The Axial Skeleton Study Guide 2014 Pearson Education

The Axial Skeleton Study Guide © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

right side of the skull Coronal suture Frontal bone Parietal bone Sphenoid bone Squamous suture Ethmoid bone Lambdoid suture Lacrimal bone Lacrimal fossa Occipital bone Nasal bone Temporal bone Zygomatic process Zygomatic bone Maxilla External acoustic meatus Mastoid process Styloid process Mandible Condylar process Mental foramen Mandibular notch Mandibular ramus © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Mandibular angle Coronoid process

right side of the skull © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Frontal bone Parietal bone Supraorbital foramen Nasal bone Sphenoid bone Superior orbital fissure Temporal bone Optic canal Ethmoid bone Inferior orbital fissure Lacrimal bone Zygomatic bone Infraorbital foramen Maxilla Mandible Mental foramen © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Vomer

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Parietal bone Sagittal suture Lambdoid suture Occipital bone Superior nuchal line External occipital protuberance Inferior nuchal line Occipital condyle © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Maxilla Hard palate Palatine bone Infraorbital foramen Maxilla Zygomatic bone Sphenoid bone Vomer zygomatic process Styloid process External acoustic meatus Mastoid process Temporal bone Jugular foramen Occipital condyle Occipital bone External occipital protuberance Inferior view of the skull (mandible removed) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Foramen magnum

Inferior view of the skull (mandible removed) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Holes in the Head Optic foramen Optic fissure Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum Internal acoustic meatus Jugular foramen Hypoglossal canal Foramen magnum © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ▲

View Crista galli Cribriform plate Ethmoid bone Sphenoid Frontal bone Lesser wing Optic canal Greater wing Foramen rotundum sella turcica Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum Temporal bone Internal acoustic meatus Jugular foramen Parietal bone Occipital bone Foramen magnum Superior view of the skull, calvaria removed © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Hypoglossal canal

View Superior view of the skull, calvaria removed © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Parietal bone Coronal suture Frontal bone Sphenoid bone Squamous suture Temporal bone Crista galli Nasal bone Lambdoid suture Occipital bone Ethmoid bone Vomer External occipital protuberance Maxilla Internal acoustic meatus Mandibular foramen Palatine bone Midsagittal section showing the internal anatomy of the left half of skull © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Mandible

Midsagittal section showing the internal anatomy of the left half of skull © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Mandible Temporomandibular joint Coronoid process Mandibular notch Condylar process Mandibular foramen Ramus of mandible Mental foramen Mandibular angle Body of mandible Mandible, right lateral view © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Mandible, right lateral view © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

IX. Structure of a Vertebra Lamina Posterior Spinous process Transverse process Superior articular process and facet Vertebral foramen Pedicle Body Anterior © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Posterior Anterior © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Anterior view © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Posterior view

Sacral promontory Sacral canal Ala Body of first sacral vertebra Body Facet of superior articular process Auricular surface Median sacral crest Transverse ridges (sites of vertebral fusion) Apex Anterior sacral foramina Coccyx Anterior view © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Lateral sacral crest Posterior sacral foramina Coccyx Posterior view Sacral hiatus

XIII. Thoracic Cage Jugular notch Clavicular notch Manubrium Sternal angle Body True ribs (1 7) Xiphoid process False ribs (8 12) Floating ribs (11, 12) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. L 1 Vertebra Costal cartilage Sternum

XIII. Thoracic Cage L 1 Vertebra © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Superior costal facet (for head of rib) Angle of rib Body of vertebra Head of rib Intervertebral disc Neck of rib Tubercle of rib Shaft Crosssection of rib Sternum Costal cartilage Vertebral and sternal articulations of a typical true rib © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Sternum Crosssection of rib Vertebral and sternal articulations of a typical true rib © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 7. 25 c Ribs. Articular facet on tubercle of rib Spinous process Shaft Ligaments Transverse costal facet (for tubercle of rib) Neck of rib Head of rib Body of thoracic vertebra Superior view of the articulation between a rib and a thoracic vertebra © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 7. 25 c Ribs. Superior view of the articulation between a rib and a thoracic vertebra © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.