CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION Energy Efficiency All negawatts are

CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION Energy Efficiency: All negawatts are created equal, but some are more equal than others Robert Weisenmiller Chair, California Energy Commission Keith Casey Vice President, Markets and Infrastructure Development, California ISO Edward Randolph Energy Division Director, California Public Utilities Commission January 28, 2013

Collaboration Efforts • The CPUC, CEC and ISO are working together to address State and Federal mandates • All collaboration takes into account multiple state interests – – – 2 Loading order, including energy efficiency and demand response Reliability Cost Renewable Energy Greenhouse Gas Reductions Water/Energy Nexus

California Energy Commission The California Energy Commission is the state's primary energy policy and planning agency. Created by the Legislature in 1974 and has eight basic responsibilities as it sets state energy policy: • Forecasting: Forecasts future energy needs and maintains historical energy data • Permitting: Permits thermal power plants 50 MW or larger • R&D: Administers the research and development program, advancing science and technology in energy related fields • Energy Efficiency: Promotes energy efficiency by setting the state's appliance and building standards (Title 20 & 24) 3 • Renewable Energy: Supports the development of renewables through certification of facilities and verification of generation • Contingency Planning: Plans for and directs the State’s response to energy emergencies • Transportation: Supports the deployment of alternative and renewable fuel sources • IEPR: Publishes the Integrated Energy Policy Report – the State’s energy policy document

California Independent System Operator The ISO, established in 1998, manages the flow of electricity across the high-voltage, long-distance power lines that make up 80 percent of California’s power grid. The nonprofit public benefit corporation safeguards the economy and well-being of 30 million Californians by “keeping the lights” on 24/7. • Grid Operations: Operates the electric grid reliably, efficiently and cost effectively for about 80% of California. • Markets: Facilitates effective spot markets for energy and reserves. Enables real-time dispatch of renewable resources. • Transmission: Provides fair and open transmission access. • Planning: Plan and identify future grid infrastructure needs consistent with state and federal mandates. 4 • Generator Interconnection: Facilitates the generator interconnection process. • Settlements: Calculates bills, and invoices charges and payments for market and transmission-related activities between market participants and the ISO. • Market Monitoring: Keeps a close watch on the efficiency and effectiveness of the ancillary service, congestion management and real-time spot markets.

California Public Utilities Commission The CPUC regulates privately owned electric, natural gas, telecommunications, water, railroad, rail transit, and passenger transportation companies, in addition to authorizing video franchises. CPUC role in procurement: Through PU Code § 380 and 454. 5, the CPUC is tasked with: System reliability: Establishes and enforces year ahead Resource Adequacy Rules. Authorizing procurement for new resources: Through LTPP establish 10 year supply forecasts (using CEC’s forecasts and ISO TPP as base). Approve all resource procurement – through specific applications or through procurement plans. Energy Efficiency and Demand Response: Loading order provides that utilities must first meet unmet resource needs through all available EE and demand reduction resources that are cost effective, reliable, and feasible. 5

CEC Statewide Electricity 10 -Year Peak Demand Forecast (2012 -2022) 6

Forecasting EE Has Many Steps CPUC EE Programs & EM&V* IEPR Assumptions Workshop CAISO Planning Assumptions 7 CEC Analysis and Demand Analysis Working Group CPUC EE Goals Study IEPR Preliminary Forecast and Incremental EE Workshops CEC IEPR Adopted Demand Forecast CEC IEPR Adopted Incremental EE Forecast

EE and Procurement Planning Cycle CPUC EE Programs & EM&V* CEC IEPR Adopted Demand Forecast ISO Transmission Planning Process ISO New Transmission Authorization CEC Analysis CEC Incremental EE Forecast CPUC Long Term Procurement Proceeding CPUC Resource Authorization & Procurement Plans *Evaluation, measurement and verification provides an estimate of the historic accomplishment of the program activities, and is provided to the CEC for use in adjusting their base demand forecast 8 At each step, parties and stakeholders to the proceedings have opportunities to provide their comments through a public process

