LTERARY TERMS Types of Poetry Poetry Poetry is

LİTERARY TERMS Types of Poetry

Poetry; Poetry is piece of literature written by a poet in meter or verse expressing various emotions which are expressed by the use of variety of techniques including metaphors, similes and onomatopoeia. https: //tr. scribd. com/document/19261673/Poetry

Examples of poetry: Ballads, Sonnets, Narrative Poems and Lyric Poems. The emphasis on the aesthetics of language and the use of techniques such as repetition, meter and rhyme are what are commonly used to distinguish poetry from prose. https: //tr. scribd. com/document/19261673/ Poetry

Verse; A line of metrical writing or of a poem, a stanza metrical composition in general. Poetry is a superior form of creation. Verse may be one of the various means made use by poetry. It may be defined as an obviously rhythmical use of language. "Verse" is also used as a general term for metrical composition

Daffodils by William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

ATİLLA İLHAN – Ben Sana Mecburum Ben sana mecburum bilemezsin Adını mıh gibi aklımda tutuyorum Büyüdükçe büyüyor gözlerin Ben sana mecburum bilemezsin İçimi seninle ısıtıyorum.

Stanza; “ A group of verses or lines forming a section within the larger poem is called a stanza. The lines forming one stanza are similar in their its metre and rhyme scheme. The number of lines appearing in one stanza varies from 2 to 8 and normally remains consistent throughout the poem. ” A stanza can also be better understood as one paragraph in the poem. http: //www. writeawriting. com/poetry/what-isstanza /

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost Stanza #1 Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, (line 1) And sorry I could not travel both (line 2) And be one traveler, long I stood (line 3) And looked down one as far as I could (line 4) To where it bent in the undergrowth; (line 5) Stanza #2 Then took the other, as just as fair (line 6) And having perhaps the better claim, (line 7) Because it was grassy and wanted wear; (line 8) Though as for that, the passing there (line 9) Had worn them really about the same, (line 10)

Rhyme and Meter Basically, if you read the lines aloud and there is any sort of similarity in sound, even if the words aren't spelt similarly then there is probably an element of rhyme in the poem. Usually meter is used in poetry to attract readers- we all like an easy, sing song style kid's story. The natural rhythms our ear hears are easier to listen to and more enjoyable than irregular rhythms. So if the poet is using a regular meter pattern, they are probably trying to draw the listener in. If they are using an irregular meter, they may be trying to create a feeling of unease or upset.

The most common type of poetic meter is called the "Iambic Pentameter". Shakespeare uses it a lot. The rhythm always goes: "da Dum da Dum" so there's a short, light syllable followed by a heavier one. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, (da Dum da Dum) So long lives this, and this gives life to

Meter is all about the rhythm a whole line in a poem makes. You can measure the rhythm by looking at the number of syllables in a line. Clapping or tapping the line out according to each syllable might help you do this.

Example of well known Rhyme Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall, Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the King's horses, And all the King's men Couldn't put Humpty together again!

Example of Meter (Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare) If music be the food of love, play on; Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die. That strain again! it had a dying fall: O, it came o’er my ear like the sweet sound, That breathes upon a bank of violets,

Blank Verse; This poem is written in blank verse. It is often quoted and used to illustrate dramatic monologue. Blank verse is a type of poetry written in a regular meter that does not contain rhyme. Blank verse is most commonly found in the form of iambic pentameter. Many famous English writers have used blank verse in their works, such as William Shakespeare, John Milton, and William Wordsworth. The character of Ulysses was first recorded by Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, in which Tennyson draws narrative from. verse/ http: //www. literarydevices. com/blank-

Macbeth by William Shakespeare Tomorrow, and tomorrow, Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing.

