U 8 The Cold War Korean War Asia

U 8: The Cold War Korean War, Asia & the Middle East

Bell Ringer • After World War II, who is left in charge of Japan?

Japan now w/ USA • Reconstruction in Japan was much simpler than in Germany • Had one-man and one-army show • Douglas Mc. Arthur in control • help rebuild economy and gov’t • Constitution still called Mac. Arthur const. • Led them to become a Western-style democratic government • Good relations were needed with Japan for two reasons • Trade and containment (most important)

Chinese Civil War 1949: China falls to Communism Mao Zedong (communist) Chiang Kaishek (non communist)

The Korean War 1950 -1953 • Divided between Communist (north) and non communist (south) after WWII • The conflict in Korea was called a police action when the UN sent troops

It was divided at the 38 th parallel • North and south claimed all of Korea as theirs • June 1950: the north invaded the south • The US urged the UN to get involved and the Security Council agreed • USA passed memo #68: recommended that USA quadruple its defense spending • Soon USA was spending $50 billon per yr on defense budget • Key doc. of Cold War…marked the beg. in militarization of USA and proved that USA was limitless. • Mac. Arthur was put in charge of UN forces; most US soldiers

The Shifting Front in Korea

• US soldiers had problems: • -40 degree weather • Over 30, 000 troops were starving • They began to eat snow to fight dehydration • low on ammunition • Attempts to air drop supplies often landed in the Chinese camps. • The soldiers retreated leaving everything • Truman began to question Mac. Arthur’s tactics • Mac. Arthur says Truman is tying his hands

• US retreated below the 38 th parallel • China invaded the south to push out the UN troops • The US was facing defeat • Mac. Arthur wanted to use 50 atomic bombs on China • Mao Zedong moved his troops too far and had to retreat back across the 38 th parallel • Mac. Arthur was eventually removed from command by Truman • Peace talks began, but they last 2 years and another 12, 000 Americans die • Korea was a limited war: no nuclear weapons were used

Results • Korean War was a stalemate • Nothing accomplished • NK remained communist (China and Russia) • SK non communist (USA) • Fought just to stop spread of communism • 1 st time USA went to war without Congressional approval- 40, 000 Americans killed • Increase of military spending

Demilitarized Zone- DMZ

Demilitarized Zone- DMZ • https: //youtu. be/i 47 bkq. FSt. K 0

Southeast Asia Treaty Organization SEATO • Created to halt the expansion of communism in Southeast Asia • Australia, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, and the United States • Disbanded in 1977 after the fall of Vietnam to communism

Middle East • Israel: was created in 1948 by the UN as a homeland for Jews after WWII

Korean War Webquest • https: //www. history. com/topics/koreanwar