The Cold War Proxy Wars Essential QUestion How

The Cold War Proxy Wars

Essential QUestion How did the tension of the Cold War play out in proxy wars?

Voca. BUlary Third World Proxy Wars

activator Brainstorm: Other than the Soviet Union, what other people, places, or things come to your mind when you think of communism?

DISCUSS-Revie. W What was happening in China after World War II?

Chin. Es. E Civil War Chinese Civil War resumes immediately after WWII Which sides would you guess the U. S. & USSR support? p. 451

COLD War sides The Cold War is between the pro-democratic West & the pro-communist East (now including China) While many make up the West, the U. S. is the leader VS.

DISCUSS What comes to your mind when you hear the term “third world country”? What countries might be associated with this term?

thr. EE Worlds • First World – Refers to the United States and its pro-democratic allies • Second World – Refers to the Soviet Union and its pro-communist conquered nations LATIN AMERICA • Third World – Nations not aligned with either side ASIA AFRICA – Often newly independent nations

DISCUSS What Third World country near China would next become the focus of the Cold War? (Hint: Think Kim Jung Un)

Ko. Rea Divided • Korea Divided – WWII – controlled by Japan – Following defeat, Japan surrendered to USSR in north and U. S. in south – Korea in north becomes mostly communist – Korea in south becomes mostly nationalist/democratic Now that China is communist, what would you guess is going to happen in Korea?

Proxy War in Kor. Ea • Post WWII – 1949 – U. S. & USSR withdraw their troops from Korea – Soviet Union begins supplying North Korea with weapons • Korean War (1950 -53) – June 1950 – communist North Korea invades South Korea – Sept 1950 – UN gets involved & 15 countries help South Korea – Nov 1950 – Chinese troops help North Korea & push south – 1953 – war ends where it started

Kor. Ean War

Kor. Ean War

Kor. Ean War

DISCUSS The Korean War is one of many Proxy Wars fought during the Cold War. Define: Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars between opposing superpowers where they use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly

Proxy Wars Even though the Korean War was fought between North Korea and South Korea, it was really fought between the United States and China/Soviet Union NORTH KOREA VS. SOUTH KOREA

DISCUSS What other famous war involved the United States and was fought in Asia during the Cold War?

DISCUSS What do you know about the Vietnam War?

Vietnam War Similar to Korea, the Vietnam War was fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam , it was really fought between the United States and the Soviet Union NORTH VIETNAM VS. SOUTH VIETNAM

Proxy War in Vietnam • Formation of Vietnam – France had controlled Vietnam (called French Indochina) since the days of Imperialism – Vichy France gives Indochina to Japan during WWII – France attempts to reclaim the land following WWII, but the people want independence – France fails to reclaim land Vietnam becomes a free nation – North leans communist – South leans nationalist/democratic

DISCUSS Why do you think the United States got involved in Vietnam?

Proxy War in Vietnam • Vietnam War (1957 -73) – 1950 s – U. S. pledge support to French fighting the Vietnamese; Soviet Union supports communist factions of Vietnam – 1960 – U. S. sends 650 advisors to help South Vietnam – 1963 – U. S. sends 16, 000 advisors – 1964 -70 – U. S. troops fight with the South against the North – 1970 -75 – U. S. begin removing troops (Vietnamization) – 1975 – North defeats south and Vietnam becomes communist

DISCUSS How do you think Vietnam becoming communist impacted the world?

Impact o. F vietnam War • Impact of the Vietnam War – The war was unpopular & caused division among the U. S. population • Protests of the 1960 s; hippies VS. – Communism gains another country which increased U. S. fears – Since Vietnam was seen as a weaker country, the loss hurt the reputation of America’s military • 1 st defeat in modern U. S. history – Set the stage for more proxy wars between U. S. & USSR

DISCUSS Where else do the U. S. and the Soviet Union battle in proxy wars? (See Textbook, p. 550)

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

DISCUSS Which countries were now communist by 1975?

Proxy Wars

DISCUSS Which countries in danger of becoming communist remained democratic by 1975?

Proxy Wars

DISCUSS Who is this man?

CHE • Che Guevara – Argentine Marxist who led revolutions in South America • Background – As a medical student, he saw much poverty & disease throughout South America – Blamed the U. S. & capitalism – Believed communism would be the solution & led many Latin American revolutions – Was eventually captured and executed by the CIA

DISCUSS What Latin American nation is the most famous for being communist? CUBA

TOMORROW Brinkmanship & The Cuban Missile Crisis Read Ch. 17, Sec 4. Cold War Divides the World Watch X-Men: First Class

SUMMARIZE Discuss How would you rate the success of the Truman Doctrine at this point?