Citing Your Sources Direct Quotes Paraphrasing InText Citation

Citing Your Sources Direct Quotes Paraphrasing In-Text Citation Works Cited

True/False ____1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. ____2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. ____3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. ____4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. ____5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. ____6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False __F_1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. ____2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. ____3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. ____4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. ____5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. ____6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False _F__1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. _T__2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. ____3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. ____4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. ____5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. ____6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False _F__1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. _T__2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. _F__3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. ____4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. ____5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. ____6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False _F__1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. _T__2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. _F__3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. _T__4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. ____5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. ____6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False _F__1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. _T__2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. _F__3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. _T__4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. _T__5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. ____6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False _F__1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. _T__2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. _F__3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. _T__4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. _T__5. We should only use a quote when the wording is striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. _F__6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. ____7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

True/False _F__1. Every paragraph should probably have a quote. _T__2. Paraphrasing is when we use our own words to restate or summarize someone else’s idea. _F__3. We should treat short and long quotes the same in our paper. _T__4. Most often, paraphrasing is better than using a quote. _T__5. We should only use a quote when the wording striking or when it makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. _F__6. In-text citation is the “Works Cited” page at the end of our paper. _F__7. For in-text citation, we need the title of the source in a parenthesis.

Why do we need to cite sources • 1) Lends ethos (credibility) to you as a writer and strengthens your argument • 2) Shows you’ve done your homework by researching/reading through a lot on the topic • 3) Gives credit where credit is due (so you’re not stealing ideas= plagiarism) • 4) Allows the reader to easily get to the original source themselves

Two types of citations: Direct Quotation Vs. Paraphrase Identical to original text. You place these in quotation marks. “ “ Example: “We were somewhere around Barstow on the edge of the desert when the drugs began to take hold” (Thompson 3). Putting a passage of text into your own words. It is typically shorter than the original source material. Example: Duke explains the beginning of his journey within the desert as being druginduced

Direct Quotation Vs. Paraphrase Notice that we cite both direct quotations and the paraphrase. These are both considered to be in-text citations. “We were somewhere around Barstow on the edge of the desert when the drugs began to take hold” (Thompson 3). Duke explains the beginning of his journey within the desert as being drug-induced (Thompson 3). If we prelude the citation with the author’s name, we do not need to include their name within the citation. Example: Tolkien states, “I suppose hobbits need some description nowadays, since they have become rare and shy of the Big People, as they call us” (2).

Direct Quotation Vs. Paraphrase Notice that we cite both direct quotations and the paraphrase. These are both considered to be in-text citations. “We were somewhere around Barstow on the edge of the desert when the drugs began to take hold” (Thompson 3). Duke explains the beginning of his journey within the desert as being drug-induced (Thompson 3). If we prelude the citation with the author’s name, we do not need to include their name within the citation. Example: Tolkien states, “I suppose hobbits need some description nowadays, since they have become rare and shy of the Big People, as they call us” (2).

Block Quotes When a quote is longer than four lines, we treat it differently within the text than we normally would. For example: Tolkien continues to explain the qualities of hobbits: There is little or no magic about them, except the ordinary everyday sort which helps them to disappear quietly and quickly when large stupid folk like you and me come blundering along. (2) This explanation paints a picture of hobbits as being rather nonexistent within the realm of the modernday human.

Quotations When should we use a quote, as opposed to a paraphrase? n. When the authors wording is striking n. The wording is worth repeating or makes a point so well that no paraphrase will do it justice. n. You want to cite the exact words of a known authority. n. The author challenges or disagrees with some of your other sources.

Other Rules for Using Quotes • You can leave out parts of a quote (skip parts) by using ellipses (…) • Indicate additions or changes with brackets: “[he] said the study was incomplete. ” • Include a PAGE NUMBER in parenthesis, after the author’s last name: (Obama, 2007, p. 48). APA (Obama 48). MLA • The citation in parenthesis should be inside the sentence, before the period.

Introduce your quote. Don’t just plop it in. Use an introductory phrase that introduces the author/source. Put a comma before the quote. List the page number after the quotation but before the period. EXAMPLE: MLA Writing about the power of computers, Sherry Turkle stated, “When I want to write and I don’t have a computer, I tend to wait until I do” (29).

