On the equality of resistivity fractal dimension and

On the equality of resistivity fractal dimension and geometric relaxation time fractal dimension of induced polarization for characterizing Shajara Reservoirs of the Shajara Formation of the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group, Saudi Arabia. ” Professor: Khalid Elyas Mohamed Elameen Alkhidir khalkhidir@ksu. edu. sa kalkhidir@ksu. edu. sa College of Engineering, King Saud university, Saudi Arabia

Abstract Sandstone samples were collected from the surface type section of the Shajara Formation of the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group for detailed reservoir characterization. Capillary pressure experiment was performed to contact porosity and permeability was derived from the Data. Resistivity was calculated from the distribution of pores and the fractal dimension was proven from the relationship between wetting phase saturation and resistivity. In addition to field observation and obtained results of fractal dimension, the Shajara reservoirs of the Shajara Formation of the permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group were divided here into three fractal dimension units. The Units from base to top are: Lower Shajara Resistivity Fractal dimension Unit, Middle Shajara Resistivity Fractal Dimension Unit, and Upper Shajara Resistivity Fractal Dimension Unit. These units were also proved by geometric relaxation time of induced polarization fractal dimension. It was found that the resistivity fractal dimension is similar to the geometric relaxation time of induced polarization. It was also reported that the obtained fractal dimension speeds with increasing resistivity and relaxation time due to an increase in pore connectivity.

Al-Khidir et al 2010 Reservoirs Heterogeneity Characterization of the Shajara Member: Permo. Carboniferous Unayzah Formation. The 2 nd Saudi meeting on Oil and Natural Gas Exploration and production Technologies King Fahad university of Petroleum and minerals Campus, Dhahran, saudi Arabia December 18 - 20, 2010 http: //saudiarabiaoilandgas. com/magazines/SAOG _ISSUE_17/saog 17. pdf Al-khidir et al 2011 Bimodal pore size behavior of the Shajara Formation Reservoirs of the Permo. Carboniferous Unayzah Group, Saudi Arabia

Journal of petroleum exploration and Production technology http: //www. springer. com. Al-khidir et al 2012 Characterization of heterogeneity of the Shajara reservoirs of the Shajara formation of the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah group. Arabian Journal of Geoscienes http: //www. springer. com Al-Khidir et al Geoscience; New Findings Reported from King Saud University Describe Advances in Geoscience Science Letter (Oct 25, 2013): 359. http: //search. proquest. com/docview/1442487929 ? accountid=44936

Al-Khidir et al 2013 Differential Capacity Fractal Dimension and Water Saturation Fractal Dimension as Parameters for Reservoir Characterization: Shajara Formation of the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group as a Case Study. 10 th Meeting of the Saudi Society for Geoscience “Geosciences for Sustainable Development” 15 -17 April, 2013 King Fahad university of petroleum and minerals Campus, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

Al-Khidir 2015 Induced Polarization Relaxation Time Fractal Dimension Derived from Capillary pressure data for characterizing Shajara Reservoirs of the shajara Formation of the Permo-carboniferous Unayzah Group. The Eleventh International Geological Conference 23 – 25 Rajab 1436 12 – 14 May 2015. https: //sciences. ksu. edu. sa/sites/sciences. ksu. e du. sa/files/imce_images/program-geo. pdf

Al-Khidir 2017 Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time as a diagnostic parameter for reservoir. International Conference on Petrochemical Engineering July 10 -12, 2017 Dubai, UAE. Al-Khidir 2017 Pressure Head Fractal Dimension for Characterizing Shajara Reservoirs of the Shajara Formation of the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group, Saudi Arabia. Archives of Petroleum Environmental Biotechnology.

Theoretical background •

Sample SJ 1; Φ=29%; K=1680 m. D; Df=2. 7859

Sample SJ 2; Φ=35%; K=1955 m. D; Df=2. 7748

Sample SJ 3; Φ=34%; K=56 m. D; Df=2. 4379

Sample SJ 4; Φ=30%; K=176 m. D; Df=2. 6843

Sample SJ 7; Φ=35%; K=1472 m. D; Df=2. 7683

Sample SJ 8; Φ=32%; K=1344 m. D; Df=2. 7752

Sample SJ 9; Φ=31%; K=1394 m. D; Df=2. 7786

Sample SJ 11; Φ=36%; K=1197 m. D; Df=2. 7586

Sample SJ 12; Φ=28%; K=1440 m. D; Df=2. 7859

Sample SJ 13; Φ=25%; K=973 m. D; Df=2. 7872

Petrophysical model showing Resistivity Fractal Dimension and Geometric Relaxation Time Fractal Dimension of Induced Polarization Sample Number Porosity ( %) Permeability Resistivity Fractal (mad) Geometric Relaxation Time Fractal Dimension Induced Polarization SJ 1 29 1680 2. 7859 SJ 2 SJ 3 SJ 4 SJ 7 SJ 8 SJ 9 SJ 11 SJ 12 SJ 13 35 34 30 35 32 31 36 28 25 1955 56 176 1472 1344 1394 1197 1440 973 2. 7748 2. 4379 2. 6843 2. 7683 2. 7752 2. 7786 2. 7586 2. 7859 2. 7872 Dimension

Resistivity fractal dimension versus geometric relaxation time fractal dimension of induced polarization showing thee Shajara Reservoirs of the shajara Formation of the Permo. Carboniferous Unayzag Group, saudi arabia

Conclusions v. The sandstones of the Shajara Reservoirs of the Shajara formation of the permo. Carboniferous unayzah group were divided here into three units based on resistivity fractal dimension. v The Units from base to top are: Lower Shajara Resistivity Fractal dimension Unit, Middle Shajara Resistivity Fractal Dimension Unit, and Upper Shajara Resistivity Fractal Dimension Unit.

v These units were also proved by geometric relaxation time of induced polarization fractal dimension. v The fractal dimension was found to increase with increasing grain size and permeability.

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