William Shakespeare

Orhan Veli Anlatamıyorum Ağlasam sesimi duyar mısınız, Mısralarımda; Dokunabilir misiniz, Gözyaşlarıma, ellerinizle? Bilmezdim şarkıların bu kadar güzel Kelimelerinse kifayetsiz olduğunu Bu derde düşmeden önce Bir yer var biliyorum; Her şeyi söylemek mümkün; Epeyce yaklaşmışım duyuyorum Anlatamıyorum https: //www. turkedebiyati. org/serbest_siir. html

Lyric Poetry Lyric Poetry consists of a poem, such as a sonnet or an ode, that expresses the thoughts and feelings of the poet. The term lyric is now commonly referred to as the words to a song. Lyrics poems cover many subjects from love and death to everyday experiences.

Highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker. It creates a single, unified impression. Usually in first person point of view Expresses emotion or describes a scene Does not tell a story No syllable requirements

Eski Yunan edebiyatında şairler şiirlerini "lir" denilen bir sazla söyledikleri için bu şiire lirik şiir ismi verilmiştir. Halk şiirimizde ise koşma ve semai türleri lirik şiire güzel birer örnektirler.

A Dream, by William Blake Pitying, I dropped a tear: But I saw a glow-worm near, Who replied, "What wailing wight Calls the watchman of the night?

Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu Kara dutum, çatal karam , çingenem Nar tanem , nur tanem , bir tanem, Ağaç isem dalımsın salkım saçak Petek isem balımsın oğulum Günahımsın vebalimsin. Dili mercan , dizi mercan, dişi mercan Yoluna bir can koyduğum, Gökte ararken yerde bulduğum Karadutum , çatal karam çingenem Daha nem olacaktın bir tanem? ornekleri http: //bunedir. org/soru-cevap/nedir. php? ne=lirik-siir-

Epic Poetry; An extensive, serious poem that tells the story about a heroic figure. A broadly defined genre of poetry, and one of the major forms of narrative literature. It retells in a continuous narrative the life and works of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons. Some of the most famous epic poems are the Iıiad and the Odyssey by Homer and the epic poem of the Song of Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807 -1882).

Epik kavramı Yunancada destan anlamına gelen "epope"den gelmektedir. Türk edebiyatında ise Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca'nın "Üç Şehitler Destanı", Mehmet Akif Ersoy'un "Çanakkale Şehitlerine" eserleri epik şiir için güzel birer örnektirler.

The Song of Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow By the shore of Gitchie Gumee, By the shining Big-Sea-Water, At the doorway of his wigwam, In the pleasant Summer morning, Hiawatha stood and waited. All the air was full of freshness, All the earth was bright and joyous, And before him through the sunshine, Westward toward the neighboring forest Passed in golden swarms the Ahmo, Passed the bees, the honey-makers, Burning, singing in the sunshine

Köroğlu'yum medhim merde yeğine Koç yiğit değişmez cengi düğüne Sere serpe gider düşman önüne Ölümü karşılar meydan içinde Köroğlu http: //www. edebiyatokulu. org/2015/12/epik-siir. html

Ballad ; Ballad Poems are poems that tells a story similar to a folk tale or legend and often has a repeated refrain. A ballad is often about love and often sung. A ballad is a story in poetic form. The subject matter of ballad is usually tragic and often violent. The story is told through dialogue and action, with sudden transitions from point to point in the narrative. In most ballads, we find a four-line stanza with a simple abcb rhyme scheme

Türkler, İslamiyet ile tanışmadan evvel "sığır" adı verilen av törenleri ile "şölen" adı verilen ziyafetlerde ve kazanılan savaşlar sonunda birtakım eğlenceler düzenlemişlerdir. Bu eğlencelerde daha çok lirik, epik ve pastoral özellikler taşıyan ve bir ezgiyle söylenen doğa sevgisi temalı şiirlere koşuk denir. http: //www. edebiyatokulu. org/2015/12/kosuk. ht ml

Rime of an Ancient Mariner” by Samuel Taylor Coloridge ‘Day after day, day after day We stuck nor breathe, nor motion; As idle as a painted ship Upon a painted ocean’ ….

The Mermaid by Author Unknown 'Twas Friday morn when we set sail, And we had not got far from land, When the Captain, he spied a lovely mermaid, With a comb and a glass in her hand. …

Pastoral Poetry; The pastoral is the form of poetry that deals with the urban poets nostalgic image of the peace and simplicity of the life of shepherds and other rural folk in an idealized natural setting. Among the most popular poets to create this type of writing were Christopher Marlowe and John Milton.

