Updates at Nagoya univ K Inami Nagoya Photon

Updates at Nagoya univ. K. Inami (Nagoya) - Photon detector R&D - Lifetime improvements - Simulation design study 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM

Photon detector R&D • Square-shape multi-anode MCP-PMT – – Multi-alkali photo-cathode Gain=1. 5 x 106 @B=1. 5 T T. T. S. (single photon): ~35 ps @B=1. 5 T Position resolution: <5 mm σ=34. 2± 0. 4 ps QE [%] • Semi-mass-production (14 PMTs) QE： 24%@400 nm TDC [1 count/25 ps] TTS＜ 40 ps for all channels 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM Wavelength [nm] Ave. QE： 17%@400 nm 2

Lifetime issue • Lifetime test with round-shape MCP-PMT – – – HPK R 3809 U MCP with 10 mm pore Multi-alkali p. c. Aluminum protection on 1 st MCP Recent production: CT 108 X Relative QE • Initial Q. E. ; 20% at 400 nm • Initial Gain; 4 x 106 – TTS keeps <40 ps. – Need to improve for initial Q. E. and initial aging – Slope seems to be manageable. • We can expect to improve during R&D. 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM Relative Gain ~3 super-B years Output charge (m. C/cm 2) 3

R&D status QE before againg • Multi-alkali p. c. SL 10 – Added many protection for gas and ion feedback Improved lifetime • ex. JT 0087 • Obtained normal Gain and TTS – Even with improved correction efficiency (~35% ~60%) QE after againg Old type Preliminary result from HPK • Put Al protection layer on 2 nd MCP • ex. XM 0007 New Old • Ga. As. P p. c. SL 10 – HPK successfully produced with rather reliable process. – Still need the reduction of dark current and lifetime test. 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM Measured at Nagoya 4 1 B 2 year ~ 0. 7 C/cm 2

QE at 400 nm R&D status XM 0001 • Prototype performance – 3 pieces from HPK – QE: reasonable multi-alkali p. c. • Still need to improve – Enough gain: ~5 x 105 – Reasonable TTS: s=35~45 ps – CE: ~55% • Basic performance is OK. TDC vs ADC Cross-talk TDC after correction Lifetime test at Nagoya soon. New improved type will be ready at the end of this month. 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 5

Cross-talk • XM 0001; HV=– 3400 V – Height of cross-talk pulse: 1/10 of signal – Similar wth previous studies ~80 m. V ~8 m. V 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 6

Design study • Check performance for several designs – With actual effects • MCP-PMT: QE, CE, TTS, dead space • Start timing fluctuation (25 ps) 2 -bar f. TOP 1 -bar f. TOP i. TOP 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 7

Performance Multi-alkali, CE=60%, l>350 nm cosq region Good Bad 2 -bar 0~0. 6~0. 8 1 -bar (i. TOP) 0~0. 3, 0. 6~ 0. 3~0. 6 Efficiency Fake rate 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 8

Design consideration • Trial to improve forward part • Apply focusing technique Matrix readout – Bounce half of photons to be longer propagation length – Really possible? focusing mirror r = 98% R = 1. 5 m 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM half mirror r = 50%, t = 50% 9

Design study summary • TOP performance for several condition – Two readout type • Multi-alkali p. c. • Ga. As. P p. c. • Start time fluctuation (25 ps) 2~3% fake-rate for 3~4 Ge. V/c <2% >10% forward part – Maybe possible to improve – One readout type • Ga. As. P p. c. • Multi-alkali p. c. 3~4% 4~6% • Depends on the photon detector design – Ga. As. P p. c. Both type OK – Multi-alkali p. c. How many channels can we use? 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 10

Design study: to be considered • Quartz bar – Size: (90~120) x (40~50) x 2 cm 3 – Edge cut (chamfer): C 0. 3~0. 5 mm – Flatness at glue point – Deviation of refractive index • MCP-PMT (SL 10) – Size: 27. 5 x 27. 5 mm 2(28 x 28 in realistic) • Effective area: 22 x 22 mm 2 – – Channel: 4 ch (Width: 5. 275 mm, Gap: 0. 3 mm) or 4 x 4 ch Multi-alkali p. c. , QE=25%@400 nm Correction efficiency: 55% ( 60%) TTS: ~35 ps (distribution) 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 11