2012/2013 Transmission Plan Cycle May 2012 March 2013 October 2013 ISO Board Approval of Transmission Plan Coordination of Conceptual Statewide Plan Phase 1 Development of ISO unified planning assumptions and study plan Phase 3 Phase 2 • Incorporates State and Federal policy directives Technical Studies and Board Approval • CEC Adopted Demand Forecasts • CPUC/CEC Renewable Resource Portfolios Receive proposals to build identified policy and economic transmission projects. • Reliability analysis • Renewable delivery analysis • Congestion analysis • Input from stakeholders • Publish comprehensive transmission plan • Ongoing stakeholder meetings • ISO Board approval Continued regional and sub-regional coordination 9

Energy Efficiency procurement process 1. CPUC EE Portfolio Guidance Decision (most recent was for 2013, 2014) - Sets portfolio goals based on potential study - Identifies program areas that utilities should target in proposed programs (e. g. , financing, whole house focus, etc. ) - Refines existing program rules as needed (cost-effectiveness inputs, reporting requirements, etc. ) 2. Utility Applications - Propose programs to meet goals and conform with other directives in Guidance Decision - Calculate cost-effectiveness of proposed portfolios using adopted cost-effective formulas and inputs 3. CPUC Application Decision - Authorizes portfolios, adjusted as deemed appropriate by the CPUC 10

Energy Efficiency avoided costs & cost-effectiveness • EE programs provide two types of energy benefits – they avoid new infrastructure costs (power plants and transmission lines) AND they reduce the amount that existing plants run. • Reduced electricity and gas consumption accounts for the majority of EE -driven bill reductions. • Our EE cost-effectiveness calculator was augmented in 2010 to adjust avoided costs by climate zone, so measures that reduce peak demand (such as air conditioners) in warmer areas receive extra credit. 11

2012 LTPP demand forecast with and without Energy Efficiency* 79000 System 1 in 2 Peak Demand (MW) 74000 69000 64000 59000 54000 49000 2012 LTPP demand w/o IUEE 12 2012 LTPP demand w/ IUEE 20 22 20 21 20 20 20 19 20 18 20 17 20 16 20 15 20 14 20 13 20 12 44000 2012 LTPP w/o any EE *Megawatts for CPUC’s jurisdictional area

Energy Commission efficiency programs • • Title 20 Appliance Efficiency Standards Title 24 Building Efficiency Standards AB 758 Comprehensive Efficiency for Existing Buildings Energy Conservation Assistance Act plus American Reinvestment and Recovery Act funding • SB 1037/AB 2021 – Energy efficiency investments by public utilities 13

CEC Demand Forecast Greatly Reduced Capacity Growth Expectations Growth rate of 7. 38% Growth rate of 1. 47% 14 Source: 1981 Energy Commission Biennial Report, p. 86

California’s Per Capita Electricity Consumption Remains Flat 15

CA Added Fewer Power Plants than United States Over last 20 Years Location 1990 # of Generator s 1990 2010 # of Nameplat generator e capacity s (MW) 2010 Percent Nameplat capacity e capacity change (MW) California 739 55, 026 803 72, 570 31. 9% United States 5318 783, 012 6, 417 1, 138, 638 45. 4% 16 Source: U. S. Energy Information Administration, see http: //www. eia. gov/electricity/data/state/

Collaborative Activities • Energy Principals • Long-Term Procurement Plan • California Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32) • • • Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan Bay Delta Hydro South Coast Air Emission needs (AB 1318) • • Transmission Planning Process Operating Flexibility / Renewable Integration • Integrated Energy Policy Report • Distribution level interconnection (Rule 21 Interconnection) • Energy Efficiency Building Retrofits (AB 758) • Climate Action Team • Summer Reliability Planning: San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station Outage • Statewide Advisory Committee on Cooling Water Intake Structures 17 • Water-Energy Team • • • Combined Heat and Power Task Force Demand Response Distributed Generation Deliverability