Pastoral şiirinin kurucusu eski Yunan edebiyatında Theokritos'tur. Latin edebiyatından Vergilius da pastoral şiirle ilgili önemli örnekler ortaya koymuştur. Türk edebiyatında pastoral şiire güzel örnekler verilmiştir. Abdulhak Hamit Tarhan'ın ünlü eseri "Sahra" edebiyatımızda ilk pastoral şiir olarak kabul edilir. Faruk Nafiz Çamlıbel'in "Çoban Çeşmesi", Kemalettin Kamu'nun "Bingöl Çobanları" eserleri pastoral şiire güzel birer örnek oluşturur. http: //www. edebiyatokulu. org/2015/12/pastoral-siir. html

The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe Come live with me and be my Love, And we will all the pleasures prove That hills and valleys, dale and field, And all the craggy mountains yield. There will we sit upon the rocks And see the shepherds feed their flocks, By shallow rivers, to whose falls Melodious birds sing madrigals. …

Elegy; An elegy is a sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead. Although a speech at a funeral is a eulogy, you might later compose an elegy to someone you have loved and lost to the grave The purpose of this kind of poem is to express feelings rather than tell a story. Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” is a poem that reflects on the lives of common people buried in a church cemetery, and on the nature of human mortality. https: //literarydevices. net/elegy/

Country Churchyard BY THOMAS GRAY The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea, The plowman homeward plods his weary way, And leaves the world to darkness and to me. Now fades the glimm'ring landscape on the sight, And all the air a solemn stillness holds, Save where the beetle wheels his droning flight, And drowsy tinklings lull the distant folds;

Çeyizim sandıkta basılı kaldı Kınalar ellerde yakılı kaldı Bayrağım ağaçta asılı kaldı Düğünüm mahşere kaldı neyleyim? Bilinmeyenhttp: //www. edebiyatogretmeni. org/etiket/agit-nedir/

Country Churchyard by Thomas Gray The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea, The ploughman homeward plods his weary way, And leaves the world to darkness and to me. Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight, And all the air a solemn stillness holds, Save where the beetle wheels his droning flight, And drowsy tinklings lull the distant fold …

Romantic Poetry; Romantic poetry tends to use fairly simple language because it endeavors to have the flavor of spontaneous speech. One of the most famous Romantic poets, William Wordsworth, said that poetry was the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. “ Romantic poetry referred to the natural aspects of the world, focusing on the feelings of sadness and great happiness.

An emphasis on emotional and imaginative spontaneity The importance of self-expression and individual feeling. Romantic poetry is one of the heart and the emotions, exploring the ‘truth of the imagination' rather than scientific truth. A capacity for wonder and consequently a reverence for the freshness and innocence of the vision of childhood

An almost religious response to nature. Some of them were no longer Christian in their beliefs. Shelley was an atheist, and for a while Wordsworth was apantheist (the belief that god is in everything). Much of their poetry celebrated the beauty of nature, or protested the ugliness of the growing industrialization of the century: the machines, factories, slum conditions, pollution and so on.

The Question by Percy Bysshe Shelley I dreamed that, as I wandered by the way, Bare Winter suddenly was changed to Spring, And gentle odours led my steps astray, Mixed with a sound of waters murmuring Along a shelving bank of turf, which lay Under a copse, and hardly dared to fling Its green arms round the bosom of the stream, But kissed it and then fled, as thou mightest in dream.

