CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS Scientists assign organisms a twoword

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CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS

CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS

Scientists assign organisms a two-word name. (Binomial nomenclature) ►The history of this started with

Scientists assign organisms a two-word name. (Binomial nomenclature) ►The history of this started with Aristotle over 2, 000 years ago. He grouped plants & animals together by similar structures.

The science of naming and classifying organisms is called: ►TAXONOMY

The science of naming and classifying organisms is called: ►TAXONOMY

In the 1750’s Swedish biologist, Carolus Linnaeus invented binomial nomenclature.

In the 1750’s Swedish biologist, Carolus Linnaeus invented binomial nomenclature.

Scientific names must be UNIVERSAL…. ►so Latin is used… it is a “dead” language,

Scientific names must be UNIVERSAL…. ►so Latin is used… it is a “dead” language, so it does not “evolve”.

►Red oak ►Genus ►Quercus ►Scientific name ►Quercus rubra

►Red oak ►Genus ►Quercus ►Scientific name ►Quercus rubra

The system is a seven level grouping: ► ► ► ► 1. Kingdom, contains

The system is a seven level grouping: ► ► ► ► 1. Kingdom, contains phyla 2. Phylum, contains classes 3. Class, contains orders 4. Order, contains families 5. Family, contains genera 6. Genus, contains species 7. Species, a group of organisms that can breed

Memorize this list!!!!! ►Kings play chess on fat guys stomachs. ►Kentucky Plants Can Originate

Memorize this list!!!!! ►Kings play chess on fat guys stomachs. ►Kentucky Plants Can Originate From Good Soil (-Marcus Thompson, 2007)

Honey Bees are classified this way: = Animalia ►Phylum = Arthropoda ►Class = Insecta

Honey Bees are classified this way: = Animalia ►Phylum = Arthropoda ►Class = Insecta ►Order = Hymenoptera ►Family = Apidae ►Genus = Apis ►Species = Apis mellifera ►Kingdom

TAXONOMY REVEALS EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY ►Convergent evolution means that organisms that live in similar environments

TAXONOMY REVEALS EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY ►Convergent evolution means that organisms that live in similar environments evolve similar features. ►These similar features are called analogous characters.

The evolutionary history of a species is called it phylogeny. Scientists use Cladistics to

The evolutionary history of a species is called it phylogeny. Scientists use Cladistics to build phylogenies. ►Cladistics is a system of taxonomy that recognizes phylogenies by inferring relationships. ►

Cladogram

Cladogram

2 SYSTEMS FOR CLASSIFYING LIFE! ► ► ► ► I. = 6 -KINGDOM SYSTEM

2 SYSTEMS FOR CLASSIFYING LIFE! ► ► ► ► I. = 6 -KINGDOM SYSTEM Animalia Plantae Protista Fungi Eubacteria Archaebacteria

and. . ►II. = 3 -DOMAIN system ►Domain Archaea ►Domain Bacteria ►Domain Eukarya

and. . ►II. = 3 -DOMAIN system ►Domain Archaea ►Domain Bacteria ►Domain Eukarya

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