Introduce your quote. Don’t just plop it in. Use an introductory phrase that introduces the author/source. Put a comma before the quote. List the page number after the quotation but before the period. EXAMPLE: APA Writing about the power of computers, Sherry Turkle (2009) stated, “When I want to write and I don’t have a computer, I tend to wait until I do” (p. 29).

Multiple Authors • For two or more authors use each authors last name: Tannen and Smith (1990) observe, “the woman fears losing intimacy. ”(p. 282) OR They claim that, “the woman fears losing intimacy” (Tannen & Smith, 1990).

Paraphrase • Restate the information in your own words, using your own sentence structures. • Use when: • The source material is important, but the original wording is not. • The original wording isn’t particularly striking, and you can write it in your own words. • Most of the time!

How To Paraphrase • Use your own words and sentence structure. • Name the author in a SIGNAL PHRASE: “Jacobs claimed that…” • “Jacobs stated that. . ” • “Jacobs argued, “. . . proclaimed that. . . . pointed out, “. . . • Use a brief IN-TEXT citation afterward: “…(Jacobs 2011). ” • MLA (Author page #) APA (Author, year, p. #)

How To Paraphrase • Use your own words and sentence structure. • Name the author in a SIGNAL PHRASE: “Jacobs claimed that…” • “Jacobs stated that. . ” • “Jacobs argued, “. . . proclaimed that. . . . pointed out, “. . . • Use a brief IN-TEXT citation afterward: “…(Jacobs 345). ”. . . ” (Jacobs, 2002, p. 345). • MLA (Author page #) APA (Author, year, p. #)

Paraphrasing Text from Roger Ebert’s film review: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s is surprisingly faithful to the novel. The novel by J. K. Rowling was muscular and vivid, and the danger was that the movie would make things too cute and cuddly. It doesn’t. Like an Indiana Jones for younger viewers, it tells a rip-roaring tale of supernatural adventure, where colorful and eccentric characters alternate with chilling scares.

Example of Paraphrasing First Option: • In Ebert’s opinion, the film is a faithful rendition of the first Harry Potter novel, an adventure story in the tradition of Indiana Jones films. It offers an exciting, yet frightening adventure story with memorable characters (2009).

Example of Paraphrasing First Option: • In Ebert’s opinion, the film is a faithful rendition of the first Harry Potter novel, an adventure story in the tradition of Indiana Jones films. It offers an exciting, yet frightening adventure story with memorable characters (2009).

Example of Paraphrasing Second Option: • The film is a faithful rendition of the first Harry Potter novel, an adventure story in the tradition of Indiana Jones films. It offers an exciting, yet frightening adventure story with memorable characters (Ebert, 2009).

Let’s get into groups

Work with your group to paraphrase this section of a book. You don’t need every detail, just the main point: Author: Al Gore Book Title: Earth in the Balance Year: 1992 Page: 44 The insistence on complete certainty about the full details of global warming--the most serious threat we have ever faced--is actually an effort to avoid facing the awful, uncomfortable truth: that we must act boldly, decisively, comprehensively, and quickly, even before we know every last detail about the crisis. Those who continue to argue that the appropriate response is merely additional research are simply seeking to protect their vested interest in the status quo.

Now, paraphrase this text using a different way to cite: Author: Martin Keeley News Year: 2004 Page: 7 Source: BBC Global warming is indeed a scam, perpetrated by scientists with vested interests, but in need of crash courses in geology, logic and the philosophy of science.

The “Works Cited” Page This should be on its own page and look something like this. . . • Last page of paper • Title the page “Works Cited” or “References” without bold or underline • Entries should be alphabetized • Each line after the first should be inserted one “Tab” • Visit http: //owl. english. purdue. ed u/owl/resource/747/05/ for a detailed explanation for citing all forms of

Exchange papers and. . • Write a star wherever you think a citation is missing and needed in the text. • Write a next a quote if you think it can be a paraphrase instead. • Put “ “where you think a quote would be nice to add. • When you see a citation, quickly flip to the “Works Cited” page to see if you can easily find it. It should be easy--what’s in the parenthesis should match the first word of that source in the Works Cited list. If it does not, put a next to the citation. • Make any edits that you see in spelling/grammar.