CARPENTRY TOOLS o Classification of Carpentry Tools 1

CARPENTRY TOOLS o Classification of Carpentry Tools 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Marking and setting out Cutting Boring Planing tools Hammers and screw drivers 6) Cramping and holding 7) Miscellaneous BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 1

CARPENTRY TOOLS Marking and setting out o Marking lines /points on wood 1. Square : To set right angles 2. Bevel : To set angles other than a right angles 3. Marking gauge and mortise gauge: For marking lines parallel to the edges 4. Marking point and scribing knife: To mark points and lines on wood BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 2

Cutting tools o Tool used for cutting wood - Compass saw o Tools used for cutting timber members are -Coping saw, Cross –cut saw , Dovetail saw o Tools used for cutting and shaping joints are –Tenon Saw, Firmer Chisel, Mortise Chisel, Paring Chisel BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 3

Boring o Used for driving holes in timber members o Rachet brace: -cutting bit is attatched to its lower end and the bit is rotataed with the help of brace handle o Centre Bit, Auger Bit, Rose Counter –Sunk Bit, Screw Drive Bit: Used for boring holes of different size and shapes o Brad Awl , Pointed Awl: These have sharpened and pointed ends wirth the help of which small and fine holes can be made. o Gimlet: It has screwed end with which small holes can be bored o Auger: Used for deep boring BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 4

Planing tools o Used for Planing surface and for cutting small mouldings along the edges o Bead plane o Jack plane o Rebate plane BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 5

Hammers and screw drivers o Used for driving nails and screws and other fastenings o Claw Hammer, Mallet Hammer, Spall Hammer, Waller’s Hammer. o Screw Driver, Ratchet Screw Driver BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 6

Miscellaneous o Cramp: For clamping timber , to cut or make groove. o Nail punch: Making small hole before driving nail so that timber does not split on surface o Oil stone: Various tools and blades o Pincers & Pliers: For taking out damaged nails BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 7

Fastenings o Timber joints are secured in position with the help of following commonly used fastenings o o o o o Wire nails Cut nails Floor brads Lath nails Treenail Pins Screws Coach screw Bolts Spikes BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 9

o Connecters o Dig o o o Dowels Sockets Straps Wedges Fasteners BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 10

Fixtures and fastenings o o Hinges Bolts Handles Locks BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 11

Hinges o o o o o back flap hinge Butt hinge Counter flap hinge Garnet hinge Nar madi hinge Parliamnetry hinge Pin hinge Rising butt hinge Strap hinge Spring hinge BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 12

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Latch o Any wood or metal device that is attached to a door or window to keep it closed o The latch consists of plain bar of wood or metal which is attached to door or gate and is pivoted so that it can be raised by hand above a hook or keep attached to door or window frame. o These simple crude devices serve the purpose of keeping the door or window in the closed position BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 14

Handle BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 15

Locks o o A lock is any device of wood or metal which is attached to a door or window to keep it closed by the operation of a bolt that moves horizontally into a striking plate or staple fixed to door or window frame Most locks are made of steel or brass and combine the operation of keeping doors and windows closed with a latch bolt operated by handle or lever and keeping doors and windows securely shut by the operation of a loose key to move a lock bolt BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 16

Rat trap bond o The rat trap bond (RTB) was first introduced by eminent architect Laurie Baker in India and supported by HUDCO. o In the RTB bricks are placed on edge in 1: 6 cement mortar as shown in the picture. With this technique there is reduction in cost of the wall by 25% as with conventional English bond (9’’thk wall) 350 bricks are required per cu. m whereas in Rattrap bond only 280 bricks are required and also the reduced number of joints reduces the mortar consumption. No plastering of the outside face is required and the wall usually is quite aesthetically pleasing and the air gaps created within the wall help make the house thermally comfortable. o o BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 18

Rat trap bond o o o In summer the temperature inside the house is usually atleast 5 degrees lower that the outside ambient temperature and vice versa in winter. Thus the main advantages of using Rat trap bond are: Reduction in cost of the wall by 25%. The reduction in number of joints, reduces mortar. · 25% less dead weight, 18% savings in bricks and 54% savings in cement mortar Thermally comfortable & Aesthetically pleasing. BTM I Ar. Mahua Biswas 19