UNIT 7 THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND NEW DEAL

UNIT 7 THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND NEW DEAL 1929 -1941

#1 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK DRAW THIS CHART IN YOUR NOTEBOOK

After Round 2, you may buy Bonanza Chips cost 10% of your total points. But can multiply the points you earn in that round x 2

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5

LET’S COMPARE THE GAME TOHISTORY Class Room Experience US History Many students selected the “Go for the Gold” option with hopes of earning lots of extra credit People speculated in the stock market with hopes of getting rich Some students bought Bonanza Chips to increase their gains Many investors bought stock on margin to increase their gains Point values decreased dramatically in the last round. All but those who chose to “Hold Tight” lost everything they had and sometimes even more. The stock market crashed and Americans lost billions of dollars. Even those who chose to “Play it Safe” lost their extra credit Banks failed and many people lost everything they had deposited

KEY CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THEGREAT DEPRESSION Speculation What caused this economic trend? What were the effects of this economic trend? People invested in stocks and real estate to make quick money. Drove prices up, so when prices fell people lost everything and couldn’t repay loans.

UNIT 7 GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL Beginnings of the Great Depression

GREAT DEPRESSION The most severe economic downturn in our nation’s history

BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Causes of the Great Depression Overproduction of consumer goods -More products were manufactured than people could buy Speculation (Stock Market & Real Estate), most direct impact on economy -People invested in rising stock prices -Speculation in real estate holdings, drove up the prices

BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Causes of the Great Depression Buying on Margin --purchasing a stock with a 10% down payment, and using loans for the rest Uneven Distribution of Income -to much money in the hands of the top 1%

BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Causes of the Great Depression Shaky Banking Practices -Bankers invested depositors money poorly Restricted International Trades -US put up high protective tariffs, restricting international trade

BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Start of the Great Depression--Oct 29, 1929 “Black Tuesday” NY Stock Market Crashes (prices fell dramatically)

BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Begins to spread throughout US and World economy

RUBE GOLDBERG MACHINE OF THE CAUSES OF THEGREAT DEPRESSION Rube Goldberg Machine On a sheet of notebook paper you will create a Rube Goldberg machine showing the causes of the Great Depression

RUBE GOLDBERG MACHINE OF THE CAUSES OF THEGREAT DEPRESSION Your machine must have the following: At least one piece to represent the three following causes: 1. Stock Market Speculation 2. Bank Failures 3. US Tariffs A picture of each piece and how it works together A label indicating what causes of the Great Depression each piece represents A sentence explaining your machine, making sure to include all three terms and how they work together and relate to the causes of the Great Depression. Any color or creative touches that you want to add.

ONE LAST THING!!!!!! Describe one action that the federal government took that made the Great Depression worse?

KINETIC SCULPTURE OF THE CAUSES OF THEGREAT DEPRESSION In groups of no more than 3 and using a piece of butcher paper you will create a kinetic sculpture showing the causes of the Great Depression

KINETIC SCULPTURE OF THE CAUSES OF THEGREAT DEPRESSION Your sculpture must have the following: At least one piece to represent the five following terms: Overproduction, Speculation, Buying on Margin, Bank Failures and US Tariffs A picture of each piece and how it works together A label indicating what causes of the Great Depression each piece represents A written paragraph explaining your sculpture, making sure to include all five terms and how they work together and relate to the causes of the Great Depression. Any color or creative touches that you want to add.

UNIT 7 GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL Human Impact of The Great Depression

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Wall Street to Main Street -Investors lost savings (Can’t pay loans) -Companies could not sell stocks to raise money (prices drop everywhere) Corporations have to close down -Bank failures

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION -Manufacturers closed down factories (Prices dropped) -Widespread Unemployment -People Lost their homes -Bank Failures No insurance or safety nets available to anyone, depression begins to affect all areas of society

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Dust Bowl (1930’s)—Drought & Heavy Winds carried top soil away, buried homes, and destroyed harvests. -over a million farmers were driven off their land, many migrated to California

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Mexican Repatriation— about half a million Mexican. American workers were forcibly sent back to Mexico

