WHAT ARE SOME METRIC MEASUREMENT TOOLS THAT SCIENTISTS

WHAT ARE SOME METRIC MEASUREMENT TOOLS THAT SCIENTISTS USE TO MAKE QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATIONS? Department of Mathematics and Science

What tools do scientists use to measure length or distance? ruler tape measure meter stick Department of Mathematics and Science

What is Length? • Length- is the distance between two points. • How long is the screw in centimeters? It is 5. 1 centimeters. • Remember to measure to the smallest place value the tool allows and use decimals. Department of Mathematics and Science

Metric Units What are the metric units for measuring length or distance ? Units include the meter, centimeter and the millimeter. The basic unit of length in the metric system in the meter and is represented by a lowercase m. Metric Units 1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 meters Click the image to watch a short video about the meter. 1 Meter = 100 Centimeters (cm) 1 Meter = 1000 Millimeters (mm) Which is longer? A. 1 meter or 105 centimeters C. 12 centimeters or 102 millimeters B. 4 kilometers or 4400 meters D. 1200 millimeters or 1 meter Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net Department of Mathematics and Science

Measuring Length How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter? 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters What is the length of the line in centimeters? _______cm What is the length of the line in millimeters? _______mm What is the length of the line in centimeter? ____ HINT: Measure to the smallest place value the tool allows – use decimals. The line is 3. 2 cm. Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net Department of Mathematics and Science

What tools do scientists use to measure volume? • Measuring cups • Graduated cylinders • Beakers • Measuring spoons • Rulers or meter sticks or tape measures Department of Mathematics and Science

Metric Units What is volume? Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. The base unit of volume in the metric system in the liter and is represented by L or l. Metric Units 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (m. L) 1 milliliter (m. L) = 1 cm 3 (or cc) = 1 gram (with water) Which is larger? A. 1 liter or 1500 milliliters Click the image to watch a short video about volume. B. 200 milliliters or 1. 2 liters Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net / Department of Mathematics and Science

Measuring Volume Graduated cylinders are tools used to find the volume of liquids. Here’s how: Read the measurement based on the bottom of the meniscus or curve. * When using a real cylinder, make sure you are eye-level with the level of the water. What is the volume of water in the cylinder? 43 m. L *What causes the meniscus? The liquid in the graduated cylinder generally tends to stick to the sides of the cylinder. That is why for water and similar liquids we read the bottom. Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net Department of Mathematics and Science

Measuring Volume of Liquids What is the volume of liquid in each cylinder? 52 m. L Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net 37 m. L Department of Mathematics and Science 22. 5 m. L

Measuring Volume of Solids 9 cm 8 cm 10 cm What tool can be used to measure the volume of an object with the shape of a rectangular prism? We can measure using a ruler and the formula: length ___ x width ___ x height ___ = ______ cm 3 What can be used to measure the volume of irregular shaped object (rock) ? water displacement using a graduated cylinder Amount of H 2 O with object = ______ About of H 2 O without object = ______ Difference = (rock) Volume = ______ Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net Department of Mathematics and Science

What tools do scientists use to measure mass? Balance & gram pieces Pan balance & gram pieces Triple Beam Balance Electronic balance Department of Mathematics and Science

Metric Units What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object. The base unit of mass in the metric system in the gram and is represented by g. Metric Units Click the image to watch a short video about mass. 1 Kilogram (km) = 1000 Grams (g) 1 Gram (g) = 1000 Milligrams (mg) Which is larger? A. 1 kilogram or 1500 grams C. 12 milligrams or 12 kilograms B. 1200 milligrams or 1 gram D. 4 kilograms or 4500 grams Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net/ Department of Mathematics and Science

Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance A triple-beam balance can be used to find the mass of various objects. 1 st – Place the object on the pan. 2 nd – Slide the large weight to the right until the arm drops below the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it “locks” into place. 3 rd – Repeat this process with the top weight. When the arm moves below the line, back it up one groove. 4 th – Slide the small weight on the front beam until the lines match up. 5 th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearest tenth of a gram. Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net/ Department of Mathematics and Science

Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance A triple-beam balance can be used to find the mass of various objects. The objects are placed on the pan and then you move the weights on the beams until you get the lines on the right -side of the scale to match up. Once you have it balanced , you add up the amounts on each beam to find the total mass. What would be the mass of the object measured in the picture? Adapted from T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net/ _______ + _______ = ____ g Department of Mathematics and Science

What tools do scientists use to measure weight? • Spring Scale • Pan Scale Department of Mathematics and Science

What is weight? • Weight is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object. What units are used to measure weight? • Newtons (N) and grams (g) Department of Mathematics and Science

How to use a spring scale Spring 1. Hold the spring scale in one hand so that the hook is hanging downward. 2. Be sure that you hold it high enough so you can see the scale clearly. 3. Look at the center of the scale for the units the scale uses. It will be grams and /or Newtons. 4. Check that round platform is set at zero (x) on the scale. 5. Hook the object you are weighing onto the hook that hangs down from the scale. If there is a basket or pan suspended below the scale, place the object on the pan. 6. Wait for the spring to stop moving up and down. Once it stops moving, look at the markings on the side of the scale and record the weight. On most scales it can be recorded in both grams and Newtons. X Department of Mathematics and Science

Look at the spring scale drawings below, up to how many Newtons will they measure? Each spring scale measures up to five Newtons (N). How many parts is each Newton divided into? ten parts How many Newtons? 0. 7 N Department of Mathematics and Science

What are these WEIGHT measurements? A. B C 3. 4 N 4. 9 N 0. 6 N Department of Mathematics and Science

What tools do scientists use to measure temperature? Thermometers Department of Mathematics and Science

What is temperature? • Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. • It is the measure of the heat or thermal energy in a substance. • It is the average speed of the particles in a substance. Department of Mathematics and Science

Measuring Temperature • There are two different scales we will use to measure temperature. • Fahrenheit scale – water freezes at 320 and boils at 2120 F • Celsius (centigrade) scale- water freezes at 00 C and boils at 1000 C Click on the hyperlink below for an Interactive Thermometer Department of Mathematics and Science

Brain Check Measurement Tool 3. Spring Scale A. Newtons B. Degrees Celsius C. Milliliters 4. Graduated cylinder D. Grams 5. Thermometer E. Centimeters 1. Ruler /Tape measure 2. Balance Metric Unit *How does measurement help us know about the world? Department of Mathematics and Science