Simple Past Past Continuous Tense Simple Past Tense

Simple Past & Past Continuous Tense

Simple Past Tense Prosto prošlo vreme Ø • l l l • Prosto prošlo vreme pravilnih glagola gradi se od osnovnog oblika glagola (inf. bez ”to”) i nastavka –ed. Nepravilni glagoli imaju posebne oblike za prošlo vreme i oni se uče napamet (druga kolona nepravilnih glagola). • Potvrdni oblik: I called Susan. We called Susan. You called Susan. He/she/it called Susan. They called Susan.

Nastavak –ed za pravilne glagole l l l • Ako se glagol završava na –e dodaje se samo -d (close – closed) • Ako se glagol završava na –y, a ispred njega se nalazi suglasnik, -y prelazi u –i ispred nastavka –ed (cry –cried) • Ako se glagol završava na –y a ispred njega je samoglasnik, nema promene (stay-stayed; play-played) • Ako se glagol završava na suglasnik, a ispred njega se nalazi kratak, nenaglašen samoglasnik, krajnji suglasnik se udvaja ispred nastavka –ed (plan-planned; stop-stopped)

Upitni oblik • Upitni oblik gradi se od pomoćnog glagola ”do” u prošlom vremenu koji glasi ”did” i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola: l Did I call Susan? l Did you call Susan? l Did he/she/it call Susan? l l Did we call Susan? Did you call Susan? Did they call Susan?

Odrični oblik • Odrični oblik se gradi od odričnog oblika pomoćnog glagola ”do” u prošlom vremenu i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola. l I did not (didn’t) call Susan. l You did not (didn’t) call Susan. l He/she/it did not (didn’t) call Susan. l l We did not (don’t) call Susan. You did not (didn’t) call Susan. They did not (didn’t) call Susan.

Upotreba 1 Radnja koja je završena u prošlosti Prosto sadašnje vreme se koristi za radnju koja je počela i završila se u određenom trenutku u prošlosti. Ponekad govornik ne pominje određeni trenutak u prošlosti, već se to podrazumeva. Primeri: • I saw a movie yesterday. • I worked at a bank last year. • Last week we bought a new house. • He didn’t wash his car.

Upotreba 2 Niz radnji koje su završene u prošlosti Prosto prosto vreme takođe se koristi kada govornik navodi niz radnji koje su završene u prošlosti. Primeri: • I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. • He arrived from the airport at 8: 00, checked into the hotel at 9: 00, and met the others at 10: 00. • Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

Upotreba 3 Trajanje u prošlosti Prosto prošlo vreme se nekada koristi i za radnju koja je trajala, tj. koja je počela i završila se u prošlosti. Trajanje je duža radnja na koju često ukazuju izrazi kao što su: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year. . . Primeri: • I lived in Brazil for two years. . • She studied Japanese for five years. • They sat at the beach all day. • They did not stay at the party the entire time.

Upotreba 4 Navike u prošlosti Prosto sadašnje vreme se takođe može koristiti da se opiše neka navika koja je prekinuta u prošlosti. Može imati isto značenje kako i kod upotrebe ”used to”. Da bi bilo jasno da govorimo o nekoj navici, često dodajemo izraze kao što su: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, itd. Primeri: • I studied French when I was a child. . • He played the violin. • She didn't play the piano. • Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?

Upotreba 5 Činjenice ili generalizacije u prošlosti Prosto prošlo vreme takođe se može koristiti za činjenice ili generalizacije u prošlosti koje nisu više tačne. Ova upotreba, kao i Upotreba 4, veoma je slična izrazu ”used to”. ”Used to” se takođe koristi kada govorimo o stvarima u prošlosti koje nisu više tačne (He used to play football for the local team, but he’s too old now – On je nekada igrao fudbal za lokalni tim, ali sada je previše star). Primeri: • She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing. • He didn't like tomatoes before. • Did you live in Texas when you were a kid? • People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.

Vremenske odrednice Karakteristične vremenske odrednice uz koje se upotrebljava Prosto prošlo vreme su: • yesterday • the day before yesterday • two hours ago • three years ago • last Monday • last year • in 2001

Past Continuous Tense Prošlo trajno vreme • Prošlo trajno vreme se gradi od glagola ”to be” u Prostom prošlom vremenu (was/were) + Present Participle (Sadašnji particip) glavnog glagola (glagol+ing) Potvrdni oblik I was working. We were working. You were working. He/she/it was working. They were working.

Upitni oblik • Upitni oblik se gradi inverzijom pomoćnog glagola ”to be”(u prošlom vremenu) i lične zamenice. Was I working? Were you working? Was he/she/it working? Were we working? Were you working? Were they working?