Fransa’da XVIII. yüzyılın sonlarında başlayan ve Klasik edebiyat akımına bir tepki olarak doğan, bu bağlamda duygu, imge ve fanteziye ağırlık veren Romantizm, Victor Hugo ile, bir edebiyat okulu (1827) kimliği kazanmıştır. Her sanat ve edebiyat akımı gibi Romantizm akımını da doğuran birtakım etkenler vardır. Bu faktörler – ana yönleriyle olmak üzere – feodal ve monarşik düzenin yapısınıdeğiştirmek, özgürlüğü, kardeşliği, eşitliği egemen kılmak olarak adlandırılabilir. Nitekim bu yüzyılın sonlarına doğru gerçekleşecek olan Fransız İhtilali’nin, bu ana düşüncelerden beslendiğini belirtmeliyim. Zira Fransız İhtilali ile ortaya atılıp yaygınlık kazanan bu kavramlar, dönemin sanatçılarını derinden etkilemişti. http: //renklianlatilar. com/romantik-donemde-edebiyat-ve-muzik-iliskisi/

Turgut Uyar GÖĞE BAKMA DURAĞI İkimiz birden sevinebiliriz göğe bakalım Şu kaçamak ışıklardan şu şeker kamışlarından Bebe dişlerinden güneşlerden yaban otlarından Durmadan harcadığım şu gözlerimi al kurtar Şu aranıp duran korkak ellerimi tut Bu evleri atla bu evleri de bunları da Göğe bakalım …

Ode; An ode is a form of poetry such as sonnet or elegy, etc. Ode is a literary technique that is lyrical in nature, but not very lengthy. You have often read odes in which poets praise people, natural scenes, and abstract ideas Odes are long poems which are serious in nature and written to a set structure Another important feature of an ode is the fact that its theme is highly elevated. Its theme is definitely exalted, sublime and elevated. Its theme bears wideranging significance. It may not be limited simply to the personality of the poet, rather; it’s is universal

Gazel, öncelikle Arap edebiyatı döneminde görülmüş buradan İran edebiyatına ve sonrasında da Osmanlı edebiyatına geçiş yaplmış bir nazım biçimidir! https: //www. msxlabs. org/forum/cevaplanmis/378209 -gazel-hangi-donemde-ortaya-cikmistir. html

Fuzili Benî candan usandırdı cefâdan yâr usanmaz mı Felekler yandı âhımdan murâdım şem’i yanmaz mı Kamû bîmârınâ cânan devâ-yî derd eder ihsan Niçin kılmaz manâ derman menî bîmâr sanmaz mı Gamım pinhan dutardım ben dedîler yâre kıl rûşen Desem ol bî vefâ bilmen inânır mı inanmaz mı …. . http: //www. toplumdusmani. net/modules/wordboo k/entry. php? entry. ID=6421/gazel-ornekleri-nedir+gazel-ornekleri-ne-demek

Ode To A Nightingale by John Keats My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk: 'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot, But being too happy in thine happiness, That thou, light-winged Dryad of the trees In some melodious plot Of beechen green, and shadows numberless, Singest of summer in full-throated ease. …

Sonnet; It means a small or little song or lyric. In poetry, a sonnet has 14 fourteen lines and is written in iambic pentameter. Each line has 10 syllables. It has a specific rhyme scheme and a “volta” or a specific turn. Generally, sonnets are divided into different groups based on the rhyme scheme they follow. The rhymes of a sonnet are arranged according to a certain rhyme scheme. The rhyme scheme in English is usually ababcdcd-efef-gg and in Italian abba-cde-cde.

O thou my lovely boy by William Shakespeare O thou, my lovely boy, who in thy power Dost hold Time's fickle glass his fickle hour; Who hast by waning grown, and therein show'st Thy lovers withering, as thy sweet self grow'st. If Nature, sovereign mistress over wrack, As thou goest onwards, still will pluck thee back, She keeps thee to this purpose, that her skill May Time disgrace, and wretched minutes kill. Yet fear her, O thou minion of her pleasure! She may detain, but not still keep her treasure. Her audit, though delayed, answered must be, And her quietus is to render thee. Sonnet 126

References; http: //www. poeticterminology. net https: //www. familyfriendpoems. com https: //hubpages. com/literature/The-Ode. Definitions-Types-Characterisitics http: //www. writeawriting. com/poetry http: //www. epicpoetry. net http: //www. poemofquotes. com/alfredtennyson/uly sses. php http: //examples. yourdictionary. com/examples-oflyric-poetry. html http: //crossref-it. info/articles/361/Romantic-poetry

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