Paraphrasing connecting quotes Writing notes Connecting quotes Lead

Connecting quotes Lead in to the research, show your research connects to your topic,

Introducing quotes Lea d in ent/ m Com ection n Con

Your body paragraph Topic sentence Lead-in Research Explanation/Connection Research Explanation Make a research sandwich

Paraphrasing quotes We don’t want all your research to be in the form of

Paraphrasing quotes Still need to cite quotes & paraphrases! Cite=(Author’s last name) or (Article

Which one is the best paraphrase? Too many “Culture is the characteristics and knowledge

What is going on here? DCTs have been shown to be effective representations of

What is going on here? Since then, other studies have proposed the distinction of

What is going on here? “Individuals in one culture may apologize for one action

Right or wrong? Kerschner writes that students must be educated to become not only

Right or wrong? They can see how speakers affect the language and “how the

Right or wrong? Canner states, “In my classes, I like to provide models from

What to do now: Focus on the body paragraphs 1. Change ½ the quotes

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Paraphrasing & connecting quotes Writing notes

Connecting quotes Lead in to the research, show your research connects to your topic, and show who your research connects together Don’t just plop quotes in the paragraph Don’t just list them Before: “______ is explained here…” Before: “According to…, the _____ is very clear…” After: “This means that…” After: “This shows that…”

Introducing quotes Lea d in ent/ m Com ection n Con

Introducing quotes

Your body paragraph Topic sentence Lead-in Research Explanation/Connection Research Explanation Make a research sandwich

Paraphrasing quotes We don’t want all your research to be in the form of quotes Paraphrase=saying a quote in your own words; shows greater understanding and helps the research fit better in your writing Sound completely different but show the same idea Bad paraphrase=plagiarism

Paraphrasing quotes Still need to cite quotes & paraphrases! Cite=(Author’s last name) or (Article title) We are still giving credit to the original source “Quotation marks” are only for quotes

Which one is the best paraphrase? Too many “Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular of the same group of people” words Too many a. Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people. of the b. Culture is the knowledge of a group of people. same words c. Culture refers to the qualities and ideas of a certain group. Not the same idea d. Culture is all the groups of the world together.

What is going on here? DCTs have been shown to be effective representations of culture (Murata). Paraphrase

What is going on here? Since then, other studies have proposed the distinction of various sub-categories. Lead in/connection

What is going on here? “Individuals in one culture may apologize for one action whereas individuals from another culture may see no need to apologize” (Murata) Quote

Right or wrong? Kerschner writes that students must be educated to become not only familiar with but also respectful of other cultures. Paraphrase

Right or wrong? They can see how speakers affect the language and “how the language affects its speakers” (Pugh). Right

Right or wrong? Canner states, “In my classes, I like to provide models from the writing of minority scholars to show what multilingual students can achieve in their writing. ” WRONG Needs citation

What to do now: Focus on the body paragraphs 1. Change ½ the quotes to paraphrases Keep the (citation) but lose the “ “ 2. Add lead-ins and connections Make research sandwiches