Odrični oblik • Odrični oblik se gradi od odričnog oblika pomoćnog glagola ”to be” u prošlom vremenu + Present Participle glavnog glagola l I was not (wasn’t) working. l You were not (weren’t) working. l He/she/it was not (wasn’t) working. l l l We were not (weren’t) working. You were not (weren’t) working. They were not (weren’t) working

Upotreba 1 Radnja koja je prekinuta drugom prošlom radnjom Prošlo trajnio vreme se koristi za prošlu radnju koja je duže trajala a prekinuta je nekom drugom prošlom radnjom. Ta druga radnja je obično kraća radnja koja se izražava Prostim prošlim vremenom (Past simple tense): Primeri: • I was watching TV when she called. • When the phone rang, she was writing a letter. • While we were having the picnic, it started to rain. • What were you doing when the earthquake started?

Upotreba 2 Specifično vreme kao prekid radnje Kod Upotrebe 1, Prošlo prosto vreme je prekinuto kraćom radnjom u Prostom prošlom vremenu. Međutim, može da se koristi i specifično vreme kao prekid radnje u prošlosti. Primeri: Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner. At midnight, we were still driving through the desert. Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.

Napomena Razlika u upotrebi Prostog prošlog vremena i Prošlog trajnog vremena kod istih rečenica: Primeri: • Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner (I started eating at 6 p. m. ). • Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner (I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner).

Upotreba 3 Paralelne radnje u prošlosti Prošlo prosto vreme se koristi za dve radnje koje su se u prošlom vremenu paralelno dešavale. Primeri: • I was studying while he was making dinner. • While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television. • Were you listening while he was talking? • I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.

Upotreba 4 Atmosfera l U engleskom jeziku često koristimo niz paralelnih radnji kako bismo opisali atmosferu u određenom trenutku u prošlosti. Primer: • When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.

Upotreba 5 Ponavljanje i iritacija sa ”always" Prošlim trajnim vremenom, uz upotrebu priloških odredbi ”always” i ”constantly”, takođe možemo izraziti da se nešto iritantno ili šokantno često dešavalo u prošlosti. Koncept je vrlo sličan izrazu ”used to”, ali sa negativnom emocijom. Zapamtite da reči "always" ili "constantly" uvek stoje između pomoćnog glagola "be" i glavnog glagola sa nastavkom -ing. Primeri: • She was always coming to class late. • He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone. • I didn't like them because they were always complaining.

Napomena Glagoli koji se ne koriste u Sadašnjem trajnom vremenu (non continuous verbs), ne koriste se ni u Prošlom trajnom vremenu. Umesto njih se obično koristi glagol u Prostom prošlom vremenu. l Primer: l While I was playing I felt sick. l She saw a deer while she was running. l

Exercises: I Put the verbs into the correct form of Past Simple: q I did my maths homework yesterday (to do). q Did Susan go to England by plane? (to go) q They visited a farm two weeks ago (to visit). q Jenny and Peggy did not/didn’t help their brother (not/to help). q The children were not/weren’t at home last weekend (not/to be). q When did you design this wonderful skirt? (to design) q The boys took off the mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off). q My mother did not/didn’t crash into the van (not/to crash).

II Put the verbs into the correct form (Past Continuous) □When I phoned my friends, they were playing (play) monopoly. □Yesterday at six I was preparing (prepare) dinner. □The kids were playing (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain. □I was practicing (practice) the guitar when he came home. □We were not/weren’t cycling (not / cycle) all day. □While Alan was working (work)in his room, his friends were swimming (swim) in the pool. □I tried to tell them the truth but they weren’t listening (not / listen ). □What were you doing (you / do) yesterday?

III Complete the sentences (Simple Past or Past Continuous): q Milos (study) studied English last night. q I (listen) was listening to the radio while my sister (watch) was watching TV. q Maria (write) wrote a letter to George last week. q When I arrived, they (play) were playing cards. q We (study) were studying English yesterday at 4: 00 pm. q Most of the time we (sit) were sitting in the park. q Yesterday at 5 o’clock my mother was reading a novel.

IV Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tenses – Simple Past or Past Continuous: q We (play) were playing volleyball when you (call) called me. q When the teacher (come) came in, they (study) were studying English. q The baby (sleep)was sleeping when the telephone (ring) rang. q I (look) was looking for my purse when I (drop) dropped my credit card. q She (dance) was dancing when she (hurt) hurt her ankle. q It (rain) was raining heavily when I (get) got up. q When I (walk) was walking down the street I (meet) met an old friend of mine. q He was always coming late to classes!(to come)

V Past Tense – Simple or Continuous l l l l l 1. My mom (have) was having breakfast when she (spill) spilled her coffee. 2. My dad (listen) was listening to classical music when I (arrive) arrived home from school. 3. We (play) were playing video games when my mum (say) said ‘Turn the volume down!’ 4. My cousin (meet) met his wife Bianca while he (live) was living in Italy. 5. My little sister (draw) was drawing a picture while I was studying (study) for my French exam. 6. While they (try)were trying to fix the computer, all the lights (go out) went out. 7. When we (leave) left school yesterday, it was pouring (pour) with rain. 8. When you (see) saw Paul, was he wearing (wear) a black jacket? 9. I (try) was trying to log on when the Wi. Fi (stop)stopped working. 10 While Dad (print) was printing an article, the printer (run out) ran out of paper.