Bell Ringer 101314 What is Papyrus Bell Ringer

Bell Ringer 10/13/14 What is Papyrus?

Bell Ringer 10/14/14 What is a mold & a deckle? (Two different things)

Mold is a frame with a screen that the deckle rest on top of. Deckle is an open frame used to create the size & shape of the paper.

Bell Ringer 10/15/14 What is couching? Pronouced – “coo – ching” (French for “to lay”) Process of transferring new wet paper to the felt and pressing the excess water out.

Bell Ringer 10/20/14 What is a Piñata? A container often made of papier-mâché, or pottery; it is decorated, and filled with small toys and candy and then broken as part of a ceremony or celebration.

Bell Ringer 10/21/14 Where did the Piñata originate?

Bell Ringer 10/22/14 When using strips of newspaper – which papier mache method are you using?

Bell Ringer 10/23/14 SKETCHBOOK CHECK tomorrow! ***Get to work. Progress Reports on my desk.

Paper from Papyrus: a marsh grass that grows by the Nile River. To form sheets of papyrus, the bark was peeled off and the inner stems cut and laid on fabric in rows. The stems were then pounded until the fibers softened and released gluelike fluid, which was pressed out. The sheets were then dried. The longer pieces were made by gluing the pieces together with a flour-and-water paste to form a long scroll.

History of Paper Timeline Culture 5, 000 years ago Egypt Aztecs, Mayas, and Pacific Islanders Medieval Era Early Europeans Materials Final Product Papyrus (from a Papyrus Plant) Papyrus, Scrolls Tree Bark Animal Skins Scrolls, Sheets Parchment: is a thin material made from animal hide; often calfskin, sheepskin or goatskin. In 105 AD the Chinese developed the first true paper, similar to what we use today.

How is Paper made? Cellulose is the primary ingredient in paper. It is a cell fiber acquired by taking specific plants through a process of beating, soaking, boiling, screening, and pressing. Cotton, wheat, straw or even sugarcane can be among the plants chosen, but wood from trees is the most commonly used source of cellulose.

Today’s Assignment: Using your cell phone (or other techno. device)… Find a website that gives you the modern-day directions to making homemade paper. (Write the website down) Write down each step in the directions for papermaking. (There should be about 10 steps. ) Then begin step ONE of the paper-making process… I will review this step with you at 10: 40 AM. You will need to finish this step for homework.

Papier Mâché (French for “Chewed Paper”) Papier Mâché is a material made from strips or shreds of paper soaked in a binder of glue or paste. Papier Mâché is commonly used by artists worldwide to create piñatas, carnival floats and festive costumes.

History of Papier Mâché The origin of papier mâché Beginning in the 17 th is at least as ancient as the century, French invention of paper itself. craftspeople used papier mâché in commercial Paper was developed in applications. They China during the Han manufactured furniture dynasty, 202 BC to 220 AD. and decorative ornaments. Artifacts such as helmets and pot lids, attributed to England imported a lot of Chinese and Japanese this dynasty were made lacquer work and it soon out of what has been became the rage. Items described as papier mâché. ranged from chairs, cabins in ships, doors, mantelpieces, writing desks, and four-poster beds.

To Armature or not? Papier Mâché form without an armature is lightweight, quite strong and rigid, but without an armature for support it can collapse if too much weight or stress is placed upon it. This is why larger forms have armatures constructed for support. While the wet material is curing (drying), the armature must be able to keep its strength and shape. Armatures can be made out of many materials, depending on the shape, size, or purpose.

To Armature or not? Indirect Method Direct Method If the final work is to be If the armature can hollow, then the armature must be of a removable material. Temporary armatures made from clay and Styrofoam are common for this method. remain – the “direct” method – it is made of lightweight material, such as chicken wire with wood support, recyclables, or paper packed lightly and tied/taped into a shape

Papier Mâché Techniques The Layer Method The Pulp Method Literally means the Involves using paper is applied in layers. pulverized paper pulp to complete the sculpture. You can also combine the two methods.

Papier Mâché Techniques: The Layering Method Begin by tearing strips of newspaper and dipping the torn strips into a THINGS TO REMEMBER: bowl of paste/binder. Do NOT oversaturate the Remove the strips and strips with paste. Not only pull through the fingers will this increase drying to remove excess paste, time, but it will also then add over the weaken the structure. armature. Layers should overlap each other crisscross for more support.

Papier Mâché Techniques: The Pulp Method The advantage of this method is that pulp can be modeled, creating textures and 3 D (raised) designs not possible with the layer method. Begin by blending the paper/pulp with a binder/paste. Then apply in limited thickness, by firming pressed into the surface. THINGS TO REMEMBER: The mix should be somewhere between milk and cream consistency. If the thickness of the pulp layer exceeds ¼ inch, the drying time will greatly be extended. Keep the layers thin!