced (that is](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-15.jpg)
Rule 4. If a second molar is missing and is not replaced (that is the opposing molar is also missing and not to be replaced), it is not considered in the classification.
![Rule 5 The most posterior edentulous area or areas always determine the classification Rule 5. The most posterior edentulous area or areas always determine the classification](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-16.jpg)
Rule 5. The most posterior edentulous area or areas always determine the classification
![Rule 6 Edentulous areas other than those determining the classification are referred to as Rule 6. Edentulous areas other than those determining the classification are referred to as](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-17.jpg)
Rule 6. Edentulous areas other than those determining the classification are referred to as modification spaces and are designated by their number.
![Rule 7 The extent of the modification is not considered only the number of Rule 7. The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-18.jpg)
Rule 7. The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of additional edentulous areas. .
![Rule 8 There can be no modification areas in class IV arches Any edentulous Rule 8. There can be no modification areas in class IV arches. Any edentulous](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-19.jpg)
Rule 8. There can be no modification areas in class IV arches. Any edentulous area lying posterior to the single bilateral area determines the classification.
![Cummers classification 1920 Classification based on the number and the position of the direct Cummer’s classification: (1920) Classification based on the number and the position of the direct](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-20.jpg)
Cummer’s classification: (1920) Classification based on the number and the position of the direct retainers. Class I: A partially edentulous arch in which two diagonally opposite teeth are chosen as abutment teeth. Diagonal
![Class II A partially edentulous arch in which two diametrically opposite teeth are chosen Class II: A partially edentulous arch in which two diametrically opposite teeth are chosen](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-21.jpg)
Class II: A partially edentulous arch in which two diametrically opposite teeth are chosen as abutment teeth. Diametric
![Class III A partial edentulous arch in which one or more teeth on the Class III: A partial edentulous arch in which one or more teeth on the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-22.jpg)
Class III: A partial edentulous arch in which one or more teeth on the same side are chosen as abutment teeth. Unilateral
![Class IV Three direct retainers in a triangular rarely quadrangular relationship multilateral Class IV: Three direct retainers in a triangular (rarely quadrangular) relationship. multilateral](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-23.jpg)
Class IV: Three direct retainers in a triangular (rarely quadrangular) relationship. multilateral
![Bailyns classificationBailyns system 1928 üCharles Bailyn introduced this classification based on whether the prostheses Bailyn’s classification/Bailyn’s system (1928) üCharles Bailyn introduced this classification based on whether the prostheses](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-24.jpg)
Bailyn’s classification/Bailyn’s system (1928) üCharles Bailyn introduced this classification based on whether the prostheses is tooth borne, tissue borne or a combination of the two He divided all removable partial dentures into Anterior restorations – saddle areas (denture bases) anterior to the first bicuspids. Posterior restorations – saddle areas posterior to the cuspids.
![Sub classification Class I Abutment teeth present at each extremity of a saddle area Sub- classification Class I: Abutment teeth present at each extremity of a saddle area](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-25.jpg)
Sub- classification Class I: Abutment teeth present at each extremity of a saddle area representing a span of not more than three teeth. Class II: There is no distal abutment tooth. Class III: Tooth support at both extremities of the saddle area representing a span of more than three teeth Class I is tooth supported. Class II and Class III are tissue supported.
![Skinners classification Influenced by Cummers classification His classification had five classes of which few Skinners classification Influenced by Cummers classification. His classification had five classes of which few](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-26.jpg)
Skinners classification Influenced by Cummers classification. His classification had five classes of which few were similar to Cummers. Class I That group of removable partial denture which are related to both anterior and posterior to the denture base. These are found in both maxillary and mandibular arches and occur both unilaterally and bilaterally.
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-27.jpg)
![Class II That group of RPD in which all the teeth are posterior to Class II That group of RPD in which all the teeth are posterior to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-28.jpg)
Class II That group of RPD in which all the teeth are posterior to the denture base which functions as a partial denture unit.
![Class III That group in which all the abutment teeth are related anterior to Class III That group in which all the abutment teeth are related anterior to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-29.jpg)
Class III That group in which all the abutment teeth are related anterior to denture base which functions as a partial denture base
![Class IV That group in which the denture bases are both anterior and posterior Class IV That group in which the denture bases are both anterior and posterior](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-30.jpg)
Class IV That group in which the denture bases are both anterior and posterior to the remaining teeth. The abutment teeth are in the center/between the function denture bases.
![Class V is that group in which all of the abutment teeth are unilateral Class V: is that group in which all of the abutment teeth are unilateral](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-31.jpg)
Class V: is that group in which all of the abutment teeth are unilateral to the denture base.
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-32.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/3042250cdb9beb5b07b8e8bcfff69da8/image-33.jpg)
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