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Recording the Misery John Steinbeck (Wrote The Grapes of Wrath)—showed the suffering of migrant families and the very poor during the Dust Bowl and Great Depression

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Dorothea Lange— Used her photographs to show the country the misery people were experiencing

#2 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--GRAPES OF WRATH BOOK COVER This excerpt from the Grapes of Wrath includes a lot of imagery (descriptive words). In your notebook you are going to use that imagery to create a book cover for the Grapes of Wrath. Your cover should include the following: Title of the book and author’s name at the top (Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck) Write 2 quotes from the excerpt that you feel provide the most powerful image of the suffering during the Great Depression A picture for each quote that symbolizes the suffering that Steinbeck was trying to capture Number your pictures and quotes so both you and I know which go together

UNIT 7 REVIEW QUESTIONS #1 Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Great Depression? A. Mass Overproduction B. Stock Market Speculation C. Bank Failures D. Low US Tariffs

QUESTION 2 What was an effect of the Great Depression on the American Economy? A. High unemployment and overproduction B. Large business investments and low taxes C. Too much money in circulation and high stock prices D. High unemployment and falling real estate values

QUESTION 3 One difference between the administrations of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover was that FDR was— A. more willing to use government intervention to solve economic problems B. unable to win congressional support for his economic program C. able to ignore economic issues for most of his term in office D. unwilling to allow government agencies to establish jobs programs

QUESTION 4 What was FDR’s goal in creating the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)? A. stimulate economic growth B. increase the government’s tax revenue C. restore the public’s faith in financial institutions D. provide for jobs for the unemployed

QUESTION 5 The election of 1932 was a turning point in the role of A. women in government B. government in American society C. tariffs in international trade D. business as a source of charity

TIE BREAKER QUESTION The “Dust Bowl” described by John Steinbeck in the Grapes of Wrath had the Greatest impact on A. Residents of Urban Areas B. Plantation owners in the South C. Workers in Factories D. Farmers in the Great Plains

WRITING A DEPRESSION LETTER Just like John Steinbeck and Dorothea Lange you will now write a letter describing the effects of the Depression on ordinary Americans using the pictures, sources, facts and your knowledge of the Great Depression. In your letter you must include: An appropriate date and salutation (Dear President Hoover) A description of your visit to at least 4 different states (one from each wall), each state description must include: 1. a sentence describing 1 of the pictures and the conditions people faced during the Depression 2. a sentence describing the letter and how people dealt with the problems of the Depression 3. a sentence documenting one of the facts from that state during the Depression Use powerful words in your letter to show what you are seeing: change, desperation, destitute, dreadful, encourage, honorable, hope, ideals, pride, self-respect At the end of your article give 3 suggestions about what the government should do to help people. What should they provide, how should they do it, and whom should they provide it to. Underline these in your paper, Be detailed * Your article must be at least one full page in length and must include all of the above criteria to receive full credit.

WRITING A DEPRESSION LETTER Just like John Steinbeck and Dorothea Lange you will now write a letter describing the effects of the Depression on ordinary Americans using the pictures, sources, facts and your knowledge of the Great Depression. In your letter you must include: An appropriate date and salutation (Dear President Hoover or Roosevelt) 1 sentence describing the conditions people faced during the Depression 1 sentence on describing how people dealt with the problems of the Depression 1 sentence describing the most interesting fact from 1 state during the Depression 1 sentence on whose ideas about ending the depression sound better FDR’s or Hoover’s and why 1 sentence giving 3 suggestions about what the government should do to help people. What should they provide, how should they do it, and whom should they provide it to. *Your article must be at least 5 sentences in length and must include all of the above criteria to receive full credit.

