Poetry Types and Devices Types of Poetry Types

Poetry Types and Devices

Types of Poetry

Types of Poetry �Ballads �Short, narrative poem (Tells a story) �Two or four lines with a refrain (resolution or summary of the poem) �Epic �Long narrative poem �Celebrates the adventures and achievements of a hero

Types of Poetry �Free verse �Content is usually free of traditional rules of writing poetry (no fixed meter or rhyme scheme present) �Sonnet �A poem consisting of 14 lines with Iambic Pentameter with a specific rhyme scheme (abab cdcd efef gg)

Types of Poetry �Haiku (or Natural Haiku) �Originated as a Japanese style of poetry � 3 unrhymed lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables �Usually written in present tense and focused on nature �Senryu (or Human Haiku) �Also originated as a Japanese style of poetry � 3 unrhymed lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables �Usually written in present tense but instead of focusing on nature, the senryu focuses on human nature and emotion �Ode �A poem praising a person, place, or thing

Types of Poetry (Concluded) �Narrative Poetry �Tells a story �Examples: “The Raven” by Edgar Allen Poe “Love Story” by Taylor Swift �Emotive Poetry �Heavy emphasis on the writer’s emotions, or trying to play upon the readers’ or listeners’ emotions �Examples: “My Mistress’ Eyes are Nothing Like the Sun” by William Shakespeare “Missing You” by P. Diddy featuring Faith Evans “Someone Like You” by Adele

Poetic Devices

Poetic Devices �Alliteration – the repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words � Example: “I said a hip hop, Hippie to the hippie, The hip, hip a hop, and you don't stop, a rock it” (excerpt from “Rapper’s Delight” by The Sugarhill Gang) �Assonance � The repetition of vowel sounds but not consonant sounds �Consonance � The repetition of consonant sounds but not vowel sounds � Note: Alliteration only occurs at the beginning of neighboring words, whereas Assonance and Consonance can occur anywhere in the word

Poetic Devices �Allusion �Brief reference to a person, event, or place which can be either real or made up, or to a work of art. � Example: “Labor day parade, rest in peace Bob Marley, Statue of Liberty, long live the World Trade, Long live the king yo, ” (excerpt from “Empire State of Mind” by Jay-Z) �Oxymoron �Two contradictory words together �Examples: Jumbo Shrimp, Icy Hot

Poetic Devices �Connotation �When you get the meaning of a word from what was read before and after the word. �Sometimes the connotation of a word can be affected by what was written around it. �Denotation �The literal meaning of a word; the dictionary meaning.

Poetic Devices �Hyperbole �An exaggeration or overstatement �Example: I must’ve spent about a million dollars to get my car repaired. �Understatement �a belittlement (making light of something) �Example: (While standing out in a snowstorm) Gosh! It’s a bit chilly today, isn’t it?

Poetic Devices �Metaphor and Simile �Metaphor – comparison of two unlike things �Simile – comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as” �Examples: “On a stormy sea of moving emotion (Metaphor) Tossed about I'm like a ship on the ocean (Simile)” (excerpt from “Carry On Wayward Son” by Kansas)

Poetic Devices �Imagery �Language that evokes one or all of the five senses � Example: The red apple was crisp and sweet. �Onomatopoeia �A word that imitates the sound it represents � Examples: Bang! Boom! Zap! Splat!

Poetic Devices �Meter �Rhythm established by a poem. �Dependent on the number of syllables in a line as well as the way those syllables are accented. (stressed or unstressed) �Rhythm �In poetry, it is a recognizable pulse which gives a distinct beat to a line and also gives it shape.

Poetic Devices �Rhyme Scheme �The way in which the words which rhyme at the end of lines in a poem are organized. � Examples: (aabb, ababcdcd) �Internal Rhyme �When two words on the same line rhyme with each other � Example: “Ah, distinctly I remember, it was in the bleak December” (excerpt from “The Raven” by Edgar Allen Poe)

Poetic Devices �Personification �To give human qualities to animals or objects � Example: My car decided to stall yesterday. �Mood �The emotional attitude the writer takes towards the subject � Examples: Sarcastic, Happy, Humorous, Sad, etc.