Ohio Hazmat WMD Technician Module 1 Unit 2

Ohio Hazmat & WMD Technician Module 1 Unit 2 Field Survey Instruments 1

Learning Objectives At the end of this training each student will demonstrate knowledge and the ability to classify, identify, and verify known and unknown chemicals by using field survey instruments. 2

Student Performance Objectives • Know the 9 DOT Hazard Classes • Know the 3 classes and 2 divisions of inherent safety tested instruments • Know the 6 types of direct reading instruments and give examples of each type. 3

Student Performance Objectives (cont. ) • Demonstrate their ability to operate at least 4 different direct reading instruments • Must be able to successfully complete competency evaluations 005, 006, 007, 008, 009, 010, 011, 014, 016, 017, and/or 018 4

DOT Hazard Classes 1 Explosives 2 Compressed gasses 3 Flammable liquids 4 Flam solids, spontaneous combustible, dangerous when wet 5 Oxidizers and organic peroxides 5

DOT Hazard Classes (cont. ) 6 Toxic, biological 7 Radiological 8 Corrosives 9 Misc. (ORM) 6

Real Time Air Monitors • • • Assessing health risks PPE Work zones Dispersion Mitigation actions 7

Characteristics of Air Monitoring Instruments • • Portable and rugged Easy to operate Inherently safe Reliable and useful results 8

Inherently Safe • Class I, II and III • Division 1 and 2 9

Characteristics of Air Monitoring Instruments (cont. ) • Reliable and useful results ØResponse time ØSensitivity ØAmplification ØAccuracy ØPrecision ØSelectivity ØCalibration and relative response 10

Types of Direct reading instruments • • • Corrosive gas Oxygen Flammability Toxic Radiological Specialized 11

Corrosive Gas • p. H paper 12

Oxygen • • Normal air– 20. 9% oxygen Oxygen levels less than 19. 5% Oxygen levels above 23. 5% Some instruments require sufficient oxygen for operation 13

Schematic of Oxygen Sensor O 2 O 2 Membrane (+) Electrode Electrolyte Solution (KCL or KOH) (-) Meter Face 14

Limitations and Considerations • Atmospheric pressure • Temperature 15

Combustible-Atmosphere Indicators • Combustible Gas Indicators (CGI) • Concentration of a flammable vapor or gas in the air • Percentage of the LEL 16

Flammable Range 17

Principle of Operation • Wheatstone Bridge WHEATSTONE BRIDGE 18

Limitations • • Temperature Lack of oxygen Lead vapors and silicon compounds Response factors 19

Relative Response for a Combustible Gas Chemical Meter Response Relative Response Factor Concentration (% LEL) Methane 50 85 1. 7 Acetylene 50 60 1. 2 Pentane 50 50 1 1, 4, -Dioxane 50 37 . 74 Xylene 50 27 . 54 20

Toxic-Atmosphere Monitors • • • Identify airborne concentrations Evaluate risk Determine the need and type of PPE Establish work zones PPM 21

Radiological • • Survey meters Contamination Dose & Rate Max dose for: ØLife safety - 50, 000 mrem ØProtecting critical property - 10, 000 mrem ØEmergency worker - 5000 mrem 22

Specialized Monitoring Devices • NFPA’s list of 18 1) Biological immunoassay indicators 2) Chemical Agent Monitors 3) Colorimetric indicators 4) Combustible Gas Indicators 5) DNA Fluoroscopy 6) Electro chemical cells 7) Flame Ionizing detector 8) Gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer 9) Infrared Spectroscopy 10) Ion mobility spectroscopy 11) Mass channel analyzer 12) Metal oxide sensor 13) Photo ionization detector 14) Polymerase chain reaction 15) Radiation detection and measurement instruments 16) Raman spectroscopy 17) Surface acoustical wave 18) Wet chemistry 23

Colorimetric Tubes • • Glass tube with an indicating chemical Tube is connected to a pump Contaminant reacts with the indicator Chemical-specific 24

Limitations and Considerations (cont. ) • • • Poor accuracy and precision Affected by temperature Store tubes at moderate temperatures Humidity Shelf life 25

Limitations and Considerations (cont. ) • Interfering compounds • Difficult to read • Sampling times 26

Photoionization Detector (PID) • Detect concentrations of gases and vapors in PPM • Fan or pump draws the air into the detector • Contaminants are exposed to a highfrequency radiation light source 27

Ionization Potential Chemical Hydrogen cyanide Carbon dioxide Methane Hydrogen chloride Water Oxygen Chlorine Propane Hydrogen sulfide Hexane Ammonia Vinyl chloride Acetone Benzene Phenol Ethyl amine Ionization Potential (e. V) 13. 9 13. 8 13. 0 12. 5 12. 6 12. 1 11. 5 11. 1 10. 5 10. 2 10. 1 10. 0 9. 7 9. 2 8. 5 8. 0 28

Specialized for WMD • • • M 8 M 9 M 256 A 1 ICAM APD 2000 SAW Mincad • GC/MS • Biological detection and ID 29

Exercise Module 1 Unit 2 Air Monitors Time Allotted: 60 minutes Equipment needed: (2) 4 gas air monitors P. I. D. p. H paper Calibration gas Supplies needed: Acetone Acetic Acid (vinegar) Hydrochloric Acid (The Works toilet bowl cleaner) Ammonia (window cleaner) 4 small containers with lids or covers Calibration Gas Methodology: The instructor will give you a scenario that is based on the student performance objectives in this unit. 30

Unit 2 Quiz 31

Questions 32