UNIT 7 GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL Hoover Fails to Halt the Depression

HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION Herbert Hoover—President when Great Depression begins and initially does very little Hoover didn’t provide direct emergency relief to people because he feared undermining America’s “Rugged Individualism” Hoover wanted Voluntary Private Organizations providing emergency relief, not the government

HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION Hoover begins to act: Cut taxes Established Reconstruction Finance Corporation—made loans to businesses and banks Federal Reserve Board—reduced the money supply during the Great Depression when they should have expanded it (wanted low prices, so people would spend money) -the supply of money in the economy affects the rate of economic activity

HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION “Hoovervilles” –Make shift Shanty Towns created by the homeless began to form on the outskirts of major US cities Many people began to rely on soup kitchens and church charity to live American family begins to break up with many women having to hold the family together while men are unemployed

HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION Many people feel that Hoover did too little and was too late in taking measures against the Great Depression In election of 1932 voters were so frustrated with Herbert Hoover that he is defeated by Franklin D Roosevelt in landslide election Franklin D Roosevelt (FDR)—introduced a New Deal program to get the economy moving again

You will need your Unit 7 notes and notebook for today

#3—NOTEBOOK UNIT 7 HOOVER VS FDR Write one sentence contrasting Hoover and FDR and their overall ideas and approaches to fixing the Great Depression.

#3 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HOOVER VS FDR Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt

#3 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HOOVER VS FDR Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression in 5 -7 words Picture

#3 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HOOVER VS FDR Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression *wanted businesses to take direct action to revive economy Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression *Supported direct action by the federal government

#3 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HOOVER VS FDR Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression in 5 -7 words Picture Write one sentence contrasting Hoover and FDR and their overall ideas and approaches to fixing the Great Depression.

#3 --UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HOOVER VS FDR Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression *wanted businesses to take direct action to revive economy Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression *Supported direct action by the federal government Title for each quote * * New Title for each song * *

TITLE FOR EACH QUOTE

TITLE FOR EACH SONG After listening to the campaign songs create a new title for each of the songs based on the message of the song and each candidate’s views on how to fix the Great Depression Herbert Hoover—Brother can you spare a dime https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ovnd. Ta 7 h. QDE --music http: //www. metrolyrics. com/brother-can-you-spare-a-dime-lyrics-bingcrosby. html#/startvideo --lyrics Franklin D. Roosevelt—Happy Days are here Again http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=i. L 0 Qt 7 IF 8 Q 4&feature=related --music http: //kids. niehs. nih. gov/games/songs/childrens/happydaysmp 3. htm --lyrics

UNIT 7 GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL FDR’s Philosophy Federal government responsible for running the economy Wanted to permanently increase the size and role of the federal government Passage of 21 st amendment repealing Prohibition

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL FDR’s Style Used “Fireside Chats” to communicate, used the radio to speak directly to the American people Relied on his “Brain Trust”—a group of talented advisers to FDR

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL Women in the Great Depression Women experienced the depression as wives and mothers (Caring for the children and needs of the family) Women found inspiration in Eleanor Roosevelt and Frances Perkins Eleanor Roosevelt—a political activist, who served as the eyes and ears to her husband President Roosevelt Frances Perkins—first female cabinet member as Sec. of Labor

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL The New Deal FDR’s Program for lifting the nation out of the Great Depression When FDR took office, he called congress into special session to pass this legislation Much of his massive legislation program was enacted by Congress in 100 days Consisted of programs focused on “Relief, Recovery, and Reform”

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Legislation Relief—short term actions designed to help people until the economy recovered FDR wanted to fix bank crisis, and help homeowners, farmers and unemployed Banking Holiday—closed all banks, can only open if financially sound Gave emergency loans to homeowners

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Legislation Created government jobs to get people back to work Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)—planting trees & cleaning up forests Works Progress Administration (WPA)—hired artists, writers, musicians to create artworks and plays Public Work Administration (PWA)—build public projects (schools, roads, bridges)

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Legislation Recovery—stimulate demand & restore incentives to produce Priming the Pump—govt puts money directly into the economy to get it going Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)—legislation to keep the prices of farmed goods up (planting less or govt buying & storing) National Recovery Administration (NRA)—a series of codes that businesses had to follow that set prices, production limits, and wages

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Legislation Reform—create measures to remedy defects of the US economy to prevent future depressions Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)—insured bank deposits to restore people’s confidence in the nations banks Social Security Act (SSA)--provided a safety net for workers with unemployment insurance, old age pensions, and insurance for families of those who died early; paid for by contributions by both employees and employers

