Separation of mixture of Thymol and Menthol Identification

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Separation of mixture of Thymol and Menthol Identification of each

Separation of mixture of Thymol and Menthol Identification of each

Occurrence: Thymol: obtained from the aerial parts of Thymus vulgaris F: Labiatae (Lamiaceae). Menthol:

Occurrence: Thymol: obtained from the aerial parts of Thymus vulgaris F: Labiatae (Lamiaceae). Menthol: obtained from the aerial parts of Mentha piperita F: Labiatae (Lamiaceae).

Uses: Thymol is antiseptic, disinfectant and preservative. Menthol is germicidal, used to treat itching

Uses: Thymol is antiseptic, disinfectant and preservative. Menthol is germicidal, used to treat itching of the surface, cellular inflammations, and local pains.

Principle: Separation depends on the fact that thymol forms water soluble phenate with alkali

Principle: Separation depends on the fact that thymol forms water soluble phenate with alkali potassium hydroxide being a phenol, while menthol which is terpene alcohol is insoluble in alkali and remains in the organic layer.

5% aq. KOH Menthol is insoluble in KOH and remains in the organic layer

5% aq. KOH Menthol is insoluble in KOH and remains in the organic layer Thymol is soluble in KOH in the form of phenate Acidify with conc. HCl Thymol is soluble in organic layer as free thymol Thymol

Separatory funnel

Separatory funnel

Procedure: Transfer 10 ml of the mixture to a separating funnel shake with 10,

Procedure: Transfer 10 ml of the mixture to a separating funnel shake with 10, 10 ml of 5% aq. KOH. Separate the organic solvent and evaporate the solvent and test for menthol. Acidify the aqueous layer with conc. HCl then shake with 10, 10 ml of CHCl 3. Collect the combined CHCl 3, evaporate, and test for thymol.

Thymol crystals Menthol crystals

Thymol crystals Menthol crystals

Identification of menthol: (dish) Dissolve menthol in conc. H 2 SO 4 then add

Identification of menthol: (dish) Dissolve menthol in conc. H 2 SO 4 then add few drops of vanillin- H 2 SO 4 reagent Orange yellow color changes to violet on addition of water

Identification of thymol: (dish) Dissolve thymol in glacial acetic acid + 3 drops of

Identification of thymol: (dish) Dissolve thymol in glacial acetic acid + 3 drops of H 2 SO 4 + 1 drop of HNO 3 Bluish green color is produced

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