Possible configuration with SL 10 • 44 cm width = 16 MCP-PMTs • Max. 32 PMTs/module – Because of cost limitation • 4 ch anode/PMT 28 mm pitch (22 mm effective area) – Maybe, 4 x 4 ch possible • 2 types+a; to be checked. 16 SL 10 16 x 2 SL 10 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 12

Summary • MCP-PMT R&D – Lifetime tests • Round shape MCP-PMT shows manageable lifetime. • Square shape MCP-PMT – Improved lifetime by adding many protection for gas and ion feedback – Even with 2 nd layer protection • Design study – Confirmation with actual effects is in progress. – Need to check the performance of possible design. 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 13

Discussion • MCP-PMT is ready? – Hamamatsu SL 10 • Multialkali p. c. , CE=55% • Ga. As. P p. c. , CE=35% – Photons MCP-PMT • Bialikali p. c. CE=60%? – Basic performance is OK for both? • Check QE availability – Lifetime is OK? • Hamamatsu: Probably OK from HPK and Nagoya study. • Photonis: Look OK • Need a few month to confirm. – Cost and Production schedule? 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 14

Discussion • Design studies converged? – Check with benchmark structure – Include actual effects • Start timing fluctuation • Incident track fluctuation • Actual design of quartz and MCP-PMT – Check PID performance for several incidence condition • Feedback to structure study – Check performance for some physics cases • With fsim • With gsim 4 and analysis code 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 15

Discussion • Structure studies – Show technically possible quartz layout and size • Feedback to simulation study – Connection to ECL and CDC – Quartz support • Honeycomb plates? – PMT support • PMT maintenance possibility – Discuss with KEK workshop 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 16

CAD from KEK workshop 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 17

Discussion • Electronics – Readout and trigger • BLAB 3 – Performance and data structure – Cost and schedule • CFD ASIC? – Schedule – Readout TDC? On COPPER? – HV system • Need ~500 ch, HV<-4 k. V • CAEN HV system? – LV system • How large? , How many ch? 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 18

Discussion • Cost for several choice – Quartz • Okamoto (Nagoya) • Zygo/OSI (Cincinnati) – MCP-PMT • Hamamatsu (Nagoya) • Photonis (Hawaii? Ljubljana? ) – Electronics (Hawaii) – Structure (Hawaii, Nagoya) 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 19

Cost estimate & Production time • Quartz bars – 16~18 modules (2 x 40 x 91. 5 cm 3 x 3 + mirror, standoff) – Okamoto optics (by Nagoya) • 1800 x 18+2700万円 ~ 3. 6 M$, 2 years – Zygo/OSI (by A. Schwartz-san, Cincinnati) • $72 k x 3 x 16 + alpha ~ 3. 7 M$ • Photon detector (increasing gradually) – MCP-PMT by Hamamatsu; 600 pieces for TOP, 3 years • Multi-alkali photo-cathode; ~2. 7 M$ • Ga. As. P photo-cathode; ~4. 2 M$ – MCP-PMT by Photonis; ? ? ? (expect cheaper price? ) • Electronics • Structure 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 20

Discussion • Schedule toward 2013 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 21

Discussion • Schedule toward technology choice – By the end of August • Make list of possible options – In our case, MCP-PMT choice is important. • Make performance catalogue for – MCP-PMTs To be Checked » QE, CE, TTS, Gain, Lifetime, by internal review – Detector configuration committee? » Separation power (eff. /fake) » Robustness (beam BG, T 0, tracking, photon loss) – By the end of December • Decide detector configuration and technology – Show test results » MCP-PMT lifetime, Simulation study, electronics test 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 22

Discussion • Schedule in this year (Prototype production) – Make prototype with • Zygo/OSI quartz • New support structure • Photonis or HPK MCP-PMT • New electronics Make clean room Prepare optical stage etc… by the end of this year – Check performance at KEK • First, make prototype of radiator (Quartz + support) and photon detector (MCP-PMT + Electronics) and check performance, individually. 2009/7/7 -9 B 2 GM 23