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Legislation Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)– a govt agency to watch over the stock market and prevent another collapse Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)—built several dams along the Tennessee river for flood control and electricity

GREAT DEPRESSION VS GREAT RECESSION

You will need your Unit 7 notes and notebook for today’s activity

#4—UNIT 7 NOTEBOOKNEW DEAL AGENCIES 1. Write the following agencies in your notebook 2. Use the clues in the pictures around the room to identify the following New Deal Agencies 3. Write the number next to the correct agency Works Progress Administration (WPA) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Security Exchange Commission (SEC) Social Security Administration (SSA) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Public Works Administration (PWA) National Recovery Administration (NRA)

NUMBER 9

NEW DEAL MATCHING 1. Write the following agencies in your notebook 2. Use the clues in the pictures around the room to identify the following New Deal Agencies 3. Write the number next to the correct agency Works Progress Administration--3 Tennessee Valley Authority--1 Agricultural Adjustment Act--5 Security Exchange Commission--8 Social Security Administration--7 Civilian Conservation Corps--4 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation--2 Public Works Administration--6 National Recovery Administration--9

In your notebook you are going create a poster to represent the three following agencies Social Security Administration (SSA) Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Your notebook poster must include each of the following: A symbol to represent what one agency provides A picture of who one agency helps A slogan explaining what one agency does Which agency do you think affects individuals lives the most today and why?

UNIT 7 GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL Reactions to and Impact of the New Deal

REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL Critics of the New Deal— wanted govt money to go directly to the needy Liberty League—FDR was creating a dictatorship bordering on socialism Dr. Francis Townsend— monthly pension for anyone over 65

REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL Father Coughlin—wanted nationalization of banks and utilities, also preached Anti-Semitism Huey Long—give payment to all families by taxing the rich

REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL US Supreme Court threatens the New Deal by declaring some parts unconstitutional Schechter Poultry v US—Supreme Court case that overruled part of the New Deal (codes set by FDR for fair business practices) Court said that Congress could not give the President powers that were not granted directly or indirectly in the Constitution

REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL FDR’s Court Packing Plan—Wanted to Stop Supreme Court from blocking New Deal Roosevelt developed a Court-packing scheme where he proposed that the President appoint an additional Justice to the Court for each one over the age of 70 ½. This plan was rejected by Congress and the American public as an attempt to upset the traditional balance of power that existed in American Government (Violated Separation of Powers)

IMPACT OF THE NEW DEAL ON STATE AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS Under the New Deal the power of the Federal Government increased dramatically, govt no longer just regulated Govt now has responsibility to run economy, and control its citizens actions within the economy Federal & State agencies change govt’s role in society, govt now has a much larger role in people’s everyday life Govt now has to raise taxes dramatically to fund these programs The New Deal established a legacy of government agencies, regulations, and procedures that exist today

UNIT 7 ACTIVITY SHEET The New Deal was a (positive or negative) piece of legislation in that it(helped or hurt) the country during the Great Depression and long after by ________, and__________.

ANALYZING POLITICAL CARTOON O-Overview- what do you notice at first glance? P-Parts-List what parts you see T-Title I-Interrelationships- How do the objects relate to one another? C-Conclusion- What is your final conclusion about the cartoon?

SUPREME COURT PACKING SCHEME POLITICAL CARTOON In groups of three you will create a political cartoon over FDR’s attempt to pack the Supreme Court -1 st Your political cartoon you will need to have at least 3 of the 5 cartoons to represent the following: FDR, New Deal, Supreme Court, Congress, and America -2 nd You will need to label each of these in your cartoon -3 rd You will also need to come up with a title for your cartoon -4 th Underneath your cartoon you need to explain in two sentences why people were against FDR’s attempt to pack the supreme court? Things to Remember: Your cartoon must clearly express the Against/Negative viewpoint in your cartoon Make sure that your cartoon is colorful and neat This is due before your quiz #Havefun #History. Awesome